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Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation restores the balance between A_(2A)R-and A_(1)R-mediated adenosine signaling in the 6-hydroxidopamine model of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2053-2067页

作者： Milica Zeljkovic Jovanovic Jelena Stanojevic Ivana Stevanovic Milica Ninkovic Tihomir V.Ilic Nadezda Nedeljkovic Milorad Dragic Laboratory for Neurobiology Department of General Physiology and BiophysicsFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy University of DefenceBelgradeSerbia

An imbalance in adenosine-mediated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-mediated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's *** therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease progression,demonstrating the need for novel approaches in *** transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive approach that has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's ***,the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation remain *** purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the beneficial effects of prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of experimental parkinsonism are based on modulation of adenosine-mediated *** with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions underwent intermittent theta burst stimulation for 3 weeks and were tested for motor skills using the Rotarod ***,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and biochemical analysis of components of adenosine-mediated signaling were performed on the synaptosomal fraction of the lesioned caudate *** intermittent theta burst stimulation improved motor symptoms in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals.A 6-hydroxydopamine lesion resulted in progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the caudate *** with intermittent theta burst stimulation began 7 days after the lesion,coinciding with the onset of motor *** treatment with prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation,complete motor recovery was *** improvement was accompanied by downregulation of the e N/CD73-A_(2A)R pathway and a return to physiological levels of A_(1)R-adenosine deaminase 1 after 3 weeks of intermittent theta burst *** results demonstrated that 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration reduced the expression of A_(1)R and elevated the expression of A_(2A)***

关键词： A_(1)R A_(2A)R adenosine receptors adenosine ecto-5′-nucleotidase intermittent theta burst stimulation non-invasive brain stimulation Parkinson's disease purinergic signalling

Evaluation of Rainfall Tendency for the Twentieth Century over Indira Sagar Region in Central India

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 47-68页

作者： Rituraj Shukla Deepak Khare Ramesh P. Rudra Priti Tiwari Himanshu Sharma Prasad Daggupati Pradeep Goel School of Engineering University of Guelph Guelph Canada Department of Water Resources development and Management Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Indira Gandhi Agricultural University Raipur India Department of Civil Engineering Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management (IITRAM) Ahmedabad India

The study investigates long-term changes in annual and seasonal rainfall patterns in the Indira Sagar Region of Madhya Pradesh, India, from 1901 to 2010. Agriculture sustainability, food supply, natural resource development, and hydropower system reliability in the region rely heavily on monsoon rainfall. Monthly rainfall data from three stations (East Nimar, Barwani, and West Nimar) were analyzed. Initially, the pre-whitening method was applied to eliminate serial correlation effects from the rainfall data series. Subsequently, statistical trends in annual and seasonal rainfall were assessed using both parametric (student-t test) and non-parametric tests [Mann-Kendall, Sen’s slope estimator, and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM)]. The magnitude of the rainfall trend was determined using Theil-Sen’s slope estimator. Spatial analysis of the Mann-Kendall test on an annual basis revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend for Barwani and East Nimar and an increasing trend for West Nimar. On a seasonal basis, the monsoon season contributes a significant percentage (88.33%) to the total annual rainfall. The CUSUM test results indicated a shift change detection in annual rainfall data for Barwani in 1997, while shifts were observed in West and East Nimar stations in 1929. These findings offer valuable insights into regional rainfall behavior, aiding in the planning and management of water resources and ecological systems.

关键词： Precipitation Parametric Non-Parametric Tests Trend Analysis Serial Correlations

Acute Toxicity of Aluminium Phosphide Following Oral Administration in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1998年第2期11卷 179-186页

作者： OM KUMAR K. SUGENDRAN S. C. PANT RAM SINGH P. M. K. REDDY AND R. VIJAYARAGHAVAN (Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, defence research and development Establishment, GWALIOR-474002, India) Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology Defence Research and Development Establishment Gwalior-474002 India

Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is used as a fumigant and also sometimes misused for suicidal attempts in India, due to its easy availability. The effect of phosphine, the gas that is liberated when AlP comes in contact with moisture, is well documented in the literature. However, the effect of AlP in its native form on animal models is not well cited. In this study we examined the acute toxic effect of AlP in rats. Oral LD50 of AlP for male and female rats were found to be 14. 13 and 11. 89mg/kg, respectively. Oral administration of an AlP dose of 0. 80 LD50 resulted in significant increases in the level of plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase,alkaline phosphatase, glucose and urea in rats of both sexes. Hemoglobin level and packed cell volume also increased significantly 6h after administration. Body weight was reduced but the organ to body weight ratio of lung, liver, spleen, kidney and testes remained *** changes induced by AlP during 24-48h induced hemorrhage, congestion and mild to moderate atrophy of various cellular components of visceral organs. The study showed that the acute toxic effect of AlP may be due to hypovolemic shock. Female rats were found to be more susceptible than were males.

