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Understanding Investigational Perspective of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Rice

Rice science 2025年第1期32卷 15-31页

作者： Intan FARAHANAH Shariza SAHUDIN Hannis Fadzillah MOHSIN Siti Alwani ARIFFIN Liyana Dhamirah AMINUDDIN Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Teknologi MaraPuncak Alam CampusSelangor 42300Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Teknologi MaraPuncak Alam CampusSelangor 42300Malaysia Department of Pharmacology and Life Sciences Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Teknologi MaraPuncak Alam CampusSelangor 42300Malaysia faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MaraSungai Buloh CampusSelangor 42300Malaysia

Whole-grain rice has gained significant attention for its potential health benefits,particularly because of its antioxidant and antibacterial *** this growing interest,there remains a pressing need for a comprehensive evaluation of the methods used to analyze these bioactive compounds,considering the diversity of rice types and the influence of environmental *** review aims to provide an in-depth overview of recent analytical methods,particularly those employed over the last five years,to assess the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of *** focuses on commonly used antioxidant assays,such as the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging activity assay,which encompasses both single electron transfer and hydrogen atom transfer *** antioxidant assays are also discussed,alongside methods used to evaluate antibacterial properties,including disc diffusion,well diffusion,broth or agar dilution,and advanced techniques such as flow cytofluorometric and bioluminescent *** review further explores the bacterial strains most frequently studied,including Bacillus cereus,Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli,and Salmonella *** highlights the key techniques and parameters employed to ascertain and quantify the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of rice,while critically analysing the strengths and limitations of these *** synthesizing current methods and offering insights into their application,this review can be served as a guide for future research aimed at standardizing and improving the assessment of rice’s bioactive properties,paving the way for broader scientific and practical applications.

关键词： pigmented rice antioxidant activity antibacterial activity

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Patient and physician factors contributing to delays in inflammatory bowel diseases:Enhancing timely diagnosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第6期31卷 115-120页

作者： Horia Minea Ana-Maria Singeap Laura Huiban Cristina Maria Muzica Carol Stanciu Anca Trifan Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine“Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “St.Spiridon”University HospitalIasi 700111Romania

In this article,we comment on the article by Blüthner et *** article provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors contributing to the late detection of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis within a German *** highlights the conse-quences on patient outcomes,particularly disease progression and the increased risk of developing *** study identifies specific predictors asso-ciated with both patient-related and physician-related delays,offering a detailed exploration of the initial ***,the article delves into the distinct patterns observed in the German population,stressing the unique aspects of diagnostic delays that may differ from those reported in other *** detailed examination offers valuable insights into the specific challenges faced within the German healthcare system and underscores the necessity of targeted interventions to facilitate early *** importance of improved screening tools,patient education,and better healthcare infrastructure is emphasized as crucial steps toward improving patient care in inflammatory bowel disease.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Diagnostic delay Disease awareness Healthcare system Screening tools

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Enhanced oral drug delivery by mimicking natural amino acid and oligopeptide absorption route

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 525-540页

作者： Ruinan Wu Xiaoxing Fan Licheng Wu Liyun Xing Jinxia Kong Zhou Zhou Jingyuan Wen Lian Li Yuan Huang Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China School of pharmacy Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAuckland 1023New Zealand

Oral delivery of protein and peptide drugs presents considerable challenges due to their susceptibility to digestive enzymes in gastrointestinal(Gl)tract and low efficiency of transepithelial ***,inspired by efficient absorption of protein-based nutrients,we constructed several kinds of oral drug delivery systems by mimicking natural amino acid and oligopeptide absorption *** kinds of amino acids and two kinds of oligopeptides were chosen as targeting ligands to mediate transportation of orally administered nanoparticles(NPs).Liraglutide(Lira),a kind of glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor agonist,was used as model *** functionalized NPs could protect Lira from enzymatic degradation in Gl ***,compared with amino acid-modified NPs,oligopeptide-modified NPs exhibited greater transepithelial transport efficiency and were primarily absorbed in the proximal small intestine due to the high expression and transportation mediated by proton coupled oligopeptide transporter 1(PEPT1).These Lira-loaded NPs could effectively control the blood glucose level,reduce plasma lipid level,and repair tissue damage on type 2 diabetic mice and even showed comparable hypoglycemic effects of subcutaneous injection(s.c.)free *** study demonstrates the potential of mimicking natural oligopeptide absorption route to enhance oral delivery of protein and peptide drugs.

