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Drought effects on the plasticity in vessel traits of two endemic Magnolia species in the tropical montane cloud forests of eastern Mexico

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第3期13卷 331-340页

作者： Ernesto Chanes Rodríguez-Ramírez José Antonio Vázquez-García Ignacio García-González Othón Alcántara-Ayala Isolda Luna-Vega Laboratorio de Biogeografía y Sistemática Departamento de Biología EvolutivaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico Laboratorio de Ecosistemática Instituto de BotánicaDepartamento de Botánica y ZoologíaCentro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad de GuadalajaraJaliscoMexico departamento de botánica Escola Politécnica Superior de EnxeñaríaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaLugoSpain

Aims We aimed to evaluate how climatic fluctuations influence the plasticity of anatomical vessel traits and the width of annual tree-rings of two relict-endemic Mexican Magnolia ***,few studies have assessed the drought effect on vessel traits in tropical montane cloud trees of eastern *** Through digital images of growth rings,we assessed the tree radial growth rate,age of the trees and plasticity in vessel traits regarding climatic fluctuations of the Mexican Magnolia species *** compared vessel density,hydraulic diameter and percentage of conductive area in drought years(DY)and non-drought years(NDY)in two Mexican Magnolia *** Findings For the first time,the plasticity that occurs in porous wood vessel traits to long-term climatic fluctuations was analysed for two endangered Magnolia species(Magnolia vovidesii and ***)from two tropical montane cloud forests in *** found that temperature and precipitation were strongly associated with differences in tree-ring width when DY and NDY were *** analyses revealed that a high plasticity in vessel anatomy of diffuse-porous wood was related to temperature and/or water availability for both Magnolia species *** concluded that anatomical adaptations to DY resulted in a substantial reduction in vessel traits when compared with NDY,and that the plastic adaptations played an essential role in water transport and safety for the survival of the studied species during stressful long periods.

关键词： adaptability climate variability drought–growth relationship Magnolia schiedeana Magnolia vovidesii quantitative wood anatomy

Impact of nanomaterials on plants:What other implications do they have?

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BIOCELL 2022年第3期46卷 651-654页

作者： ANTONIO JUÁREZ-MALDONADO departamento de botánica Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo25315México

The use of nanomaterials has spread and has been applied in different industries,including ***,the possibilities presented by NMs are very varied,from the biostimulation of favorable responses,or the control of pests and diseases,to the monitoring of characteristics of interest with the use of *** the biostimulation of agricultural crops with the use of nanomaterials is very relevant,since from this process stress tolerance,higher content of biocompounds,etc.,can be *** the positive impacts on crops are clear,there is not enough information to determine the long-term impacts,both on ecosystems and on human health.

关键词： Nanotechnology Antioxidant defense system Secondary metabolites Ecosystems and the environment

Adding time-calibrated branch lengths to the Asteraceae supertree

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第4期48卷 271-278页

作者： Rubén TORICES rea de botánica Departamento de Ciencias AgroforestalesUniversidad de Valladolid

New inference techniques,such as supertrees,have improved the construction of large phylogenies,helping to reveal the tree of *** addition,these large phylogenies have enhanced the study of other evolutionary questions,such as whether traits have evolved in a neutral or adaptive way,or what factors have influenced ***,supertrees usually lack branch lengths,which are necessary for all these issues to be ***,divergence times within the largest family of flowering plants,namely the Asteraceae,are reviewed to estimate time-calibrated branch lengths in the supertree of this *** inconsistency between estimated dates of basal branching events and the earliest asteraceous fossil pollen record was *** addition,the impact of different methods of branch length assignment on the total number of transitions between states in the reconstruction of sexual system evolution in Asteraceae was *** least for this dataset,different branch length assignation approaches influenced maximum likelihood(ML)reconstructions only and not Bayesian ***,the selection of different branch length information is not arbitrary and should be carefully assessed,at least when ML approaches are being *** reviewed divergence times and the estimated time-calibrated branch lengths provide a useful tool for future phylogenetic comparative and macroevolutionary studies of Asteraceae.

关键词： Asteraceae character mapping divergence times sexual systems trait evolution

Boletellus nordestinus(Boletaceae,Boletales),a new species from Northeastern Atlantic Forest,Brazil

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Studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 54-60页

作者： Magnago AC Neves MA Silveira RMB Programa de Pós-Graduação em botânica Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos Algas e PlantasDepartamento de BotânicaUniversidade Federal de Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisSanta CatarinaBrazil

Boletellus nordestinus is described as a new species from white sandy dunes in the Northeastern Brazilian Atlantic *** area is known as a potential ectotrophic forest,since some ectomycorrhizal fungi had been found in the same *** new species is characterized by dry,velutinous and olivaceus to chocolate brown pileus,context and hymenophore non-cyanescent when exposed or pressured,short and longitudinally ridged basidiospores,fusiform to ventricose cystidia,and a trichodermal pileipellis with disarticulated,acute terminal elements.A full description,line drawings,color photographs and molecular phylogenetic data of the new species are provided.

