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Optimizing bio-physical conditions and pre-treatment options for breaking lignin barrier of maize stover feed using white rot fungi

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animal Nutrition 2016年第4期2卷 361-369页

作者： Andrew M. Atuhaire Fred Kabi Samuel Okello Swidiq Mugerwa Cyprian Ebong National Livestock Resources Research Institute Department of Livestock and Industrial Resources School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Bio-security (CoVAB) Makerere University Department of agricultural production School of Agricultural Sciences College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES) Makerere University animal production Program Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB)

The greatest limitation to utilization of maize stover by ruminants as a feed is the high concentration of lignin, which limits fibre digestibility. However, ruminants can effectively utilize maize stover if its nutritive value is improved using white rot fungal species. This study was designed to determine optimal biophysical conditions for mycelial growth and select the most ideal fungal species and pre-treatment options for improving nutritive value of maize stover. Four popular edible Pleurotus fungal species(*** florida,Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus sajor caju and Pleurotus pulmonarius) were subjected to varying temperatures, pH levels, hydrogen peroxide(H_2 O_2) concentration and illumination to establish the extent of mycelial growth *** of H_2 O_2 was used to determine optimal levels for preservation and prevention of contamination from other indigenous microbiota. Effects of pre-treatment options on chemical composition and nutritive value of maize stover were also examined. Mycelial growth rate of Pleurotus species on potato dextrose agar(PDA) varied(P < 0.05) with temperature, pH level and H_2 O_2 concentration following a quadratic trend. Optimal temperature, pH and H_2 O_2 concentration for mycelial growth on PDA were 25 ℃,5 and 0.01 mL/L, respectively. Under the different bio-physical conditions,P. sajor caju had the highest mycelia density and growth rate. Chemical composition of solid-state fermented maize stover differed(P < 0.05) among the Pleurotus species. Maize stover fermented with P. sajor caju had the highest crude protein(CP) of 86.6 g/kg DM, in-vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) of 731 g/kg DM, in-vitro organic matter digestibility(IVOMD) of 670.4 g/kg DM and metabolizable energy(ME) of10.0 MJ/kg DM but with the lowest lignin(sa) of 50 g/kg DM. At 25℃, P. sajor caju had the highest mycelial growth rate on PDA and highest lignin(sa) breakdown in the maize stover substrate. It was, therefore,selected as the most ideal

关键词： Crop residues Lactobacillus plantarum Lignin biodegradation Mycelial growth

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A significant quantitative trait locus on chromosome Z and its impact on egg production traits in seven maternal lines of meat-type chicken

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 47-59页

作者： Jiqiang Ding Fan Ying Qinghe Li Gaomeng Zhang Jin Zhang Ranran Liu Maiqing Zheng Jie Wen Guiping Zhao Institute of animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina. MiLe Xinguang agricultural and animal Industrials Corporation MiLeChina.

Background:Egg production is economically important in the meat-type chicken *** better understand the molecular genetic mechanism of egg production in meat-type chicken,genetic parameter estimation,genome-wide association analyses combined with meta-analyses,Bayesian analyses,and selective sweep analyses were performed to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and other genetic loci that were significantly associated with egg number traits in 11,279 chickens from seven material ***:Yellow-feathered meat-type chickens laid 115 eggs at 43 weeks of age and white-feathered chickens laid 143 eggs at 60 weeks of age,with heritability ranging from 0.034–*** on meta-analyses and selective sweep analyses,one region(10.81–13.05 Mb)on chromosome Z was associated with egg number in all *** analyses using the W2 line was also associated with the same region,and 29 SNPs were identified that significantly affected estimation of breeding value of egg *** 29 SNPs were identified as having a significant effect on the egg number EBV in 3194 birds in line *** are 36 genes in the region,with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor,DAB adaptor protein 2,protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1,NAD kinase 2,mitochondrial,WD repeat domain 70,leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha,complement C6,and complement C7 identified as being potentially affecting to egg *** addition,three SNPs(rs318154184,rs13769886,and rs313325646)associated with egg number were located on or near the prolactin receptor ***:Our study used genomic information from different chicken lines and populations to identify a genomic region(spanning 2.24 Mb)associated with egg *** genes and 29 SNPs were identified as the most likely candidate genes and variations for egg *** results contribute to the identification of candidate genes and variants for egg traits in poultry.