关键词： In Acute Toxicity of Aluminium Phosphide Following Oral Administration in Rats

Drought-Tolerant Rice at Molecular Breeding Eras:An Emerging Reality

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 179-189页

作者： ZHU Chengqi YE Yuxuan QIU Tian HUANG Yafan YING Jifeng SHEN Zhicheng Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Performance Plants Inc. 1287 Gardiners RoadKingstonOntario K7P 3J6Canada China National Rice research Institute Hangzhou 310006China

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)stands as the most significantly influential food crop in the developing world,with its total production and yield stability affected by environmental *** stress impacts about 45%of the world’s rice area,affecting plants at molecular,biochemical,physiological,and phenotypic *** conventional breeding method,predominantly employing single pedigree selection,has been widely utilized in breeding numerous drought-tolerant rice varieties since the Green *** rapid progress in plant molecular biology,hundreds of drought-tolerant QTLs/genes have been identified and tested in rice crops under both indoor and field *** genes have been introgressed into elite germplasm to develop commercially accepted drought-tolerant varieties,resulting in the development of several drought-tolerant rice varieties through marker-assisted selection and genetically engineered *** review provides up-to-date information on proof-of-concept genes and breeding methods in the molecular breeding era,offering guidance for rice breeders to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties.

关键词： conventional breeding drought stress drought tolerant rice genetic engineering marker-assisted selection breeding

Advancements in assessing soil health through functional traits and energy flow analysis of soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 21-30页

作者： Jingnan Zhang Shiyu Li Elly Morrien Neil B.McLaughlin Shixiu Zhang School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChineseAcademy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics(IBED-ELD) Department of Ecosystem and Landscape DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHA msterdamThe Netherlands Ottawa research and development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa K1AoC6Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China

We examined the development of soil nematodes ecological indices from the perspective off *** found that soil nematode energy flow analyses based on multiple functional traits quantify the dynamics of energy flow across multipletrophic levels to provide a more comprehensive *** conducted comparative analyses of the sensitivities of NMF and energy flow to verify that the energy flow analyses are more sensitive and have greater potential to reveal soil health and ecosystem *** in-depth studies of functional traits and energy flow analysis can help us achieve informed soil management practices,sustainable agriculture,*** Tess CT Nematode ecological index based on functional traits:MI El,S,BI,C1 NMF Bongen.1990 Ferrisetal,2001 Ferris,2010 energs low analysis of soil nematodes Compare thecological index(NMf)and Bacterivores(Ba)Functional traits Energy flux Fungihores(Fn)rahn Soilnematodes latitude Lindicator Plant-parasites(PP)PF Energflus Soilhealth Omnivores-predators(oP)latitude Energy flow analysis of soil nematodes:By quantifying energy fux among trophic groups Barbes et al.,2014,2018 This paper examines the development of ecological indices for soil nematodes from the perspective of functional *** emphasizes the increasing significance of integrating multiple functional traits to achieve a more accurate assessment of soil *** indices based on life history strategies,feeding habits,and body size provide useful tools for assessing soil ***,these indices do not fully capture the dynamics ofenergyflow across multiple-trophic levels inthesoil foodweb,which is critical fora deeperunderstanding of the intrinsic properties of soil *** combining functional traits such as functional group,body size,feeding preference and metabolic rate,nematode energy flow analyses provide a more comprehensive *** approach establishes a direct correlation between changes

关键词： soil nematodes soil health nematodefoodweb functional traits energyflux

Multifunctional HDPE/Cu biocidal nanocomposites for MEX additive manufactured parts: Perspectives for the defense industry

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 16-32页

作者： Nectarios Vidakis Nikolaos Michailidis Markos Petousis Nektarios K.Nasikas Vassilios Saltas Vassilis Papadakis Nikolaos Mountakis Apostolos Argyros Mariza Spiridaki Ioannis Valsamos Department of Mechanical Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityHeraklion 71410Greece Physical Metallurgy Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentSchool of EngineeringAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Centre for research&development of Advanced Materials(CERDAM) Center for Interdisciplinary Research and InnovationBalkan CentreThessaloniki 57001Greece Division of Mathematics and Engineering Sciences Department of Military SciencesHellenic Army AcademyVari GR16673AtticaGreece Department of Electronic Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityChania 73133Greece Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering University of West AtticaAthens 12244Greece Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Foundation for Research and Technology-HellasHeraklion 70013Greece

In this study, we investigated the performance improvement caused by the addition of copper(Cu)nanoparticles to high-density polyethylene(HDPE) matrix material. Composite materials, with filler percentages of 0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0 wt% were synthesized through the material extrusion(MEX)3D printing technique. The synthesized nanocomposite filaments were utilized for the manufacturing of specimens suitable for the experimental procedure that followed. Hence, we were able to systematically investigate their tensile, flexural, impact, and microhardness properties through various mechanical tests that were conducted according to the corresponding standards. Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy was used to investigate the electrical/dielectric properties of the composites. Moreover, by employing means of Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) we were also able to further investigate their vibrational, structural, and thermal properties. Concomitantly, means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), as well as atomic force microscopy(AFM), were used for the examination of the morphological and structural characteristics of the synthesized specimens, while energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy(EDS) was also performed in order to receive a more detailed picture on the structural characteristics of the various synthesized composites. The corresponding nanomaterials were also assessed for their antibacterial properties regarding Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) and Escherichia coli(E. coli) with the assistance of a method named screening agar well diffusion. The results showed that the mechanical properties of HDPE benefited from the utilization of Cu as a filler, as they showed a notable improvement. The specimen of HDPE/Cu 4.0 wt% was the one that presented the highest levels of reinforcement in four out of the seven tested mechanical properties(for example, it exhibited a 36.7%improvement in the flexural strength, compared to the pure matrix). At the same

