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10-Years Land Use Changes decrease Landscape Integrity in a Brazilian Hydrographic Basin

Journal of Geographic Information System 2017年第2期9卷 221-243页

作者： Luciana S. Estevam Julia Arieira Peter Zeilhofer Débora F. Calheiros Enviromental Sciences Universidade de Cuiabá (UNIC) Cuiabá Brazil departamento de Ciências Ambientais Universidade de Cuiabá (UNIC)Cuiabá Brazil Instituto de geografia História e Documenta&ccedil &atilde o Departamento de Geografia Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) Cuiabá Brazil Instituto de geografia História e Documenta&ccedil &atilde o Departamento de Geografia Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) Cuiabá Brazil. Embrapa Pantanal Corumbá Brazil

Changes in land use associated with the suppression of native vegetation can greatly alter the landscape configuration, affecting biodiversity and environmental services availability. This study analyzes how changes in land use affect landscape patterns of vegetation remnant over a 10 year period. We quantified spatial landscape patterns throughout a hydrographic basin for the years 2002, 2008, 2010 and 2012, using nine landscape metrics. An indicator of integrity was used to details the transformation processes occurring in the basin that could be used to monitor the impact of landscape changes and its spatial patterning. Results showed that over this decade, extension of farming activities reduced the cover of native vegetation by 4.4%, with grassy-woody savanna, wooded savanna and forested savanna impacted especially strongly. Suppression of vegetation across this period reduced the size of fragments and their connectivity. The landscape fragmentation indicator indicated that the fragmentation pattern varied spatially, with the upland areas along river headwaters, being most fragmented. Areas of floodplains vegetation, belonged to the Pantanal Wetland, although in better integrity states, are the most threatened by current pressures of land use change. An intense recovery program for headwaters and aquifer recharge areas, as well as riparian forests, is recommended to avoid the future depletion of water production. Besides, we also recommend the maintenance and recovering of the connectivity of the current remaining patches of natural vegetation corridors and elaboration of specific laws that incoporate the consolidated scientific knowladge about wetland ecosystem functioning, like the Pantanal.

关键词： Connectivity GIS Metrics Catchment Area Fragmentation Remnant Vegetation

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Mid and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： Jose M.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasmina SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROMERA Penelope GONZALEZ-SAMPERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA Jose ARNAEZ Paz COBA-PEREZ Amelia GOMEZ-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-MARTINEZ Noemi LANA-RENAULT Estela PEREZ-CARDIEL Carlos LOPEZ de CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experimental de Aula dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico departamento de geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain department of Geography and Land Management University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenomenon, although for most mountain areas the timing of deforestation has not been determined. The presence of charcoal fragments in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión Mountains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern massifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, demanda, Neila, and Cebollera massifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached almost the highest divides(at approximately 2100–2200 m a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transformation of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Middle Ages. Forest clearing was probably moderate during fires prior to the Middle Ages, as the small size of the sheep herds and the local character of the markets only required small clearings, and therefore more limited fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the management of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the Middle and Modern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected most of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhumance, as occurred in other mountains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Roman Period cannot be ruled out, the most extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from the Middle Ages until recent times.

关键词： Forest fires Holocene Subalpinegrasslands Shallow landslides Landscape changes Iberian Range

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Evaluating the role of fire over a decade in a tropical mountainous forestgrassland mosaic

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第12期21卷 4191-4207页

作者： Juliana KUCHENBECKER Yumi OKI Flávio CAMAROTA Frederico S.NEVES Diego R.MACEDO Bárbara SILVA FERREIRA Ramiro AGUILAR Lorena ASHWORTH Ezequiel FABIANO Bárbara DIAS ARAÚJO Amanda PONCE de LEON Bruna RIBEIRO SILVA Thamyris BRAGIONI Fernando FIGUEIREDO GOULART JoséEugênio CÔRTES FIGUEIRA Geraldo WILSON FERNANdeS departamento de Genética Ecologia e EvoluçãoInstituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais-UFMGBelo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação Biodiversidade e Uso de Recursos Naturais Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros-UNIMONTESMontes ClarosMG 39401-089Brazil departamento de geografia Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais-UFMGBelo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal CONICET-Universidad Nacional de CórdobaX5000JJCCórdobaArgentina department of Wildlife Management and Ecotourism University of NamibiaKatima MuliloKatima Mulilo 20001Namíbia departamento de Botânica Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais-UFMGBelo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil Knowledge Center for Biodiversity Belo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil

Forest-grassland mosaics comprise a major component of tropical landscapes,hosting invaluable biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services to hundreds of millions of people *** open biomes often benefit from disturbance,forests can particularly be susceptible to structural changes resulting from such *** we evaluate the influence of fire on the structure and landscape properties within natural forest islands immersed in a matrix of megadiverse montane *** conducted this study in 15 forest islands located in southeastern Brazil,assessing its fire frequency,intensity,and post-fire time over an eleven-year period from January 2012 to december *** results show that fire frequency is linked to soil characteristics and the percentage of herbaceous cover within the forest *** also found that the post-fire time is related to the percentage cover of the forest islands’associated herbs and ***,neither fire frequency,intensity,nor post-fire time was connected to significant changes in plant species richness,abundance,or in the upper vegetation strata(tree species richness and abundance,and canopy cover)in the interior of the forest ***,these fire-related variables did not result in temporal changes in the forest island’s canopy variation or landscape *** results underscore a low fire frequency and intensity within our study area,potentially explaining the limited fire-associated impact,and primarily on the lower vegetation *** acknowledging the relative stability of these forest islands under current fire regimes,we suggest further studies that can experimentally manipulate not only fire but also other anthropic disturbances for understanding the temporal dynamics of the forest islands and,consequently,their *** perspective is indispensable for comprehensively understanding the ecological consequences of anthropogenic disturbances in natural forest islands.

关键词： Campo Rupestre Fire Ecology Forest islands Mountain ecosystems Remote Sensing Serra do Cipó

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Evaluating the applicability of the water erosion prediction project(WEPP)model to runoff and soil loss of sandstone reliefs in the Loess Plateau,China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 240-250页

作者： Ruipeng Zhu Yang Yu Jiongchang Zhao Dianjun Liu Siyu Cai Juanlong Feng Jesús Rodrigo-Comino School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station CNERNSchool of Soil and Water ConservationBejing Forestry UniversityBejing100083China Inner Mongolia Hydraulic Research Institute Hohhot010051China department of Water Resources China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBejing100038China departamento de Analisis Geografico Regional y geografia Fisica Facultad de Filosofiay LetrasCampus Universitario de CartujaUniversity of Granada

Soil erosion is one of the most serious environmental issues,especially in vulnerable areas such as the Pisha sandstone regions located in the Loess Plateau(China).In these types of reliefs,long-term studies monitoring runoff and soil loss are scarce,and even more considering the efficiency of different soil management techniques applied to reduce land *** this study,seven years(2014-2020)of in-situ measurements of surface runoff and soil loss for different land uses(forestland,shrubland,grassland,farmland,and bare land)in a Pisha Sandstone environment at the Loess Plateau were *** applied the Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model combining the large database with the precipitation *** results showed that runoff volume coming from observed and simulated data exhibited significant differences among them depending on the different vegetation *** and soil loss were different among diverse land use types as follows:farmland>grassland>shrubland>*** conducting a calibration,we found satisfactorily simulated surface runoff and sediment yield based on precipitation regimes and land uses at sandstone *** performance of surface runoff was better than sediment *** range of standard error of the model simulation for event and annual values of runoff were 4.71 mm and 12.19 mm,*** standard error for event and annual values of soil loss were 4.19 t/hm^(2)and 21.86 t/hm^(2).In the calibration group,R2 of runoff and soil loss were 0.92 and 0.86 respectively,while Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient(E)reached 0.90 and 0.85,*** the validation group,the R2 for both runoff and soil loss were 0.82 and 0.56,***-Sutcliffe coefficient(E)were 0.77 and 0.54 for the runoff and sediment *** concluded that using a detailed monitoring dataset,the WEPP model could accu-rately simulate and predict water erosion in the hillslopes of Pisha sandstone area.