关键词： Candidate gene Egg production Genome-wide association study Meat-type chicken Selective sweep analysis

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Integrated analysis of multi-tissues lipidome and gut microbiome reveals microbiota-induced shifts on lipid metabolism in pigs

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animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 280-293页

作者： Chunlin Xie Xiaoyan Zhu Baoyang Xu Yaorong Niu Xuelei Zhang Libao Ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig production WuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanHubei 430070China

Lipid metabolism is very important for meat quality in *** evidence shows that gut microbiota can contribute to this physiological ***,the gut microbiota that function in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis remains ***,we compared the characteristics of fat deposition and gut microbial community between Laiwu pigs and Duroc(LandraceYorkshire)(DLY)*** microbiota transplantation(FMT)was performed to determine the possible impact of gut microbiota on lipid metabolism in *** integrated analysis of the gut microbiome and lipidome of the small intestine,plasma,and liver was conducted to investigate the effects of FMT on host lipid *** comparative analysis of the gut microbiome showed higher abundance of Bacteroidetes(P=0.0018)while lower abundance of Firmicutes(P=0.012)in Laiwu pigs,and the microbial composition can be transferred from Laiwu pigs into DLY *** electron microscope and Oil red-O staining were performed to analyze the effects of FMT on lipid deposition in liver,the main target organ for lipid *** results showed that FMT significantly increased the number of lipid droplets(P=0.0035)and lipid accumulation(P=0.0026)in ***,integrated multi-tissues lipidome analysis demonstrated that the fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids were significantly increased(P<0.01)in intestine and liver,while glycerolipids and fatty acyls were reduced(P<0.01)in *** the small intestine,FMT increased(P<0.01)the relative abundance of polyketides and prenol lipids but reduced(P<0.01)the *** analysis revealed the potential interactions between microbiota and lipid ***,our results indicated that the gut microbiota may regulate the lipid metabolism and enhance the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver of pigs.

关键词： Pig Gut microbiota Lipidome Fecal microbiota transplantation Lipid metabolism

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Effects of tannic acid on the immunity and intestinal health of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis infection

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2454-2473页

作者： Huiping Xu Jianyang Fu Yimeng Luo Peng Li Bochen Song Zengpeng Lv Yuming Guo Department of animal Nutrition and Feed Science State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of animal Science Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China

Background In broiler chickens,necrotic enteritis(NE)infection can reduce production *** acid has shown great potential as a treatment of NE in ***,the appropriate dosage of tannic acid in NE of broilers and the improvement effect on intestinal health are not very *** this study,we aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of tannic acid on the production performance,immunity,and intestinal health of broilers by constructing an NE model with *** infection and determining the appropriate dosage of tannic acid with regard to *** Challenged birds showed significant reduction in body weight,villus height,and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(P<0.05)and increase in the feed consumption gain ratio,intestinal lesion score,and crypt depth(P<0.05).The infection significantly reduced the relative Bacteroidota and Ligilactobacillus abundance(P<0.05)and increased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota and cecal content of ***(P<0.05).Challenged birds fed diets supplemented with tannic acid showed significantly increased mRNA expression of nutrient transport carriers and intestinal barrier genes and growth performance and reduced serum zonulin and endotoxin levels(P<0.05).Addi-tion of tannic acid to the diet inhibited the inflammatory response by reducing the number of coccidia oocysts in feces and the content of *** in the ***,tannic acid reduced the serum levels of C reactive protein,myeloperoxidase,and specific IgY and ileal mucosal secretory immunoglobulin A levels in the ileal mucosa compared with those in the NE-infected ***-infected birds fed diets supplemented with tannic acid also showed significantly increased relative Anaerocolumna,Thermoanaerobacterium,and Thermosinus abundance(P<0.05);their microbial composition and functional predictions were similar to those of the NC *** Tannic acid in the diet alleviated NE by enhancing the intestinal barrier a

关键词： Broiler chicken Immunity Intestinal health Necrotic enteritis Tannic acid

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Identification of gut microbes associated with feed efficiency by daily-phase feeding strategy in growing-finishing pigs

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animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 42-53页

作者： Qin Jiang Chunlin Xie Lingli Chen Hongli Xiao Zhilian Xie Xiaoyan Zhu Libao Ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig production WuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanHubei 430070China

