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Changes in call properties of Boana pulchella (Anura, Hylidae) in response to different noise conditions

Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 548-556页

作者： Pablo Grenat Maria Ferrero Mariana Baraquet Favio Pollo Manuel Otero Zulma Salinas Nancy Salas Adolfo Martino Ecologia Departamento de Ciencias NaturalesFacultad de Ciencias ExactasFisico-Quimicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de Rio CuartoRutaNacional N°36-km601X5804BYARioCuartoArgentina lnstituto de ciencias de la Tierra Biodiversidad y Ambiente(ICBIA)UNRC-CONICETRuta Nacional N°36-km 601X5804BYARio CuartoArgentina Cátedra de Botanica General Departamento de Recursos Naturales y AmbienteFacultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de Buenos AiresAv.San Martin 4453Buenos AiresArgentina

The increasing expansion of urban areas leads to the emergence of new noisy environments that can affect animal *** play a crucial role in the mating displays of anurans,and the negative impact of anthropogenic noise-induced auditory masking has been reported in several *** investigated the acoustic variation in 96 males(n=971 calls)of the treefrog Boana pulchella across acoustically undis-turbed sites and different noise conditions,associated with urban areas(URBAN)and roads(ROAD),in Central *** analyzed the effect of anthropogenic noise conditions on 6 temporal(call duration[CD],intercall interval,first and second note duration,internote interval,and call rate)and 3 spectral(dominant frequency of first and second note,frequency difference between them)call *** effects of temperature and size on acoustical variables were *** observed differences in all call attributes among the noise conditions,except for intercall *** exposed to URBAN and ROAD exhibited significant changes in CD,dominant frequency of the second note,and fre-quency difference between *** males had longest internote interval,while ROAD individuals displayed increased first and second note duration and call ***,ROAD males exhibited immediate changes in call rate in direct response to passing heavy *** study emphasizes the impact of anthropogenic noise on the acoustic characteristics of *** *** how animals adapt to noisy environments is crucial in mitigating the adverse effects of urbanization on their communication *** investigations should explore whether the observed call adjustments are effective in avoiding or mitigating the negative consequences of anthropogenic noise on reproductive success.

关键词： acoustic communication advertisement call auditory masking noise pollution road traffic noise.

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Unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neuropathology and behavioral deficits in parkinsonian rats withα-synucleinopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2057-2067页

作者： Bismark Gatica-Garcia Michael J.Bannon Irma Alicia Martínez-Dávila Luis O.Soto-Rojas David Reyes-Corona Lourdes Escobedo Minerva Maldonado-Berny ME Gutierrez-Castillo Armando J.Espadas-Alvarez Manuel A.Fernandez-Parrilla Juan U.Mascotte-Cruz CP Rodríguez-Oviedo Irais E.Valenzuela-Arzeta Claudia Luna-Herrera Francisco E.Lopez-Salas Jaime Santoyo-Salazar Daniel Martinez-Fong departamento de Fisiología Biofísica y NeurocienciasCentro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico department of Pharmacology Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Red de Medicina para la Educación y desarrollo y la Investigación Científica de Iztacala(Red MEDICI) Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Nanoparticle Therapy Institute AguascalientesMéxico departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y DesarrolloInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía Instituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico departamento de Fisiología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico departamento de Física Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Programa de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Parkinsonism by unilateral,intranigralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside administration in rats is distinguished in that theα-synuclein insult begins unilaterally but spreads bilaterally and increases in severity over time,thus replicating several clinical features of Parkinson’s disease,a typicalα-*** Nurr1 repressesα-synuclein,we evaluated whether unilateral transfected of rNurr1-V5 transgene via neurotensin-polyplex to the substantia nigra on day 30 after unilateralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside lesion could affect bilateral neuropathology and sensorimotor deficits on day 30 *** study found that rNurr1-V5 expression but not that of the green fluorescent protein(the negative control)reducedβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside-induced ***,a bilateral increase in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and arborization occurred in the substantia nigra and increased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive ramifications in the *** addition,tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells displayed less senescence markerβ-galactosidase and more neuron-cytoskeleton markerβIII-tubulin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.A significant decrease in activated microglia(positive to ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1)and neurotoxic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and complement component 3)and increased neurotrophic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 calcium-binding protein A10)also occurred in the substantia *** effects followed the bilateral reduction inα-synuclein aggregates in the nigrostriatal system,improving sensorimotor *** results show that unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neurodegeneration(senescence and loss of neuron-cytoskeleton and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells),neuroinflammation(activated microglia,neurotoxic astrocytes),α-synuclein aggregation,and sensorimotor *** neurotrophic astrocytes and