关键词： Land use Precipitation regimes Hydrological modeling Runoff Soil loss

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Mapping sediment mobilization risks:Prioritizing results obtained at watershed and sub-watershed scales

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第3期12卷 600-614页

作者： Ataollah Kavian Seyedeh Nastaran Mirzaei Bahram Choubin Mahin Kalehhouei Jesús Rodrigo-Comino department of Watershed Management Faculty of Natural ResourcesSari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University(SANRU)Sari48181-68984Iran West Azarbajan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research DepartmentAREEoUrmiaIran department of Watershed Management Sciences and Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares University(TMU)NourMazandaranIran departamento de Analisis Geografico Regional y geografia Fisica Facultad de Filosofia y LetrasCampus Universitario de CartujaUniversity of Granada18071GranadaSpain

Soils are key natural resources for the Earth's system;however,human impacts,especially,soil erosion are considered serious ***,identifying and assessing effective factors to understand erosion hot spots at different scales is critical to developing effective land management plans and ensuring the sustainability of the *** study was conducted to determine and prepare an erosion risk map,but to prioritize the survey at different scales,such as sub-basin and watershed *** achieve this goal,geographic information system(GIS)and remote sensing data(RS)were used combining the analysis network process method(ANP)and ICONA model(Institute for the Conservation of Nature).As study case,we selected the degraded areas of the Gorganrood watershed located in the north of *** study area was obtained for very low,low,medium,high,and very high-risk classi-fications of 14.0,21.4,17.9,31.3,and 15.4%,*** from the ICONA model also indicated that 12.8,28.8,22.1,27.9,8.5,and 0.03%belong to very low,low,medium,high,very high,and without risk of erosion,*** to the validation results,it was found that the accuracy of ANP and ICONA models are 0.83 and 0.80,respectively,which indicates the suitability of the models for preparing the erosion map of the region is appropriate and useful for designing land management *** conclude that both models can be used to develop the erosion map potential and to prioritize sub-basins if a complete database of geomorphological characteriscs and human activities are accurate previously defined.

关键词： Analysis network process method Natural hazards Land management Land uses Land degradation

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What physical habitat factors determine the distribution of gastropods in neotropical headwater streams?

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第4期1卷 61-67页

作者： Marden S.Linares Diego R.Macedo Rodrigo L.Massara Marcos Callisto Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciencias BiologicasDepartamento de GeneticaEcologia e EvoluçaoLaboratorio de Ecologia de BentosAv.Antonio Carlos 6627PampulhaCP 486Belo HorizonteMGCEP 30270-901Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de GeocienciasDepartamento de GeografiaAv.Antonio Carlos 6627PampulhaBelo HorizonteMGCEP 30270-901Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciencias BiologicasDepartamento de GeneticaEcologia e EvoluçaoLaboratorio de Ecologia e ConservaçaoPrograma de Pos-graduaçao em EcologiaConservaçao e Manejo da Vida SilvestreAv.Antonio Carlos 6627PampulhaCP 486Belo HorizonteMGCEP 30270-901Brazil Instituto SerraDiCal de Pesquisa e Conservaçao Rua Jose Hemeterio de AndradeNo.570BuritisBelo HorizonteMGCEP 30493-180Brazil

Freshwater gastropods play a pivotal role in the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems,but despite their importance,there are still gaps in their *** goal was to understand what physical habitat factors are the most important for the distribution of freshwater gastropods in headwater stream ecosystems in the Neotropical Savanna and provide a baseline for conservation and management efforts for freshwater gastropods in this *** identified five taxa,each with different environmental *** presence related negatively with stream slope,Biomphalaria presence related positively with total dissolved solids and the proportions of cobble,fine sediment and organic *** presence correlated positively with elevation and the proportion of pools in the *** presence related negatively with total dissolved solids and positively with *** tuberculata presence correlated positively with the proportion of coarse *** results highlight the challenge for protecting native freshwater gastropod assemblages(and managing non-native invasive species),because environmental preferences vary widely amongst taxa and most are vulnerable to common anthropogenic disturbances.