Feed efficiency is one of the most important issues for sustainable pig ***-phase feeding(DPF)is a form of precision feeding that could improve feed efficiency in *** microbiota can regulate host nutrient digestion,absorption,and ***,which key microbes may play a vital role in improving the feed efficiency during DPF remains *** the present study,we used a DPF program compared to a three-phase feeding(TPF)program in growing-finishing pigs to investigate the effects of gut microbiota on feed efficiency.A total of 204 Landrace×Yorkshire pigs(75 d)were randomly assigned into 2 *** treatment was replicated 8 times with 13 to 15 pigs per replicate *** in the TPF group were fed with a commercial feeding program that supplied fixed feed for phasesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢ,starting at 81,101,and 132 d of age,respectively,and pigs in the DPF group were fed a blend of adjacent phase feed from 81 to 155 d at a gradual daily ratio and phaseⅢfeed from 155 to 180 d of *** feed intake and body weight were recorded by a computerized device in the *** and blood samples were collected from 1 pig per replicate at 155 and 180 d of *** results showed that the DPF program remarkably improved the feed efficiency at 155 d(P<0.001)and 180 d of age(P<0.001),with a significant reduction of the intake of crude protein(P<0.01),net energy(P<0.001),crude fiber(P<0.001),ether extract(P<0.01),and ash(P<0.001).The daily-phase feeding program increased the abundance of Prevotella copri(P<0.05)and Paraprevotella clara(P<0.05),while it decreased the abundance of Ocilibacter(P<0.05)at 155 d of *** results of correlation analysis indicated that the differentially abundant microbiota communities were closely associated with 20 metabolites which enriched amino acid and phenylalanine *** results suggest that 2 key microbes may contribute to feed efficiency during daily-phase feeding strategies in pigs.

关键词： Daily-phase feeding Feed efficiency Gut microbiota Nutrient metabolism Pig

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Efficient production of chimeric mice from embryonic stem cells injected into 4-to 8-cell and blastocyst embryos

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 264-270页

作者： Minhua Hu Hengxi Wei Jingfeng Zhang Yinshan Bai Fenglei Gao Li Li Shouquan Zhang agricultural animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding Key Lab of Guangdong Province College of Animal Science South China Agricultural University

Background： production of chimeric mice is a useful tool for the elucidation of gene function. After successful isolation of embryonic stem （ES） cell lines, there are many methods for producing chimeras, including co-culture with the embryos, microinjection of the ES ceils into pre-implantation embryos, and use of tetraploid embryos to generate the full ES-derived transgenic mice. Here, we aimed to generate the transgenic ES cell line, compare the production efficiency of chimeric mice and its proportion to yield the male chimeric mice by microinjected ES cells into 4- to 8-cell and blastocysts embryos with the application of Piezo-Micromanipulator （PMM）, and trace the fate of the injected ES cells. Results： We successfully generated a transgenic ES cell line and proved that this cell line still maintained pluripotency. Although we achieved a satisfactory chimeric mice rate, there was no significant difference in the production of chimeric mice using the two different methods, but the proportion of the male chimeric mice in the 4- to 8-cell group was higher than in the blastocyst group. We also found that there was no tendency for ES cells to aggregate into the inner cell mass using in vitro culture of the chimeric embryos, indicating that they aggregated randomly. Conclusions： These results showed that the PMM method is a convenient way to generate chimeric mice and microinjection of ES cells into 4- to 8-cell embryos can increase the chance of yielding male chimeras compared to the blastocyst injection. These results provide useful data in transgenic research mediated by ES cells.

关键词： Chimeric mice Embryonic stem cell Microinjection

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Aflatoxin B1 decreased flesh flavor and inhibited muscle development in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 27-38页

作者： Xiang Ning He Zhen Zhen Zeng Wei Dan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Sheng Yao Kuang Ling Tang Shu Wei Li Lin Feng Xiao Qiu Zhou animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Fish Nutrition and Safety production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Key Laboratory for animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Ministry of EducationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 611130China animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Academy of Animal ScienceChengdu 610066China

In nature,aflatoxins,especially aflatoxin B1(AFB1),are the common mycotoxins,which cause serious health problems for humans and *** paper aimed to study the effects of AFB1 on flesh flavor and muscle development of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)and its *** were 1440 individual fish in total,with 6 treatments and each treatment replicated 3 *** 6 treatments were fed a control diet with different doses of AFB1(0.04,29.48,58.66,85.94,110.43 and 146.92μg/kg diet)for 60 ***1 increased myofiber diameter,as well as decreased myofiber density of grass carp muscle(P<0.05).The contents of free amino acid decreased gradually(P<0.05)as dietary AFB1 increased in the muscle of grass *** levels of reactive oxygen species,malonaldehyde and protein carbonyl(PC)were increased(P<0.05)with the dietary AFB1 *** levels of antioxidant enzyme(glutathione peroxidase,glutathione,glutathione reductase,total antioxidant capacity,anti-superoxide anion,and anti-hydroxyl radical)were decreased(P<0.05)with the dietary AFB1 *** addition,dietary AFB1 decreased the content of collagen,and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathway in grass carp muscle(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein levels of myogenic regulatory factors were downregulated in grass carp muscle(P<0.05).Furthermore,the activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)were increased(P<0.05),and the protein levels of phosphorylate-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-p38MAPK),phosphorylate-c-Jun N-terminal kinase,urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA),MMP-2 and MMP-9 were upregulated(P<0.05),but collagenⅠ,lamininβ1 and fibronectin were downregulated(P<0.05)with the dietary AFB1 increased in the muscle of grass *** on the results of this study,we can draw the following conclusion:dietary AFB1 might damage flesh flavor and inhibit the muscle development through MAPK/uPA/MMP/extrac