关键词： A1 astrocytes A2 astrocytes gene therapy microglia motor deficits nanoparticles neurodegeneration neuroinflammation senescence α-synuclein aggregates

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Tropical tree community composition and diversity variation along a volcanic elevation gradient

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第12期19卷 3475-3486页

作者： Ruben MARTINEZ-CAMILO Manuel MARTINEZ-MELENdeZ Nayely MARTINEZ-MIELENdeZ derio Antonio JIMENEZ-LOPEZ Mauricio JOSE-RIOS Unidad Villa Corzo Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas30520 Villa CorzoChiapasMexico Instituto de ciencias Biológicas Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas29039 Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMexico Eizia A.C. 29045 Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMexico departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad El Colegio de la Frontera Sur29290 San Cristóbal de las CasasChiapasMexico Orquidiario y Jardín Botánico de Comitán Secretaría de Medio Ambiente e Historia Natural30106 Comitán de DomínguezChiapasMexico Instituto de Investigación en Gestión de Riesgos y Cambio Climático Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas29039 Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMexico

Unraveling the factors that determine variation of diversity in tropical mountain systems is a topic for debate in plant *** is especially true in areas where topography is complex due to volcano elevational gradients and where forests are vulnerable to human *** this study we used a set of climatic(temperature,rainfall,and radiation solar),topographic(elevation,slope aspect,and slope orientation)and human disturbance variables to determine their effect on diversity and composition patterns of a tree community,considering three slope aspects of a tropical volcano in southeastern *** sampled trees in seventy 0.1-ha plots distributed on three slope aspects of the Tacanávolcano along an elevational gradient of 1500 to 2500 *** determined diversity patterns(general tree richness,exponential of Shannon index,and pioneer species richness)with linear regression models,and for beta diversity,we used a dissimilarity index(within and between elevational bands 100 m wide).The effect of a set of environmental and human disturbance variables on tree diversity and community composition was analyzed with general linear models and multivariate analyses,*** registered 2,949 individual trees belonging to 176 species and *** average species richness and alpha diversity per plot were 13(standard deviation±6)and 9(±5),*** tree richness and alpha diversity increased in the middle part(unimodal patterns)of the elevational gradient,but pioneer species richness decreased linearly with *** variance explained by general linear models was greater in richness(32%)than in alpha diversity(25.3%).The most important predictor variables were temperature(elevational gradient),which explained the unimodal pattern(richness and alpha diversity increase at intermediate levels of temperature),and slope orientation,which explained the increase in richness and alpha diversity toward the geographic *** temperature had a signific

关键词： Composition Environmental gradient Tree diversity patterns Tropical humid cloud forest Tropical volcanoes

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Petrography and tectonic provenance of the Permian Tunas Formation:Implications on the paleotectonic setting during the ClaromecóForeland Basin evolution,southwestern Gondwana margin,Argentina

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2022年第3期11卷 427-447页

作者： María Belén Febbo Renata N.Tomezzoli Nora N.Cesaretti Giselle Choque Natalia B.Fortunatti Guadalupe Arzadún Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Argentina Dpto.de Geología Universidad Nacional del SurAvenida Alem 1253B8000ICPBahía BlancaArgentina Centro de Geología Aplicada y medio ambiente(CGAMA CIC–UNS)Dpto.de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional del SurBahía BlancaArgentina laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo“Daniel A.Valencio” Instituto de Geociencias BásicasAplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires(IGEBA)Departamento de Ciencias GeológicasFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales(FCEyN)Universidad de Buenos Aires(UBA)Pabellón II(1428)CABAArgentina laboratorio de Termocronología(la.Te Andes–CONICET) Las Moreras 310A4401XBAVaquerosSaltaArgentina

