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Lewis blood genotypes of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer patients in Taiwan

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第31期11卷 4891-4894页

作者： Chi-Jung Yei Jan-Gowth Chang Mu-Chin Shih Sheng-Fung Lin Chao-Sung Chang Fu-Tsong Ko Kuang-Yang Lin Ta-Chih Liu Blood Bandk Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Taiwan China depamnent of laboratory medicine China Medical University and Hospital Taichung Taiwan China Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan China Department of Internal medicine Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital Taipei Taiwan China

AIM： The Lewis b （Le^b） antigen has been implicated as a possible binding site for attachment of Helicobacter pylori （H pylon） to gastric mucosa. However, studies both supporting and denying this association have been reported in the literature. Differences in secretor （Se） genotype have been suggested as a possible reason for previous discrepancies. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between Le and Se genotypes and Hpylori infection rates in people with peptic ulcer or gastric cancer. METHODS： Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 347 patients with endoscopic evidence of peptic ulcer disease （235 cases of duodenal ulcer, 62 of gastric ulcer, and 50 of combined duodenal ulcer/gastric ulcer） and 51 patients with gastric cancer on endoscopy. Peripheral blood specimens from 101 unrelated normal volunteers were used as controls. Lewis phenotype was determined using an antibody method, whereas Le and Se genotypes were determined by DNA amplification and restriction enzyme analysis. Gastric or duodenal biopsies taken from patients with endoscopic evidence of peptic ulcer or gastric cancer were cultured for Hpylotri Isolates were identified as Hpylori by morphology and production of urease and catalase. The Hpyloriinfection status was also evaluated by rapid urease test （CLO test）, and urea breath test （13^C-UBT）. Results of studies were analyzed by chi-square test （taken as significant）. RESULTS： Hpyloriwas isolated from 83.7% （303/347） of patients with peptic ulcer disease. Statistical analysis did not show any significant difference in Lewis phenotype or genotype between patients with and without Hpylori infection. No significant association was found between Lewis genotype and peptic ulcer or gastric ***： Lewis blood genotype or phenotype may not play a role in the pathogenesis of Hpyloriinfection. However, bacterial strain differences and the presence of more than one attachment mechanism may limit the value of epidemiological studies in e

关键词： Lewis histoblood group Helicobacter pylorr Peptic ulcer Gastric cancer

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Modulation of Neuroimmune Responses on Glia in the Central Nervous System： Implication in Therapeutic Intervention against Neuroinflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第5期6卷 317-326页

作者： Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Kin Chiu Yuen-Shan Ho Kwok-Fai So laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases Depamnent of Anatomy LKSFaculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong KongSAR China Research Centre of Heart Brain Hormone and Healthy Aging LKSFaculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong KongSAR China State Key laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences University of HongKong. Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China Department of Anatomy LKS Faculty of Miedicine The University of Hong Kong Rm.

It has long been known that the brain is an immunologically privileged site in normal conditions. Although the cascade of immune responses can occur as long as there is a neuronal injury or a potent immune stimulation, how the brain keeps glial cells in a quiescent state is still unclear. Increasing efforts have been made by several laboratories to elucidate how repression oi~ immune responses is achieved in the neuronal environment. The suppression factors include neurotransmitters, neurohormones, neurotrophic factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and cell-cell contact via adhesion molecules or CD200 receptor. This review discusses how these factors affect the cascade of cerebral immune responses because no single factor listed above can fully account for the immune suppression. While several factors contribute to the suppression of immune responses, activation of glial cells and their production of pro-inflammatory factors do occur as long as there is a neuronal injury, suggesting that some neuronal components facilitate immune responses. This review also discusses which signals initiate or augment cerebral immune responses so that stimulatory signals override the suppressive signals. Increasing lines of evidence have demonstrated that immune responses in the brain are not always detrimental to neurons. Attempt to simply clear off inflammatory factors in the CNS may not be appropriate for neurons in neurological disorders. Appropriate control of immune cells in the CNS may be beneficial to neurons or even neuroregeneration. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying immune suppression may help us to reshape pharmacological interventions against inflammation in many neurological disorders.

关键词： neural cell adhesion molecule neurotrophins potassium ions microglia neuroinflammation

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Improved multipath routing with WNN for the open networks

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2008年第2期15卷 107-113页

作者： WANG Yang WANG Ru-chuan CHENG Xi depamnent of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University ofPosts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210003 China College of Mathematics and Computer Science Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000 China College of Computer Science Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China

Multipath routing mechanism is vital for reliable packet delivery, load balance, and flexibility in the open network because its topology is dynamic and the nodes have limited capability. This article proposes a new multipath switch approach based on traffic prediction according to some characteristics of open networks. We use wavelet neural network （WNN） to predict the node traffic because the method has not only good approximation property of wavelet, but also self-learning adaptive quality of neural network. When the traffic prediction indicates that the primary path is a failure, the alternate path will be occupied promptly according to the switch strategy, which can save time for the switch in advance The simulation results show that the presented traffic prediction model has better prediction accuracy; and the approach based on the above model can balance network load, prolong network lifetime, and decrease the overall energy consumption of the network.