关键词： oral drug delivery amino acid absorption route oligopeptide absorption route liraglutide

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ClpB chaperone as a promising target for antimicrobial therapy: A narrative review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2025年第1期15卷 1-10,I0001-I0007页

作者： Sachini J.Udari Sayoka Shamodhi Rumesh M.Nelumdeniya Udayana Ranatunga Nimesha N.Senadeera Chathuranga B.Ranaweera Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesGeneral Sir John Kotelawala Defence UniversityWerahera10718Sri Lanka Department of pharmacy Faculty of Allied Health SciencesGeneral Sir John Kotelawala Defence UniversityWerahera10718Sri Lanka Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya20400Sri Lanka Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ColomboColombo 0300300Sri Lanka

The Clp/Hsp100 family,part of the ATPase associated with various cellular activities(AAA+)superfamily,includes caseinolytic peptidase B(ClpB),a highly conserved protein found in bacteria,fungi,protozoa,and ***,ClpB is present in all ESKAPE pathogens:Enterococcus faecium,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Enterobacter *** plays a crucial role in reactivating and disaggregating proteins,enabling pathogens to survive under host-induced stress and conferring thermotolerance to bacterial *** caused by ESKAPE pathogens are particularly challenging due to their resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics and biofilm formation,posing a significant global health threat as they are often multidrug-resistant,extensively drug-resistant,and *** its absence in human cells and its essential role in bacterial survival under stress,ClpB is a promising target for antimicrobial *** Hsp100 family proteins could lead to the development of novel antifungal and antiprotozoal *** review explores the function of ClpB in the survival of ESKAPE pathogens and the protozoan Plasmodium *** research findings were compiled using academic databases,and data analysis was performed using Clustal Omega Multiple Sequence Alignment and Boxshade tools.

关键词： Molecular chaperone ClpB ESKAPE pathogens Thermotolerance Heat shock proteins Plasmodium falciparum

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Cerbera odollam fruit extracts enhance anti-cancer activity of sorafenib in HCT116 and HepG2 cells

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 108-126页

作者： Supawadee Parhira Orakot Simanurak Khemmachat Pansooksan Julintorn Somran Apirath Wangteeraprasert Zhihong Jiang Liping Bai Pranee Nangngam Dumrongsak Pekthong Piyarat Srisawang Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Naresuan University Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry Naresuan University Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Naresuan University Department of Physiology Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Naresuan University Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Naresuan University Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Naresuan University State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macau University of Science and Technology Department of Biology Faculty of Science Naresuan University Department of pharmacy Practice Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Naresuan University Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University

Objective:While higher therapeutic doses of toxic cardiac glycosides derived from Cerbera odollam are frequently employed in cases of suicide or homicide,ongoing research is investigating the potential anticancer properties of low-concentration extracts obtained from the fruits of *** present study aimed to determine the enhanced anticancer effects and minimize potential side effects of combining extracts from *** fruits from Thailand with sorafenib against HCT116 and HepG2 ***:The dried powder of fresh green fruits of *** was fractionated,and its phytochemical contents,including total cardiac glycosides,phenolics,flavonoids,and triterpenoids,were *** cytotoxic effects of these fractions were evaluated against HCT116 and HepG2 cells using the MTT *** fractions showing the most significant response in HCT116 and HepG2 cells were subsequently combined with sorafenib to examine their synergistic *** induction,cell cycle progression,and mitochondrial membrane potential（MMP） were then *** underlying mechanism of the apoptotic effect was further investigated by analyzing reactive oxygen species（ROS） generation and the expression levels of antioxidant ***:Phytochemical analysis showed that ***-ethyl acetate fraction（COEtOAc） was rich in cardiac glycosides,phenolics,and flavonoids,while the dichloromethane fraction（CODCM） contained high levels of triterpenoids and *** 24 h treatment,HCT116 showed the most significant response to COEtOAc,while HepG2 responded well to CODCM with IC50values of（42.04±16.94） μg/mL and（123.75±14.21） μg/m L,***,COEtOAc（20 μg/mL） or CODCM（30 μg/mL）,both administered at sub-IC50concentrations,were combined with sorafenib at 6 μmol/L for HCT116 cells and2 μmol/L for HepG2 cells,incubated for 24 *** combination resulted in a significant suppression in cell viability by approximately 50%.The combination of treatments marked

关键词： apoptosis Cerbera odollam Gaertn. HCT116 HepG2 reactive oxygen species sorafenib

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Impact of COVID-19 Response Measures on Physicochemical Parameters of Surface Waters in Yaoundé City

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2025年第1期13卷 444-456页

作者： Marie Christine Tombedi Serge Eteme Enama Georgia Elna Ambada Ndzengue Lucie Leme Banock Claudine Ntsama Essomba Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Science University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon pharmacy Unit Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon

The widespread use of disinfectants and various medications in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about their potential impact on the characteristics of natural waters. To assess the effect of the COVID-19 response on surface waters in Yaoundé, various physicochemical parameters of three rivers (Mfoundi, Tongolo, and Mingoa) were examined over 8 months. The selection of these rivers was based on their proximity to hospitals involved in COVID-19 patient management. Physico-chemical parameters were measured following standard protocols, and their spatiotemporal variations and the influence of various factors, were examined. The results revealed that, during the study period, the values for temperature (23˚C to 30˚C), dissolved oxygen (14% to 90%), pH (6.2 to 9.5), electrical conductivity (100 to 662 µS/cm), oxidability (0.19 to 42.19 mg/l), and suspended solids (1 to 725 mg/l) exhibited variations, except for total dissolved solids (30 to 470 mg/l), whose levels remained within the recommended limit (s = 0.812, P = 0.014) with oxidability levels in the Tongolo river. The COVID-19 response measures had a limited negative effect on the surface waters of Yaoundé during the study period. This could be attributed to the disproportionate application of hygiene measures among the city’s populations. Additionally, the lack of flow observed in certain rivers requires particular attention from authorities and the populations to safeguard the city’s ecosystems.

关键词： COVID-19 Environmental Health Watercourses Physicochemical Parameters Cameroon

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Thymus serpyllum *** Oil:Phytochemistry and in Vitro and in Silico Screening of Its Antimicrobial,Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 209-227页

作者： Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli Hanae Naceiri Mrabti Amine Elbouzidi Naglaa S.Ashmawy Amine Batbat Emad M.Abdallah Wafa Laaboudi Mohammed Aladhadh Fahad M.Alshabrmi Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser Mohamed Addi Naoufal El Hachlafi Department of Biology College of SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmcology Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health SciencesFaculty of MedicinePharmacy and DentistrySidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityFez30000Morocco Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles Biotechnologie et Environnement(LAPABE)Facultédes SciencesMoroccodes SciencesUniversitéMohammed PremierOujda60000Morocco Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyGulf Medical UniversityAjmanP.O.Box 4184United Arab Emirates Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyAin Shams UniversityAbbassiaCairo11566Egypt Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and TechniquesSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityImouzzer RoadFez30000Morocco Department of Biology College of ScienceQassim UniversityQassim51452Saudi Arabia High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Fez Fez30050Morocco Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition College of Agriculture and FoodQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of PharmacyQassim UniversityBuraydah52571Saudi Arabia faculty of Medicine and pharmacy Ibn Zohr UniversityGuelmim81000Morocco

Thymus serpyllum L.,often known as wild thyme,has been used since ancient times due to its multifaceted culinary and medicinal *** is usually utilized in folk medicine to manage different health *** work aimed to investigate the chemical composition and biological characteristics of *** essential oil(EO),including its antimicrobial,antioxidant,and anti-inflammatory ***,we have prompted an in-silico simulation to reveal the underlying mode of action of these *** chemical characterization of ***(EO)by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS)indicated sabinene(17.33%),terpinen-4-ol(11.73%),phellandral(13.18%),and thymol(10.54%)as main *** antimicrobial screening utilized the disc-diffusion technique,MIC,and MBC *** disc-diffusion test’s results revealed significant anti-Candida activity and notable antibacterial *** MIC and MBC tests showed that *** EO effectively stops bacterial growth,including Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains and Candida *** tolerance level ratio demonstrated that this EO exhibits bactericidal and fungicidal effects on all tested bacteria and Candida ***,*** EO presented effective inhibitory activity against the 5-lipoxygenase(5-LOX)enzyme(IC50=744.19±0.1µg/mL)(p<0.05).It also effectively affected FRAP,β-carotene,DPPH,and ABTS *** light of these findings,*** holds promise for diverse applications across pharmaceuticals,nutraceuticals,and the food ***,further research and collaboration between traditional knowledge and modern medicine are crucial to fully realizing its potential benefits in these fields.

关键词： Thymus serpyllum GC-MS antimicrobial oxidative stress anti-inflammatory in silico

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Role of copper chelating agents: between old applications and new perspectives in neuroscience

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 751-762页

作者： Rosalba Leuci Leonardo Brunetti Vincenzo Tufarelli Marco Cerini Marco Paparella Nikola Puvača Luca Piemontese Department of pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area(DiMePRe-J) Section of Veterinary Science and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi SadUniversity Business Academy in Novi SadNovi SadSerbia

The role of copper element has been an increasingly relevant topic in recent years in the fields of human and animal health, for both the study of new drugs and innovative food and feed supplements. This metal plays an important role in the central nervous system, where it is associated with glutamatergic signaling, and it is widely involved in inflammatory processes. Thus, diseases involving copper(Ⅱ) dyshomeostasis often have neurological symptoms, as exemplified by Alzheimer's and other diseases(such as Parkinson's and Wilson's diseases). Moreover, imbalanced copper ion concentrations have also been associated with diabetes and certain types of cancer, including glioma. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive overview of recent results that show the importance of these metal ions in several pathologies, mainly Alzheimer's disease, through the lens of the development and use of copper chelators as research compounds and potential therapeutics if included in multi-target hybrid drugs. Seeing how copper homeostasis is important for the well-being of animals as well as humans, we shortly describe the state of the art regarding the effects of copper and its chelators in agriculture, livestock rearing, and aquaculture, as ingredients for the formulation of feed supplements as well as to prevent the effects of pollution on animal productions.