The Claromec o Basin is located at the south-western sector of the Buenos Aires province,*** basin is considered a foreland basin closely related to the evolution of the southwestern Gondwana *** contribution focuses on the provenance analysis of the Tunas Formation(Permian,Pillahuinc o Group),which represents the last filling stage for the Claromec o Foreland *** and tectonic provenance analyses were performed in sandstones recovered from subsurface(PANG 0001 and PANG0003 exploration wells)and outcrops located close to the basin center(Gonzales Chaves locality).In the subsurface,the analyzed succession is composed of medium-to fine-grained sandstones interbedded with tuffs,mudrocks,carbonaceous mudrocks and coal *** outcrops,the succession is dominated by mediumto fine-grained sandstones interbedded with *** composition patterns are distributed into the recycled orogen and transitionally recycled to mixed *** analyses,in addition to provenance and sedimentological studies,confirm that sedimentary material was derived from a mixed source,which largely comes from the Sierras Australes fold and thrust belt,located towards the W-SW,where the sedimentary succession is interbedded with volcanic *** Tunas Formation shows clear differences in its modal composition,paleocurrent direction and paleoenvironmental conditions with respect to the underlying units of the Pillahuinc o Group(Sauce Grande,Piedra Azul and Bonete formations).Source areas changed from cratonic to mixed fold belt/arc-derived material,suggesting variations in the Claromec o Basin configuration during the late *** in the paleotectonic scenario during the deposition of the Tunas Formation have been interpreted as a consequence of a compressive post-collisional deformation event,the product of adjustment,accommodation and translation of terrains towards the equator during the Permian-Triassic to form Pangea.

关键词： Provenance area Petrography Tunas Formation ClaromecóForeland Basin Southwestern Gondwana margin Permian Upper Paleozoic

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Does climate change alter the nutrient trends of Cedrela fissilis Vell. trees in the southern Brazilian Amazon?

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Ecological Processes 2023年第4期12卷 164-185页

作者： Daigard R.Ortega Rodriguez Raúl Sánchez-Salguero Andrea Hevia Renata C.Bovi Marciel J.Ferreira James H.Speer Fidel A.Roig Mario Tomazello-Filho Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade de S?o Paulo dendr Olavide-department Sistemas Físicos Químicos y Naturales Universidad Pablo de Olavide department of Ecology Universidad de Jaén Campus Las Lagunillas s/n. departamento de Ciência Florestal Solos e AmbienteUniversidade Estadual Paulista laboratory of Silviculture Universidade Federal do Amazonas department of Earth and Environmental Systems Indiana State University Argentine Institute of Nivology Glaciology and Environmental Sciences(IANIGLA CONICET Universidad Nacional de Cuyo) Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Mayor

Background The increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts is pointed out as one of the main factors altering biogeochemical cycles in the Amazon basin. An eco-nutritional approach using X-ray fluorescence micro-analysis(μXRF) is proposed to verify the long-and short-term effects of droughts on the growth and xylem nutrient concentrations of Cedrela fissilis *** Fourteen radii were selected from a tree-ring width chronology and X-rayed by Itrax Multiscanner. Profiles of ring width, wood density, and concentrations of aluminum(Al), phosphorus(P), sulfur(S), calcium(Ca), potassium(K), manganese(Mn), iron(Fe) and strontium(Sr) together with Al/Ca, Ca/Mn, K/Ca, Sr/Ca and Mn/S ratios were constructed and correlated with precipitation, temperature, the difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration(P-PET) and standardized precipitation–evapotranspiration index(SPEI).Results During dry years, C. fissilis showed narrower, less dense rings, lower Al, P, S and Ca, and higher K and Fe concentrations(the opposite was found in wet years). Ring width decreased(together with Al, P, S, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Sr, Al/Ca, K/Ca and Sr/Ca) and wood density increased(together with Ca/Mn and Mn/S), which was associated with an increase in evapotranspiration and temperature over time, mainly since 1990. Cedrela fissilis showed a tendency to increase its capacity for resistance, and a recovery and resilience in growth over time associated with responses in Al, Ca, P and S. However, it showed a risk in the capacity for recovery of the pre-drought density values, associated with unsatisfactory responses in Al, Ca, K, Fe and *** This study is the first attempt to analyze tree-ring nutritional evidences of C. fissilis trees to climate sensitivity and resilience to drought, based on long-term data from seasonal moist tropical forests of the Amazon. Our data suggested that C. fissilis is undergoing alterations in the concentration, use and redistribution of n