关键词： open network multipath routing traffic prediction,WNN

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Spray characteristics and controlling mechanism of fuel containing CO2

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Frontiers in Energy 2012年第1期6卷 80-88页

作者： Zhen HUANG Jin XIAO Xinqi QIAO Gaozhi JIANG Yiming SHAO Seiichi SHIGA Yasuhiro DAISHO Key laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Faculty of Engineering Depamnent of Mechanical System EngineeringGunma UniversityGunma 376-8515Japan Faculty of Transportation Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda UniversityTokyo169-8555Japan

This paper presents studies of spray characteristics and controlling mechanism of fuel containing CO2. Using diesel fuel containing CO2 gas, experiments were conducted on diesel hole-type nozzles and simple nozzles. The steady spray and transient spray characteristics were observed and measured by instantaneous shadowgraphy, high-speed photography, phase Doppler anemometry （PDA） and LDSA respectively. The effects of CO2 concentration in the fuel, the injection pressure, the nozzle L/D ratio, surrounding gas pressure and temperature on the atomization behavior and spray pattern were evaluated. The results show that the injection of fuel containing CO2 can greatly improve the atomization and produce a parabolic-shaped spray; and the CO2 gas concentration, surrounding gas pressure, temperature and nozzle config- uration have dominant influences on spray characteristics of the fuel containing CO2. New insight into the controlling mechanism of atomization of the fuel containing CO2 was provided.

关键词： spray characteristics fuel atomization fuelcontaining CO2

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High-Speed Railway Train Timetable Conflict Prediction Based on Fuzzy Temporal Knowledge Reasoning

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Engineering 2016年第3期2卷 366-373页

作者： He Zhuang Liping Feng Chao Wen Qiyuan peng Qizhi Tang School of.Transpfrtation anfl Logistics S outhwestJiaotong University Chengclu 610031 China China Railway Corporation Beijing 100844. China National United Engineering laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation SouthwestJiaotong University Chengdu 610031. China depamnent of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Waterloo. Waterloo N2L 3G I Canada

Trains are prone to delays and deviations from train operation plans during their operation because of internal or external disturbances. Delays may develop into operational conflicts between adjacent trains as a result of delay propagation, which may disturb the arrangement of the train operation plan and threaten the operational safety of trains. Therefore, reliable conflict prediction results can be valuable references for dispatchers in making more efficient train operation adjustments when conflicts occur. In contrast to the traditional approach to conflict prediction that involves introducing random disturbances, this study addresses the issue of the fuzzification of time intervals in a train timetable based on historical statistics and the modeling of a high-speed railway train timetable based on the concept of a timed Petri net. To measure conflict prediction results more comprehensively, we divided conflicts into potential conflicts and certain conflicts and defined the judgment conditions for both. Two evaluation indexes, one for the deviation of a single train and one for the possibility of conflicts between adjacent train operations, were developed using a formalized computation method. Based on the temporal fuzzy reasoning method, with some adjustment, a new conflict prediction method is proposed, and the results of a simulation example for two scenarios are presented. The results prove that conflict prediction after fuzzy processing of the time intervals of a train timetable is more reliable and practical and can provide helpful information for use in train operation adjustment, train timetable improvement, and other purposes.

关键词： High-speed railway Train timetable Conflict prediction Fuzzy temporal knowledge reasoning

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Patients Aged 80 Years or Older are Encountered More Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第1期129卷 22-27页

作者： Li Mo Ding Ding Shi-Yun Pu Qin-Hui Liu Hong Li Bi-Rong Dong Xiao-Yan Yang Jin-Han He Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Department of Pharmacy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Information Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China State Key laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

Background： Polyphamlacy and potentially inappropriate medications （PIMs） are prominent prescribing issties in elderly patients. This study was to investigate the different prevalence of PIM use in elderly inpatients between 65-70 years of age and 80 years or older, who were discharged from Geriatric depamnent in West China Hospital. Methods： A large-scale cohort of 1796 inpatients aged 65 years or over was recruited. Respectively. 618 patients were 65 79 years and 1178 patients were 80 years or older. Updated 2012 Beers Criteria by the Anaerican Geriatric Society was applied to assess the use of PIM among the investigated samples. Results： A review of the prescribed medications identified 686 patients aged 80 years or older constimed at least one PIM giving a rate of 58.2%. Conversely, 268 （43.4%） patients aged 65-79 years consumed at least one PIM （x^2=40.18, P 〈 0.001）. Patients aged 80 years or older had higher hospitalization expenses, length of stay, co-morbidities, medical prescription, and mortality than patients aged 65-79 years （all with P 〈 0.001 ）. Patients aged 80 years or older were prescribed with more benzodiazepines, drugs with strong anticholmergic properties, megestrol, antipsychotics, theophylline, and aspirin. In multiple regression analysis, PIM use was significantly associated with female gender, age, number of diagnostic disease, and number of prescribed medication. Conclusions： The finding from this study revealed that inpatients aged 80 years or older encountered more PIM use than those aged 65-79 years. Anticholinergic properties, megestrol. antipsychotics, theophylline, and aspirin are medications that often prescribed to inpatients aged 80 years or older. Doctors should carefully choose drugs for the elderly, especially the elderly aged 80 years or older.

关键词： Beers Criteria Elderly Polypharmacy Potentially Inappropriate Medication

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