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Effect of silymarin on biochemical indicators in patients with liver disease: systematic review with meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第27期23卷 5004-5017页

作者： Camila Ribeiro de Avelar Emile Miranda Pereira Priscila Ribas de Farias Costa Rosangela Passos de Jesus Lucivalda Pereira Magalhaes de Oliveira Postgraduation Program Federal University of Bahia departament of science Nutrition Federal University of Bahia

To evaluate the effect of silymarin on the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (γGT) in patients with liver diseases. METHODSA systematic review with meta-analysis of ramdomized and controlled clinical trials was performed, evaluating the effects of sylimarin in patients with hepatic diseases, published by January 31, 2016. Clinical trials were sought on the basis of The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of science, Lilacs and Clinical Trials. The trials with adult and elderly patients of both sexes, with Liver Diseases who took oral silymarin supplementation, as extract or isolated, as well as Silymarin combined with other nutrients, were included. The trials should provide information about the intervention, such as dosages and detailing of the product used, besides the mean and standard deviation of serum levels of ALT, AST and γGT of the baseline and at the end of the intervention. RESULTSAn amount of 10904 publications were identified. From those, only 17 were included in the systematic review and 6 in the meta-analysis, according to the used selection criteria. In this meta-analysis, the results indicated a reduction of 0.26 IU/mL (95%CI: -0.46-0.07, P = 0.007) at the level of ALT and 0.53 IU/mL (95%CI: -0.74-0.32, P = 0.000) at the serum levels of AST after using the silymarin, both, statistically significant, but with no clinical relevance. There was no significant change in the γGT levels. Subgroup analyzes were also performed for the biochemical markers in relation to the type of intervention, whether silymarin isolated or associated with other nutrients and the time of intervention (whether ≥ 6 mo or < 6 mo). Significant differences were not found. The evaluated studies presented a high degree of heterogeneity and low methodological quality in the carried out analysis. CONCLUSIONSilymarin minimally reduced, but w

关键词： Systematic review Liver diseases Milk thistle Silymarin Meta-analysis

BASKETBALL SCORING IN NBA GAMES:AN EXAMPLE OF COMPLEXITY

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2013年第1期26卷 94-103页

作者： DE SA GUERRA Yves MARTíN GONZALEZ Juan Manuel SARMIENTO MONTESDEOCA Samuel RODRIGUEZ RUIZ David ARJONILLA LóPEZ Nieves GARCíA-MANSO Juan Manuel departament of Phisical Education University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria departament of Physics University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Scoring in a basketball game is a highly dynamic, non-linear process. NBA teams try to be more and more competitive each season. For instance, they incorporate into their rosters the best players in the world. This and other mechanisms concur to make the scoring process in NBA games exciting and rarely predictable. This paper is to study the behavior of timing and scoring in basketball gaines. The authors analyze all the games in five NBA regular seasons （2005-06, 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09, 2009-10）, for a total of 6150 games. Scoring does not behave uniformly; therefore, the authors also analyze the distributions of the differences in points in the basketball games. To further analyze the behavior of the tail of the distribution, the authors also carry out a semilog-plot and a log-log plot to verify whether this trend approaches a Poisson distribution or a PL. This paper reveals different areas of behavior related to the score, with specific instances of time that could be considered tipping points of the game. The presence of these critical points suggests that there are phase transitions where the dynamic scoring of the games varies significantly.

关键词： Complexity NBA non-linear Poisson power law.

Subtle Variations in Surface Properties of Black Silicon Surfaces Influence the Degree of Bactericidal Efficiency

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第2期10卷 239-246页

作者： Chris M.Bhadra Marco Werner Vladimir A.Baulin Vi Khanh Truong Mohammad Al Kobaisi Song Ha Nguyen Armandas Balcytis Saulius Juodkazis James Y.Wang David E.Mainwaring Russell J.Crawford Elena P.Ivanova School of science Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology departament d’Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i Virgili Melbourne Center for Nanofabrication School of science RMIT University

One of the major challenges faced by the biomedical industry is the development of robust synthetic surfaces that can resist bacterial colonization. Much inspiration has been drawn recently from naturally occurring mechano-bactericidal surfaces such as the wings of cicada(Psaltoda claripennis) and dragonfly(Diplacodes bipunctata) species in fabricating their synthetic analogs. However,the bactericidal activity of nanostructured surfaces is observed in a particular range of parameters reflecting the geometry of nanostructures and surface wettability. Here,several of the nanometer-scale characteristics of black silicon(bSi) surfaces including the density and height of the nanopillars that have the potential to influence the bactericidal efficiency of these nanostructured surfaces have been investigated. The results provide important evidence that minor variations in the nanoarchitecture of substrata can substantially alter their performance as bactericidal surfaces.