关键词： Lotic ecosystems Alien species Water quality Freshwater gastropod conservation

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Influence of the Macronutrients N, P and K on the Agarophyte <i>Alsidium triquetrum</i>(S. G. Gmelin) Trevisan, during Experimental Culture

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第4期12卷 573-585页

作者： Ruben Cabrera Arsenio J. Areces Jhoana Díaz-Larrea Laura Nuñez García J. Ricardo Cruz-Aviña Gabinete de Arqueología Oficina del Historiador de la Ciudad Habana Vieja Cuba Instituto de geografia Tropical Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología y Medio Ambiente Ciudad Habana Cuba Unidad Iztapalapa Departamento de Hidrobiología Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Cd de México México departamento de Recursos Naturales Academia de Investigación y Ciencia Universidad Tecnológica de Calakmul Calakmul México

The knowledge of the nutritional requirements and their relation to the physiology of marine algae growth is key to incorporate new species into aquaculture, whose dynamics tend to be largely unknown. The use of Alsidium triquetrum in the pharmacological industry depends on its availability in the natural environment, occasionally scarce. As macroalgae cultivation gains momentum worldwide, it is important to know how the effects of nutrients are modulated in the thallus during cultivation. The linking of the relative growth rates (RGR) of A. triquetrum and their relation with the macronutrients N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) at the tissue level under culture conditions constitutes the main contribution of this article. P levels tend to decrease as the plant completes its development. Both the concentration of N and P are higher in the stipe for the month of July, N (25.31 ± 0.26) vs P (0.846 ± 0.02) period when the highest vegetative development is reached. The N and P modulate the patterns of the species’ development over the annual cycle, unlike K, which is not considered a limiting factor. When the temperature and lighting are not favorable for growth, the plant simply accumulates these compounds. As environmental conditions change, these stored compounds are actively used in their growth. The specimens with an initial weight of 50 g present the best accumulated biomass (RGR) throughout the annual cycle.

关键词： Alsidium triquetrum Culture Phosphorus Macronutrients Nitrogen Potassium Growth Rate

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Geospatiality of climate change perceptions on coastal regions:A systematic bibliometric analysis

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第3期1卷 209-219页

作者： Melgris José Becerra Marcia Aparecida Pimentel Everaldo Barreiros de Souza Gabriel Ibrahin Tovar Universidade Federal do Pará(UFPA) Instituto de GeocinciasBelém CEP 60440-554Brazil Universidade Federal do Pará(UFPA) Programa de Pós-graduao em GeografiaBelém CEP 60440-554Brazil Universidad de Buenos Aires(UBA) Facultad de Farmacia y BioquímicaDepartamento de Química Analítica y FisicoquímicaBuenos Aires C1113AADArgentina CONICET−Universidad de Buenos Aires(UBA).Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco(IQUIMEFA) Buenos Aires C1111AAIArgentina

Climate change requires joint actions between government and local *** the perception of people and communities is critical for designing climate change adaptation *** most affected by climate change are populations in coastal regions that face extreme weather events and sea-level *** this article,geospatial perception of climate change is identified,and the research parameters are *** addition to investigating the correlations of hotspots on the topic of climate change perception with a focus on coastal communities,Natural Language Processing(NLP)was used to examine the research interactions.A total of 27,138 articles sources from Google Scholar and Scopus were analyzed.A systematic method was used for data processing combining bibliometric analysis and machine *** trends were analyzed in English,Spanish and *** in English(87%)were selected for network and data mining *** of the research was conducted in the USA,followed by India and *** main research methods were identified through correlation *** many cases,social studies of perception are related to climatic methods and vegetation analysis supported by *** analysis of keywords identified ten research topics:adaptation,risk,community,local,impact,livelihood,farmer,household,strategy,and variability.“Adaptation”is in the core of the correlation network of all *** interdisciplinary analysis between social and environmental factors,suggest improvements are needed for research in this field.A single method cannot address understanding of a phenomenon as complicated as the *** study provides valuable information for future research by clarifying the current context of perception work carried out in the coastal regions;and identifying the tools best suited for carrying out this type of research.