关键词： dendrochemistry µXRF Drought Tropical tree Eco-chemical indicator Resilience Resistance Recovery

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Metamorphic gradient modification in the Early Cretaceous Northern Andes subduction zone:A record from thermally overprinted high-pressure rocks

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 354-371页

作者： D.S.Avellaneda-Jiménez A.Cardona V.Valencia S.León I.F.Blanco-Quintero Grupo de Investigación en Geología y Geofisica(EGEO) Universidad Nacional de ColombiaMedellínColombia departamento de Materiales y Minerales Universidad Nacional de ColombiaMedellínColombia departamento de Procesos y Energía Universidad Nacional de ColombiaMedellínColombia School of the Environment Washington State UniversityPullmanUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute BalboaAnconPanama departamento de ciencias de la tierraydel medio ambiente Universidad de AlicanteSpain

New field observations and petrological data from Early Cretaceous metamorphic rocks in the Central Cordillera of the Colombian Andes allowed the recognition of thermally overprinted high-pressure rocks derived from oceanic crust *** obtained metamorphic path suggests that the rocks evolved from blueschist to eclogite facies towards upper amphibolite to high-pressure granulite facies transitional *** facies conditions,better recorded in mafic protoliths,are revealed by relic lawsonite and phengite,bleb-to worm-like diopside-albite symplectites,as well as garnet core *** amphibolite to high pressure granulite facies overprinting is supported by coarse-grained brown-colored Ti-rich amphibole,augite,and oligoclase recrystallization,as well as the record of partial melting *** equilibria and pressure-temperature(P-T)path modeling suggest initial high-pressure metamorphic conditions M1 yielding 18.2-24.5 kbar and 465-580℃,followed by upper amphibolite to high pressure granulite facies overprinting stage M2 yielding 6.5-14.2 kbar and 580-720℃.Retrograde conditions M3 obtained through chlorite thermometry yield temperatures ranging around 286-400℃at pressures below 6.5-11 *** obtained clockwise P-T path,the garnet zonation pattern revealing a decrease in X_(grs)/X_(prp)related to Mg#increment from core to rim,the presence of partial melting veins,as well as regional constraints,document the modification of the thermal structure of the active subduction zone in Northern Andes during the Early *** increment of the metamorphic gradient within the subduction interface is associated with slab roll-back geodynamics where hot mantle inflow was *** scenario is also argued by the reported trench-ward magmatic arc migration and multiple extensional basin formation during this *** presented example constitutes the first report of Cretaceous roll-back-related metamorphism in the Caribbean and Ande

关键词： Slab roll-back Mineral chemistry Phase equilibria P-T path modeling Roll-back metamorphism Thermally overprinted high-pressure rocks

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Are eavesdroppers multimodal？ Sensory exploitation of floral signals by a non-native cockroach Blatta orientalis

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 162-174页

作者： Rodrigo C. VERGARA Alejandra TORRES-ARANEDA Diego A. VILlaGRA Robert A. RAGUSO Mary T. K. ARROYO Cristian A. VILlaGRA Instituto de Ecologfa y Biodiversidad IEB Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile Centro de Recursos Naturales y medio ambiente Departamento de Qufmica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Tarapaca Arica Chile department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Instituto de Entomologfa Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educacion Casilla 147 SantiagoChile