关键词： Aflatoxin B1 Flesh flavor Muscle development Grass carp

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Effects of dietary barley inclusion and glucanase supplementation on the production performance,egg quality and digestive functions in laying ducks

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animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 176-184页

作者： Wei Chen Shuang Wang Runsheng Xu Weiguang Xia Dong Ruan Yanan Zhang Khaled A.F.Mohammed Mahmoud M.M.Azzam Ahmed M.Fouad Kaichao Li Xuebing Huang Shenglin Wang Chuntian Zheng Institute of animal Science Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesState Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry BreedingKey Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionGuangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionGuangzhou 510640China College of Life Science and Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528225China Department of Poultry production Faculty of AgricultureAssiut UniversityAssiut 71526Egypt Poultry production Department Faculty of AgricultureMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt animal production Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of animal production Faculty of AgricultureCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt

This study evaluated the effects of barley inclusion and glucanase supplementation on the productive performance and digestive function in laying *** experiment used a randomized design with a 5×2 factorial arrangement of 5 graded levels of barley(0%,15%,30%,45%and 60%)with or without 1.5 g/kgβ-1,3-1,4-glucanase(15,000 U/kg).During the experimental period of 120 d,the weight and total number of eggs within each pen were recorded daily,and egg quality was determined every 4 *** the end of the experiment,3 randomly selected ducks within each replicate were sacrificed,then duodenal digesta and jejunal mucosa was *** inclusion of barley had no effects on egg production,daily egg mass or FCR,but supplementation with glucanase improved egg production and FCR(Pproduction performance;glucanase supplementation of the barley diets improved production perfor-mance,probably through enhancing digestive function.

关键词： Barley Laying duck Glucanase Digestive function

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Whole-genome sequence-based association study for immune cells in an eight-breed pig heterogeneous population

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第11期49卷 1068-1071页

作者： Qing Zhang Jing Li Yifeng Zhang Huanfa Gong Zhimin Zhou Wenwu Xu Zhongzi Wu Yingchun Sun Tao Jiang Ziqi Ling Shijun Xiao Lusheng Huang Bin Yang State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and production Technology College of Animal Science and TechnologyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330045China

Pigs are an important domestic animal for meat production and animal models for biomedical research such as research on infectious diseases(Meurens et al.,2012).Immune cells,including T cells,B cells,monocytes,and macrophages,are among the major indicators of immune status in health and *** the genetic basis of immune cell phenotypes would be helpful for improving the immunity of pigs genetically and reducing the disease occurrence,antibiotic usage.

关键词： Whole immunity breed

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Genetic parameters for somatic cell score and production traits in the fi rst three lactations of Chinese Holstein cows

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第1期14卷 125-130页

作者： ZHAO Fu-ping GUO Gang WANG Ya-chun GUO Xiang-yu ZHANG Yuan DU Li-xin National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of animal Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing Sanyuan Dairy Cattle Breeding Center College of animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University

The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters of lactation average somatic cell scores （LSCS） and examine genetic associations between LSCS and production traits in the first three lactations of Chinese Holstein cows using single-parity multi-trait animal model and multi-trait repeatability animal model. There were totally 273605 lactation records of Chinese Holstein cows with first calving from 2001 to 2012. Heritability estimates for LSCS ranged from 0.144 to 0.187. Genetic correlations between LSCS and 305 days milk, protein percentage and fat percentage were -0.079, -0.082 and -0.135, respectively. Phenotypic correlation between LSCS and 305 days milk yield was negative （-0.103 to -0.190）. Genetic correlation between 305 days milk and fat percentage or protein percentage was highly negative. Genetic correlation between milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage was highly favorable. Heritabilities of production traits decreased with increase of parity, whereas heritability of LSCS increased with increase of parity.

关键词： somatic cell score genetic parameters Chinese Holstein single-parity multi-trait animal model multi-traitrepeatability animal model

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