关键词： Climate change Perception Coastal Machine learning Big data

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The assessment of climatic,environmental,and socioeconomic aspects of the Brazilian Cerrado

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 274-285页

作者： Washington Luiz Félix Correia Filho JoséFrancisco de Oliveira-Júnior Dimas de Barros Santiago Hazem Ghassan Abdo Hussein Almohamad Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi Carlos Antonio da Silva Junior Postgraduate Program in Environmentrics(PPGAmb) Institute of MathematicsStatisticsand Physics(IMEF)Federal University of Rio Grande(FURG)Rio GrandeRio Grande do Sul 96203-900Brazil Institute of Atmospheric Sciences(ICAT) Federal University of Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAlagoas 57072-260Brazil Postgraduate Program in Biosystems Engineering(PGEB) Federal Fluminense University(UFF)NiteróiRio de Janeiro 24220-900Brazil Postgraduate Program in Meteorology Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Atmosféricas(UACA)Federal University of Campina Grande(UFCG)Campina GrandeParaíba 58429-140Brazil Geography department Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesTartous UniversityTartousSyria Geography department Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesDamascus UniversityDamascusSyria Geography department Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesTishreen UniversityLat-takiaSyria department of Geography College of Arabic Language and Social StudiesQassim UniversityBuraydah 51452Saudi Arabia departamento de geografia State University of Mato Grosso(UNEMAT)SinopMato Grosso 78555-000Brazil

Background The Cerrado is the most biodiverse savanna and maintains other *** of its significance,this paper evaluated the Brazilian Cerrado’s climatic,environmental,and socioeconomic aspects using remote sensing data and spatial statistics(correlation analysis and principal components analysis—PCA).Following the measures of sample adequacy(MSA)and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin(KMO)tests,seventeen variables were *** The MSA revealed that the dataset had a good quality(0.76),and nine variables were selected:elevation,evapotranspiration,active fires,Human development Index(HDI),land use and land cover(LULC;shrubland and cropland/rainfed),rainfall(spring and autumn),and *** correlation matrix indicated a positive(negative)association between HDI and autumn rainfall(HDI and active fires)with a value of 0.77(-0.55).The PCA results determined which three principal components(PC)were adequate for extracting spatial patterns,accounting for 68.02%of the total variance with respective values of 38.59%,16.89%,and 12.5%.Due to economic development and agribusiness,Cerrado’s northern(central,western,and southern)areas had negative(positive)score HDI values,as shown in ***(rainfall—spring and fall)and environmental(cropland/rainfed and shrubland)aspects dominated the PC2,with negative scores in northern and western portions due to the transition zone between Amazon and Cerrado biomes caused by rainfall *** the other hand,environmental aspects(LULC-shrubland and elevation)influenced the PC3;areas with high altitudes(>500 m)received a higher *** Agricultural expansion substantially affected LULC,leading to deforestation-caused suppression of native vegetation.

关键词： Environment Agribusiness Active fire Human development Index Land use and land cover

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The Pattern of Sediment Dispersion in the Front Sector of the Stenhouse and Ajax Glaciers, Visca Anchorage, King George Island, Antarctica

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第12期5卷 1509-1520页

作者： Beatriz Ferraz Scigliano Kátia Kellem da Rosa Ana Teresa Cordeiro Cid Bastos Elisabete de Santis Braga Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de Sao Paulo Laboratório de Nutrientes Micronutrientes e Elementos Traco nos Oceanos—Praca do Oceanográfico 191 CEP 055-8-120 Cidade Universitária Sao Paulo Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul UFRGS Centro Polar e Climático—CPC Departamento de Geografia—Instituto de Geociências Av. Bento Goncalves 9500 Porto Alegre Brazil

This study investigated the dispersal pattern of suspended sediment in the areas near the Stenhouse and Ajax glaciers, Visca Anchorage, Martel Inlet, King George Island, Antarctica. This study was conducted using visible band processing of Quickbird high-resolution spatial images obtained in October 2006. The methodology was also based on the collection and interpretation of data obtained from water samples collected in Admiralty Bay in december 2004. The digital processing of satellite images was performed using a classification method based on the reflectance characteristics of water. The classified images improved visual identification of the dispersion pattern of suspended sediments in the study area. These data were related to the interpretation of analyses conducted on suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the water. The sediment dispersal pattern observed may be associated with glacial erosion processes, their input of meltwater from the front of the glaciers into the study area, detritus flow processes and glaciomarine circulation in the region.

关键词： Remote Sensing Glaciomarine Circulation Suspended Sediment

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