The study of multi-modal communication has only recently been extended to innate and learned interactions between flowers and their animal visitors, and usually only to pollinators. Here we studied the relevance of floral scent and visual display of a night blooming, putatively hawkmoth-pollinated plantOenothera acaulis(Onagraceae) in the attraction of non-native cockroachesBlatta orientalis(Blattodea: Blattidae), which function as facultative floral larcenists in coastal habitats of central Chile. We experimentally decoupled visual (corolla) and olfactory (fragrance) stimuli by presenting paper corollas and green mesh bags, with or without a freshly-picked natural flower inside. We then contrasted the behavioral responses of roaches in these treatments with those to the natural combination of traits in actual flowers and their respective control treatments, measuring the roaches’ frequency of first visits, mean and total residence time spent in each treatment. The roaches primarily used olfactory cues when approachingO. acaulisflowers at two biologically relevant spatial scales. In addition, the presence of conspecific roaches had a strong influence on recruitment to the experimental arena, increasing the statistical differences among treatments. Our results suggest a primacy of floral fragrance over visual stimuli in the foraging responses ofB. orientalis. Olfactory cues were necessary and sufficient to attract the roaches, and the visual cues presented in our manipulations only marginally increased their attraction within a 20 cm diameter of the stimulus. The full spectrum of floral visitation behavior was not elicited by the artificial flowers, suggesting the need for additional tactile or contact chemosensory stimuli not provided by paper. Although the nitrogenous scent compounds that we found inO. acaulisflowers are almost exclusively found in hawkmoth-pollinated flowers, the attractiveness of these compounds to a non-native, facultative flower-visiting insect

关键词：蟑螂花香多式联运信号香味化合物窃听开发感官

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Influence of soil and elevation on roadside cryptogam diversity in the tropical Andes

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 639-646页

作者： Paul Salinas Marina Mazon Vinicio Carrion-Paladines Nixon Cumbicus Patricio Guzman Paolo Giordani Angel Benítez Maestría en Biología de la Conservacion y Ecología Tropical Universidad Tecnica Particular deLojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del ambiente y Biodiversidad–CITIAB Universidad Nacional de LojaCiudadela Universitariasector La ArgeliaEC 110101LojaEcuador Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Tropicales-BIETROP Herbario HUTPLDepartamento de Ciencias Biologicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador departament of Pharmacy University of GenoaViale Cembrano 416148GenoaItaly

Background: The deforestation caused by road construction is one of the main drivers for both biodiversity and function loss in tropical ecosystems. Terricolous cryptogams are pioneers in colonizing roadside and they are limited by environmental and edaphic factors, thus, cryptogams may act as pioneers for ecosystem rehabilitation at ***: This research was aimed at determining the diversity and composition of terricolous cryptogams, as well as their relationship with elevation and soil properties among roadside of the tropical Andes of Ecuador, in order to establish indicator species of this anthropized ecosystems. Five elevations were selected and in each one 50grids of 20 cm×30 cm were sampled(250 in total along the road), where occurrence, cover and identification of every cryptogam species were recorded. To evaluate the effect of elevation and soil properties on cryptogam richness, a linear model was conducted. Species composition among elevations was compared by non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS), and their relationship with the environmental variables through a correlation with adjusted axes was performed. A total of 72 species were recorded, those being 44 bryophytes and 28lichens. Species richness and composition of terricolous cryptogams were influenced by elevation and soil properties, thus the richness is higher at elevations E1, E2 and E3(2600, 2200 and 1800 m a.s.l.), differing from low elevations E4 and E5(1400 and 1000 m a.s.l.). Higher elevations with specific soil conditions(e.g bulk density, nitrogen and silt) harbored different cryptogam communities than those in lower ***: A combination of both elevation and soil properties are shaping the colonization by terricolous cryptogams commnunities. As such, 18 species were identified as the best indicators for all sets of environmental conditions at the roadside, which can therefore be considered for monitoring ecological processes in tropical areas. Use of biocrus