关键词： Black silicon Nanoarchitecture Bactericidal efficiency Deep reactive ion etching(DRIE) Neural network analysis

Down-and up-conversion processes in Nd^(3+)/Yb^(3+)co-doped sodium calcium silicate glasses with concomitant Yb^(2+)assessment

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 342-348,I0001页

作者： R.F.Muniz V.S.Zanuto M.S.Gibin J.V.Gunha A.Novatski J.H.Rohling A.N.Medina M.L.Baesso departament of science State University of MaringáAv.Reitor Zeferino Vaz s/nGoioerê87360-000PRBrazil departament of Physics State University of MaringáAv.Colombo 5790Maringá87020-900PRBrazil departament of Physics State University of Ponta GrossaAv.Carlos Cavalcanti4748Ponta Grossa 84030-900PRBrazil

Novel Nd^(3+)/Yb^(3+)co-doped sodium calcium silicate glasses were prepared by melting quenching method:Spectroscopic study was carried out as a function of doping content by fixing sensitizer(Nd^(3+))concentration to 0.2 mol%and adjusting activator(Yb^(3+))from 0 to 1.0 mol%.The energy transfer(ET)mechanisms between Nd^(3+)and Yb^(3+)are discussed based on their energy levels and excitation powerdependence emission *** show that the presence of Yb^(2+)might be considered for the Nd^(3+)-free and co-doped *** ET was confirmed by the down-conversion NIR emission spectra of the doped and co-doped samples under excitation at 808 *** mechanisms observed seem to involve only one VIS absorbed photon for each NIR emitted via direct energy transfer between^(4)F_(3/2)of Nd^(2+)and^(2)F_(5/2)of Yb^(3+)compensated by phonon assistance due to energy gap between these *** efficiency of ET increases with the ytterbium content up to almost 90%for the sample with 1 mol%of Yb2O3,which was evaluated by lifetime ***-conversion photoluminescence by exciting trivalent ions of neodymium(808 nm)and ytterbium(975 nm)is *** observed up-converted emission bands are related to the 4f-4f transitions of Nd^(3+)and the spin-forbidden 5d-4f transition of Yb^(2+).Nd^(3+)upconversion emission is observed under 975 nm excitation,presenting an almost quadratic emission dependence with power excitation,which suggests that two laser photons participate in the up-conversion(UC)process,showing that ET occurs by a phonon-assisted energy transfer and cooperative energy transfer.

关键词： Solar cells Energy transfer Glassy systems Rare earths

Sediment transport mechanisms and selective removal of soil particles under unsteady-state conditions in a sheet erosion system

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第2期37卷 151-161页

作者： Elham Sirjani Majid Mahmoodabadi Artemi Cerdà Department of Soil science Faculty of Agriculture Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman departament de Geografia Universitat de València

Selective removal of particles and nutrients by water erosion is a key factor in soil erosion *** agricultural soils are located on gentle slopes where fertility is high;however,until now,the main attention on sediment transport mechanisms was paid to high-slope gradients,where soil erosion is intense,but soils are less *** the importance of sediment size distribution(SSD) and transport mechanisms under unsteady-state conditions,few studies have been done on this *** sediment concentrations in the early stages of the runoff indicate the need to deal with unsteady-state *** address this issue,sheet erosion experiments were done using a 0.2 m by 1 m tilting flume under controlled laboratory *** inflow rates(75,100,125,150,175,and 200 mL/s) were applied on two contrasting soils,including an adjacent agricultural soil and a not cultivated soil(namely Cropland soil and Control soil,respectively) at two low slope gradients(1.5% and 2%).No rill formation was observed during the *** sediment-laden runoff was sampled during unsteady-state flow to determine the SSDs and sediment transport mechanisms of eroded particles for unsteadystate *** results indicated different trends in the selective removal of sediment particles depending on hydraulic conditions and soil aggregate *** contribution of suspension-saltation(SS)to the total sediment load for the Cropland and Control soils varied from 22% to 68% and from 35% to 59%,respectively,while up to 78% and 65% of soil particles were transported by bed load(BL),***,SS and BL indicated a reverse trend with stream *** Cropland soil showed a single peak in the SSD at low stream powers because of the selective removal of fine particles(0.042 mm),whereas the SSD was shifted to a bimodal distribution at higher stream powers with the selective depletion of both fine(≤0.084 mm) and coarse(1.5 mm) *** Control soil experienced a

关键词： Aggregate breakdown Bed load Stream power Suspension-saltation Tilting flume

Bias-Free Solar-to-Hydrogen Conversion in a BiVO_(4)/PM6:Y6 Compact Tandem with Optically Balanced Light Absorption

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 231-238页

作者： Catarina G.Ferreira Constanza Sansierra Francisco Bernal-Texca Mingyu Zhang Carles Ros Jordi Martorell ICFO-Institut de CiAencies FotAoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyCastelldefels 08860BarcelonaSpain departament de FAısica Universitat PolitAecnica de CatalunyaTerrassa 08222Spain