关键词： Agaricomycetes boletoid fungi Neotropical fungi taxonomy

CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the polygalacturonase FaPG1 gene improves strawberry fruit firmness

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Horticulture Research 2023年第3期10卷 201-210页

作者： Gloria López-Casado Cristina Sánchez-Raya Pablo D.Ric-Varas Candelas Paniagua Rosario Blanco-Portales Juan Muñoz-Blanco Sara Pose Antonio J.Matas Jose A.Mercado departamento de botánica y Fisiología Vegetal Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea‘La Mayora’(IHSM-UMA-CSIC)Universidad de Málaga29071 MálagaSpain departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Universidad de Córdoba14071CórdobaSpain

Firmness is one of the most important fruit quality traits in *** postharvest shelf life of this soft fruit is highly limited by the loss of firmness,where cell wall disassembly plays an important *** studies demonstrated that the polygalacturonase FaPG1 has a key role in remodelling pectins during strawberry *** this study,FaPG1 knockout strawberry plants have been generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system delivered via Agrobacterium *** independent lines,cv.“Chandler”,were obtained,and all of them were successfully edited as determined by PCR amplification and T7 endonuclease *** targeted mutagenesis insertion and deletion rates were analyzed using targeted deep *** percentage of edited sequences varied from 47%up to almost 100%,being higher than 95%for seven of the selected *** analyses showed that 7 out of the eight lines analyzed produced fruits significantly firmer than the control,ranging from 33 to 70%increase in *** was a positive relationship between the degree of FaPG1 editing and the rise in fruit *** changes were observed in other fruit quality traits,such as colour,soluble solids,titratable acidity or anthocyanin *** fruits showed a reduced softening rate during postharvest,displayed a reduced transpirational water loss,and were less damaged by botrytis cinerea *** analysis of four potential off-target sites revealed no mutation *** conclusion,editing the FaPG1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an efficient method for improving strawberry fruit firmness and shelf life.

关键词： fir straw PG1

Tree phenology along a successional gradient of tropical Atlantic Forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 272-280页

作者： Fernanda C.G.Cardoso Victor P.Zwiener Marcia C.M.Marques Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal Departamento de BotânicaSetor de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do ParanáCaixa Postal 1903181531-980CuritibaPRBrazil

Aims Changes in habitat characteristics and species composition in suc-cessional gradients could determine temporal variation in phenol-ogy of second-growth *** evaluated phenological patterns in tree species occurring in successional forests in southern Brazil,aiming to assess community changes along *** tested for general patterns and phenophase seasonality of trees of forests in successional stages and for differences in occurrence,concentra-tion,frequency and duration of *** Vegetative(flushing and leaf-fall)and reproductive(flowering and fruiting)phenophases of 149 individuals of 29 tree species were monitored monthly,for 2 years,in a successional gradient:early-(~10 years),mid-(~30 years)and late-successional(>80 years)forests in southern *** Findings Forests in the successional gradient exhibited shared frequency and duration of phenological phases,probably due to climatic or historical constraints in ***,we found differences in the rate of occurrence and concentration of phenological phases,suggesting that habitat changes caused by succession and species turnover are additional factors affecting phenological patterns in tropical forests.

关键词： Brazil circular analysis phenological patterns succession

Genetic variation in the reduction of attractive floral traits of an annual tarweed in response to drought and apical damage

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第5期9卷 629-635页

作者： Wilfredo L.Gonzáles Lorena H.Suárez Ernesto Gianoli Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva LIDFacultad de Ciencias y FilosofíaUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLimaPerú departamento de Ecología P.Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile departamento de Biología Universidad de La SerenaLa SerenaChile departamento de botánica Universidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile

Aims Foliar herbivory and water stress may affect floral traits attractive to *** genotypes may differ in their responses to the interplay between these factors,and evolution of phenotypic plasticity could be expected,particularly in heterogeneous *** aimed at evaluating the effects of simulated herbivory and experimental drought on floral traits attractive to pollinators in genetic families of the annual tarweed Madia sativa,which inhabits heterogeneous environments in terms of water availability,herbivore abundance and pollinator *** In a greenhouse experiment with 15 inbred lines from a *** population located in central Chile(Mediterranean-type climate),we measured the effects of apical bud damage and reduced water availability on:number of ray florets per flower head,length of ray florets,flower head diameter,number of open flower heads per plant,flowering plant height and flowering *** Findings Apical damage and water shortage reduced phenotypic expression of floral traits attractive to pollinators via additive and non-additive *** in low water showed decreased height and had fewer and shorter ray florets,and fewer and smaller flower *** plants showed delayed flowering,were less tall,and showed shorter ray florets and smaller flower *** number of ray florets was reduced by damage only in the low water *** height,flowering time and number of flower heads showed among-family *** traits also showed genetic variation for plasticity to water *** floret length,flower head size and time to flowering showed genetic variation for plastic responses to apical *** in flowering time may allow *** to adjust to the increased aridity foreseen for its *** genetic variation for plastic responses was detected,conditions are given for evolutionary responses to selective forces acting on plastic *** suggest that the evolution o

关键词： flower genetic variation herbivory phenotypic plasticity water availability

Antifeedant Activity of Caesalpinia coriaria Essential Oil Against Incisitermes marginipennis (Latreille)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental botany 2021年第3期90卷 907-920页

作者： Cesar B.Ramírez-López Rita Beltrán-Sánchez Alistair Hernández-Izquierdo JoséLuis Salvador-Hernández Eduardo Salcedo-Pérez Rosa E.del Río Mauro M.Martínez Pacheco Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia58030Mexico departamento de botánica y Zoología CUCBA Universidad de GuadalajaraNextipac45200Mexico

This study scrutinized the possibility of finding toxicant or deterrent plant metabolites against the dry wood termite Incisitermes marginipennis(Latreille).Plant deterrent agents act as repellents or antifeedants to prevent wood decay and increase its useful *** potential of the tree Caesalpinia coriaria(Fabaceae)as a biological source of molecules with deterrent effects against the dry wood termite was assessed by a phytochemical fractionation guided by repellence and antifeedant *** gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the leaf essential oil showed geraniol to be one of the major components and its repellent and antifeedant effects were *** had only an antifeedant effect without affecting the body weight or survival of the dry wood *** the leaf essential oil,geraniol did not exhibit a repellency *** in-silico approach of the activity of acetylcholinesterase in interaction with geraniol resulted in an affinity energy of−7.5 Kcal/*** interacted with the amino acid tyrosine 324 located in the enzyme’s active site while citronellol(negative control)interacted with tryptophan 83 located adjacent to the active *** deterring terpenes have not been implemented for the preservation and restoration of wood products exposed to the attack of the dry wood ***,they are an important natural control alternative.

关键词： Termite geraniol repellent antifeedant deterrent

Indirect facilitation by a liana might explain the dominance of a small tree in a temperate forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第4期11卷 604-612页

作者： Jaime Madrigal-González Rodrigo S.Rios Cristina F.Aragón Ernesto Gianoli Grupo de Ecología Forestal y Restauración Departamento de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad de Alcaláctra.Madrid-Barcelona km 33.428805Alcaláde HenaresSpain departamento de Biología Universidad de La SerenaCasilla 554 La SerenaChile departamento de botánica Universidad de ConcepciónCasilla 160-C ConcepciónChile

Aims Lianas are expected to influence composition,structure and func-tioning of forest systems due to unequal distribution across the potential set of host ***,our understanding of mecha-nisms associated with preferences for specific hosts is still limited,and so is our ability to discern between endogenous and exogenous forces driving forest dynamics in the long *** this paper,we eval-uated whether the dominant liana Hedera helix can indirectly con-tribute to the eventual dominance of the small multi-stemmed tree Corylus avellana in a remnant temperate forest in central Iberian Peninsula from comparatively reduced liana infestation on ***-lana relative to co-occurring woody *** through principal component analysis and co-occurrence ana-lysis,we studied the distribution and spatial association between woody species and the liana *** analyzed the relationship between the number of species in a plot and the number of species infested by the liana to test the hypothesis that *** is a gen-eralist *** generalized linear mixed models,we tested the dynamic-multi-stemmed growth form of *** as a plaus-ible life strategy to withstand,in the long run,the liana *** particular,we tested(i)the relationship between stem size and the probability of *** infestation including all the tree species within plots and(ii)the relationship between stem size and mortal-ity as evidence of the stem turn over in the tree *** Findings Our results indicate that *** and *** significantly co-occur in mature stands of this remnant temperate forest where pion-eer woody species are *** helix severely infests all the woody species whenever stem size exceed≈25 cm perimeter and there is physical contact at the base of the *** implies that all the trees in the community are potential hosts for *** models indicate that both,infestation by *** and stem mortality,are positively re

关键词： indirect facilitation species coexistence species dominance competition liana infestation