关键词： agriculture Alzheimer's disease chelators copper feed supplements multi-target

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Rosa moschata ameliorates haloperidol-induced Parkinson's disease via reduction of neurodegeneration and oxidative stress

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2025年第1期15卷 24-33,I0013-I0015页

作者： Badriyah S.Alotaibi Uzma Saleem Maryam Farrukh Zunera Chaudhary Nabia Anwar Ifat Alsharif Abdullah R.Alanzi Tasahil S.Albishi Fatima A.Jaber Wedad Saeed Al-Qahtani Muhammad Ajmal Shah Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Punjab University College of pharmacy University of the PunjabLahore-54000Pakistan Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesGovt.College UniversityFaisalabad-38000Pakistan Department of Biology Jamoum University CollegeUmm Al-Qura University-21955 MakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmacognosy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh-11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of SciencesUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Biological Sciences College of ScienceUniversity of JeddahJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Forensic Sciences College of Criminal JusticeNaif Arab University for Security SciencesP.O.Box 6830Riyadh 11452Saudi Arabia Department of pharmacy Hazara UniversityMansehra-21300Pakistan

Objective:To investigate the effect of Rosa moschata(***)extract on haloperidol-induced Parkinson’s disease(PD)in ***:Haloperidol(1 mg/kg)was given to rats intraperitoneally for 3 weeks for induction of *** extract(150,300 and 600 mg/kg)was administered orally for 21 *** neuroprotective role of *** leaf extract in PD was explored by performing neurobehavioral tests and RT-PCR analysis and measuring neurotransmitters and oxidative stress ***:An improvement in motor functions and muscle strength was observed in PD rats treated with *** *** levels of dopamine,serotonin,noradrenaline,superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione,and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased(P<0.001),whereas acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde levels were markedly decreased by treatment with *** extract(P<0.001).The extract also markedly downregulated the mRNA expressions of IL-1β,α-synuclein,IL-1α,and TNF-αin brain ***,histopathological analysis indicated that neurofibrillary tangles and plaques were noticeably decreased in a dose-dependent manner in PD rats treated with *** ***:*** extract alleviates haloperidol-induced PD in rats by reducing oxidative stress and *** may be used for management and treatment of *** additional studies are required to confirm its efficacy and molecular mechanisms.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Rosa moschata Neurotransmitter,α-Synuclein Haloperidol Neurodegeneration

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L-arginine administration exacerbates myocardial injury in diabetics via prooxidant and proinflammatory mechanisms along with myocardial structural disruption

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第2期16卷 197-215页

作者： Rasha A Mansouri Esam M Aboubakr Huda F Alshaibi Adel M Ahmed Department of Biochemistry Faculty of SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 22254JeddahSaudi Arabia College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj 11942Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy-South Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt Stem Cell Unit King Fahad Medical Research CenterKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacySouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt

BACKGROUND L-arginine(L-Arg)is one of the most widely used amino acids in dietary and pharmacological ***,the evidence on its usefulness and dose limitations,especially in diabetics is still *** To investigate the effects of chronic administration of different doses of L-Arg on the cardiac muscle of type 2 diabetic *** Of 96 male rats were divided into 8 groups as follows(n=12):Control,0.5 g/kg L-Arg,1 g/kg L-Arg,1.5 g/kg L-Arg,diabetic,diabetic+0.5 g/kg L-Arg,diabetic+1 g/kg L-Arg,and diabetic+1.5 g/kg L-Arg;whereas L-Arg was orally administered for 3 months to all treated *** L-Arg produced a moderate upregulation of blood glucose levels to normal rats,but when given to diabetics a significant upregulation was observed,associated with increased nitric oxide,inflammatory cytokines,and malonaldehyde levels in diabetic rats treated with 1 g/kg L-Arg and 1.5 g/kg L-Arg.A substantial decrease in the antioxidant capacity,superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,reduced glutathione concentrations,and Nrf-2 tissue depletion were observed at 1 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg L-Arg diabetic treated groups,associated with myocardial injury,fibrosis,α-smooth muscle actin upregulation,and disruption of desmin cardiac myofilaments,and these effects were not noticeable at normal treated *** the other hand,L-Arg could significantly improve the lipid profile of diabetic rats and decrease their body *** L-Arg dose of 1 g/kg or more can exacerbates the diabetes injurious effects on the myocardium,while 0.5 g/kg dose can improve the lipid profile and decrease the body weight.

关键词： L-arginine administration Type 2 diabetes Cardiac muscle injury Oxidative stress Inflammatory cytokines Desmin disruption

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