The high voltage required to overcome the thermodynamic threshold and the complicated kinetics of the water splitting reaction limit the efficiency of single semiconductor-based photoelectrochemistry.A semiconductor/solar cell tandem structure has been theoretically demonstrated as a viable path to achieve an efficient direct transformation of sunlight into chemical ***,compact designs exhibiting the indispensable optimally balanced light absorption have not been *** the current work,we design and implement a compact tandem providing the complementary absorption of a highly transparent BiVO_(4)photoanode and a PM6:Y6 solar *** bandgap combination approaches the optimal to reach the solar-to-hydrogen(STH)conversion upper limit for tandem photoelectrochemical cells(PECs).We demonstrate that,by using a photonic multilayer structure to adequately balance sunlight absorption among both tandem materials,a 25%increase in the bias-free STH conversion can be achieved,setting a clear path to take compact tandem PECs to the theoretical limit performance.

关键词： bismuth vanadate compact tandem organic solar cells photonic multilayers solar-to-hydrogen conversion

Morphological,physiological and biochemical traits of Cordia trichotoma under phosphorous application and a water-retaining polymer

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 855-865页

作者： Álvaro Luís Pasquetti Berghetti Maristela Machado Araujo Luciane Almeri Tabaldi Felipe Turchetto Suelen Carpenedo Aimi Daniele Guarienti Rorato Carina Marchezan Adriana Maria Griebeler Felipe Manzoni Barbosa Gustavo Brunetto Department of Forest science Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaBrazil Department of Soil science Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaBrazil Biology departament Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaBrazil

The application of phosphorus(P)and a waterretaining polymer to the soil can increase the availability of P for Cordia trichotoma,having a positive effect on the *** objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics of *** plants were cultivated in a red argisol and treated with 120,240 and 360 kg P2O5 ha^(−1)and no phosphorous addition as a control,in the presence(5 g L^(−1)per seedling)and absence of a water-retaining *** months after planting,survival,height,stem diameter,shoot and root dry matter,leaf area,photosynthetic pigment concentration,chlorophyll a fluorescence,acid phosphatase enzyme activity(APase)and P in tissues and soil were *** polymer had no effect on survival and the other *** addition of P increased growth,dry matter production,photosynthetic pigment concentrations,the use of light energy and maximum quantum yield of photosystem *** cultivated in soil with 240 kg P2O5 ha^(−1)application had 4.7 and 5.4 times more shoot and root dry matter,respectively,than control *** dosage also showed 52.1%greater photochemical energy use than the control *** cultivated without the addition of P showed higher activity of the APase enzyme.

关键词： Fluorescence Louro-Pardo Morphological traits Phosphate nutrition Photosynthetic apparatus

Steam reforming of acetic acid over Ni/biochar of low metal-loading:Involvement of biochar in tailoring reaction intermediates renders superior catalytic performance

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 241-252页

作者： Yunyu Guo Yiran Wang Shu Zhang Yi Wang Song Hu Jun Xiang Walid Nabgan Xun Hu School of Material science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China departament d'Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona 43007Spain

Biochar is a reactive carrier as it may be partially gasified with steam in steam reforming,which could influence the formation of reaction intermediates and modify catalytic ***,the Ni/biochar as well as two comparative catalysts,Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2),with low nickel loading(2%(mass))was conducted to probe involvement of the varied carriers in the steam *** results indicated that the Ni/biochar performed excellent catalytic activity than Ni/SiO_(2) and Ni/Al_(2)O_(3),as the biochar carrier facilitated quick conversion of the -OH from dissociation of steam to gasify the oxygen-rich carbonaceous intermediates like C=O and C-O-C,resulting in low coverage while high exposure of nickel species for maintaining the superior catalytic *** converse,strong adsorption of aliphatic intermediates over Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2) induced serious coking with polymeric coke as the main type(21.5%and 32.1%,respectively),which was significantly higher than that over Ni/biochar(3.9%).The coke over Ni/biochar was mainly aromatic or catalytic type with nanotube morphology and high *** high resistivity of Ni/biochar towards coking was due to the balance between formation of coke and gasification of coke and partially biochar with steam,which created developed mesopores in spent Ni/biochar while the coke blocked pores in Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2) catalysts.

关键词： Steam reforming Acetic acid Ni/biochar catalyst Property of coke Reaction intermediates

The Limit Case of a Domination Property

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2012年第3期28卷 463-468页

作者： Magdalena LEMANSKA Juan A. RODRíGUEZ-VELZQUEZ Ismael G. YERO Department of Technical Physics and Applied Mathematics Gdańsk University of Technology departament d’Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques Universitat Rovira i Virgili departament d'Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques Universitat Rovira i Virgili

The domination number γ,（G） of a connected graph G of order n is bounded below by

关键词： Dominating set domination number