关键词： Bryophytes Indicator species Beta diversity Lichens Richness Ecuador

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On the potential of documenting decadal-scale avifaunal change from before-and-after comparisons of museum and observational data across North America

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Fernando Machado-Stredel Benedictus Freeman Daniel Jiménez-Garcia Marlon E.Cobos Claudia Nunez-Penichet laura Jiménez Ed Komp Utku Perktas Ali Khalighifar Kate Ingenloff Walter Tapondjou Thilina de Silva Sumudu Fernando Luis Osorio-Olvera A.Townsend Peterson Biodiversity Institute and department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Centro de Agroecología y ambiente Instituto de CienciasBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaPueblaMexico Information and Telecommunication Technology Center(ITTC) University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA department of Biology(Zoology Section-Biogeography Research lab.) Faculty of ScienceHacettepe UniversityBeytepeAnkaraTurkey department of Ornithology American Museum of Natural HistoryCentral Park West at 79th StreetNew YorkNYUSA departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Studies of biodiversity dynamics have been cast on either long(systematics)or short(ecology)time scales,leaving a gap in coverage for moderate time scales of decades to ***-scale biodiversity information resources now available offer opportunities to fill this gap for many parts of the world via detailed,quantitative comparisons of assemblage composition,particularly for regions without rich time series *** explore the possibility that such changes in avifaunas across the United States and Canada before and after the first three decades of marked global change(i.e.,prior to 1980 versus after 2010)can be reconstructed and characterized from existing primary biodiversity *** an illustration of the potential of this methodology for sites even in regions not as well sampled as the United States and Canada,we also explored changes at a single site in Mexico(Chichén-Itzá).We analyzed two large-scale datasets:one summarizing bird records in the United States and Canada before 1980,and one for the same region after *** used probabilistic inventory completeness analyses to identify sites that have avifaunas that have likely been inventoried more or less *** prepared detailed comparisons between the two time periods to analyze species showing distributional changes over the time period *** identified 139 sites on a 0.05°grid that were demonstrably well-inventoried before 1980 in the United States and Canada,of which 108 were also well-inventoried after *** presence/absence patterns between the two time periods for 601 bird species,we found significant spatial autocorrelation in overall avifaunal turnover(species gained and lost),but not in numbers of species *** noted potential northward retractions of ranges of several species with high-latitude(boreal)distributions,while other species showed dominant patterns of population loss,either rangewide(e.g.,Tympanuchus cupido)or regionally(e.g.,Thryomanes bewickii).We dev

关键词： Biodiversity dynamics Birds Climate change Inventory completeness Time scale Turnover

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Floristic, Structural, and Conservation Analysis of the Habitats Occupied by Dupont’s lark, Chersophilus duponti, in the Northwest Edge of Its Distributional Range

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Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第9期6卷 517-528页

作者： Juan Luis Aguirre Carlos Talabante Alejandro Aparicio Manuel Peinado Cátedra de medio ambiente Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de Alcalá Madrid Spain

This paper describes and analyzes floristic, structural and conservation features of the shrubland occupied by Chersophilus duponti in the northwest corner of its world distribution range. This study relates the coverage, floristic composition with estimated lark density in the area. We identified four types of shrublands, three of them varied significantly in floristic composition for the habitats of this species in contrast with those of their world distribution: Cistus ladanifer scrubs;heaths dominated by Ericaceae, and scrubs dominated by the genera lavandula, Thymus and Cytisus. The fourth type, dominated by aromatic chamaephytes and grass, fits descriptions of the bird’s typical habitat. The areas sampled are subject to different categories of threats, the most significant being the natural succession process due to the cessation of grazing, reforestation measures and the use of flat areas for farmlands or other uses. The density of larks in this area was directly related to coverage-composition of plant community.

关键词： Alaudidae Passerine Birds Vegetation-Birds Relationships Steppe Birds Conservation Status

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