关键词： High-density polyethylene(HDPE) Copper(Cu) Material extrusion(MEX) Mechanical performance Electrical properties Antibacterial Defense and security

Synthesis and microwave absorption performance of heat-treated RF/SiO_(2)aerogels

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 177-186页

作者： Xinli Ye Hao Yu Kai Zheng Shan Li Xiaomin Ma Bangxiao Mao Junxiong Zhang School of Civil Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072PR China research&development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057PR China Yangtze River Delta research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University Suzhou 215400PR China National Equipment New Material&Technology(Jiangsu)Co. LtdSuzhou 215400PR China Beijing Xinfeng Aerospace Equipment Co. LtdBeijing 100854PR China School of Textile and Clothing Nantong UniversityNantong 226019PR China

The well-designed composite with satisfactory electromagnetic microwave absorption at high temperatures remains a serious ***,we fabricated a resorcinol-formaldehyde/silica dioxide composite aerogel(RF/SiO_(2))with a three-dimensional network structure using sol-gel,atmospheric pressure drying technique as well as heat-treated processes to achieve enhanced microwave absorption capabilities in the low frequency *** pristine RF/SiO_(2)aerogel presented a typical micropores structure with a surface area,porous volume,and density of 146.82 m^(2)/g,62.40%,and 0.28 cm^(3)/g,***,the RF/SiO_(2)aerogel showed an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.56 GHz and a minimum reflection loss value of-46.10 d B at 2.25 mm after being heat-treated at 1500°C,while the maximum effective absorption bandwidth was 3.60 GHz at 2.30 *** intricate three-dimensional networks possessed remarkable impedance matching,multiple attenuation mechanisms,interfacial polarization,and dielectric loss,which were attributed to the exceptional ability to absorb electromagnetic *** offered a fresh approach to creating adaptable and effective microwave absorption materials in military defense.

关键词： RF/SiO_(2) Aerogel Heat-treated Microwave absorption

Constitutive model of viscoelastic dynamic damage for the material of gas obturator in modular-charge howitzer

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defence Technology 2024年第09期 203-216页

作者： Zhonggang Li Longmiao Chen Yifan Li Yufeng Jia Quan Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Technology Center Shanxi North Machine-building Co. Ltd. research and development Department Kelong New Material Technology Co. Ltd.

In order to investigate the mechanical response behavior of the gas obturator of the breech mechanism,made of polychloroprene rubber(PCR), uniaxial compression experiments were carried out by using a universal testing machine and a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB), obtaining stress-strain responses at different temperatures and strain rates. The results revealed that, in comparison to other polymers, the gas obturator material exhibited inconspicuous strain softening and hardening effects; meanwhile, the mechanical response was more affected by the strain rate than by temperature. Subsequently, a succinct viscoelastic damage constitutive model was developed based on the ZWT model, including ten undetermined parameters, formulated with incorporating three parallel components to capture the viscoelastic response at high strain rate and further enhanced by integrating a three-parameter Weibull function to describe the damage. Compared to the ZWT model, the modified model could effectively describe the mechanical response behavior of the gas obturator material at high strain rates. This research laid a theoretical foundation for further investigation into the influence of chamber sealing issues on artillery firing.

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Multi-granularity feature enhancement network for maritime ship detection

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 649-664页

作者： Li Ying Duoqian Miao Zhifei Zhang Hongyun Zhang Witold Pedrycz Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Project Management Office of China National Scientific Seafloor Observatory Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AlbertaEdmontonCanada System research Institute Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland

Due to the characteristics of high resolution and rich texture information,visible light images are widely used for maritime ship ***,these images are suscep-tible to sea fog and ships of different sizes,which can result in missed detections and false alarms,ultimately resulting in lower detection *** address these issues,a novel multi-granularity feature enhancement network,MFENet,which includes a three-way dehazing module(3WDM)and a multi-granularity feature enhancement module(MFEM)is *** 3WDM eliminates sea fog interference by using an image clarity automatic classification algorithm based on three-way decisions and FFA-Net to obtain clear image ***,the MFEM improves the accuracy of detecting ships of different sizes by utilising an improved super-resolution reconstruction con-volutional neural network to enhance the resolution and semantic representation capa-bility of the feature maps from *** results demonstrate that MFENet surpasses the other 15 competing models in terms of the mean Average Pre-cision metric on two benchmark datasets,achieving 96.28%on the McShips dataset and 97.71%on the SeaShips dataset.

关键词： object classification object recognition rough sets rough set theory