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Aging Mongolian pine plantations face high risks of drought-induced growth decline:evidence from both individual tree and forest stand measurements

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第2期35卷 109-120页

作者： Mingyong Li Leilei Yang Yu Cao Dedong Wu Guangyou Hao CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Liaoning ProvinceShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China daqinggou ecological research station Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China research Institute of Sand Control and Utilization Liaoning ProvinceFuxin 123000People’s Republic of China

Discerning vulnerability differences among different aged trees to drought-driven growth decline or to mortality is critical to implement age-specific countermeasures for forest management in water-limited *** important species for afforestation in dry environments of northern China,Mongolian pine(Pinus sylvestris *** Litv.)has recently exhibited growth decline and dieback on many sites,particularly pronounced in old-growth ***,changes in response to drought stress by this species with age as well as the underlying mechanisms are poorly *** this study,tree-ring data and remotely sensed vegetation data were combined to investigate variations in growth at individual tree and stand scales for young(9-13 years)and aging(35-52 years)plantations of Mongolian pine in a water-limited area of northern China.A recent decline in tree-ring width in the older plantation also had lower values in satellited-derived normalized difference vegetation indices and normalized difference water indices relative to the younger *** addition,all measured growth-related metrics were strongly correlated with the self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index during the growing season in the older *** of growth to drought of the older plantation might be attributed to more severe hydraulic limitations,as reflected by their lower sapwood-and leaf-specific hydraulic *** study presents a comprehensive view on changes of growth with age by integrating multiple methods and provides an explanation from the perspective of plant hydraulics for growth decline with *** results indicate that old-growth Mongolian pine plantations in water-limited environments may face increased growth declines under the context of climate warming and drying.

关键词： Tree age Drought stress Mongolian pine plantation Tree rings Remote sensing Plant hydraulics

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil nematode community of soybean farmland

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 45-55页

作者： Huiying Zhang Mengyang Tian Meiguang Jiang Jingyuan Yang Qi Xu Ying Zhang Minglu Ji Yuteng Yao Cancan Zhao Yuan Miao International Joint research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China Henan Dabieshan National Field Observation and research station of Forest Ecosystem Xinyang Academy of Ecological ResearchXinyang464000China

The nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)addition promotes the abundance of soybean soil *** addition of nitrogen can alleviate the suppression of phosphorus on *** addition affects nematode abundance by ammonium nitrogen.

关键词： soil nematodes nitrogen addition phosphorus addition soil food web soybean

Compound events of heatwave and dust storm in the Taklamakan Desert

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2073-2083页

作者： Yuzhi LIU Jianping HUANG Ziyuan TAN Chenglong ZHOU Dan LI Yongkun XIE Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Collaborative Innovation Center for Western ecological Safety Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Taklamakan National station of Observation and research for Desert Meteorology in Xinjiang Urumqi 830002China

Taklamakan Desert(TD)has been characterized by numerous heatwaves and dust storms,leading to negative effects on societies and ecosystems at regional and global ***,the association between heatwaves and dust storms is poorly *** this study,we describe the association between heatwaves and dust events and propose a mechanism for such compound events in the *** results show that,from 1993 to 2022,the frequency and intensity of heatwaves in the TD have increased at a rate of 0.21 days year^(-1)and 0.02℃ year^(-1),*** than 40% of heatwaves existed with dust events,which significantly lagged behind ***,the higher the air temperature,the hotter and drier the soil,leading to more dust emissions in the *** high-occurrence heatwave years,a large-scale wave train of“cyclone-anticyclone-cyclone”in the northwest-southeast direction was found,with the anticyclone of which hovered over the TD *** anomalous anticyclones favored the formation and maintenance of heatwaves,and subsequent anomalous cyclones in the wave train triggered strong dust events followed by *** climate warming,the compound events of heatwave and dust storm are becoming bigger hazards threatening the socioeconomic and ecological security in the TD,the profound study of which is critical to understanding regional extreme responses.

关键词： Heatwave Dust storm Compound events Taklamakan Desert

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Spatiotemporal variability of rain-on-snow events in the arid region of Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 483-499页

作者： YANG Zhiwei CHEN Rensheng LIU Zhangwen ZHAO Yanni LIU Yiwen WU Wentong Qilian Alpine Ecology and Hydrology research station Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Rain-on-snow(ROS)events involve rainfall on snow surfaces,and the occurrence of ROS events can exacerbate water scarcity and ecosystem vulnerability in the arid region of Northwest China(ARNC).In this study,using daily snow depth data and daily meteorological data from 68 meteorological stations provided by the China Meteorological Administration National Meteorological Information Centre,we investigated the spatiotemporal variability of ROS events in the ARNC from 1978 to 2015 and examined the factors affecting these events and possible changes of future ROS events in the *** results showed that ROS events in the ARNC mainly occurred from October to May of the following year and were largely distributed in the Qilian Mountains,Tianshan Mountains,Ili River Valley,Tacheng Prefecture,and Altay Prefecture,with the Ili River Valley,Tacheng City,and Altay Mountains exhibiting the most *** on the intensity of ROS events,the areas with the highest risk of flooding resulting from ROS events in the ARNC were the Tianshan Mountains,Ili River Valley,Tacheng City,and Altay *** number and intensity of ROS events in the ARNC largely increased from 1978 to 2015,mainly influenced by air temperature and the number of rainfall ***,due to the snowpack abundance in areas experiencing frequent ROS events in the ARNC,snowpack changes exerted slight impact on ROS events,which is a temporary ***,elevation imposed lesser impact on ROS events in the ARNC than other *** the ARNC,the start time of rainfall and the end time of snowpack gradually advanced from the spring of the current year to the winter of the previous year,while the end time of rainfall and the start time of snowpack gradually delayed from autumn to *** may lead to more ROS events in winter in the *** results could provide a sound basis for managing water resources and mitigating related disasters caused by ROS events in the ARNC.

关键词： rain-on-snow events snowpack snowmelt climate change Spearman's rank correlation arid region of Northwest China

Molecular compositions and sources of organic aerosols at a rural site on the Guanzhong Plain,Northwest China:The importance of biomass burning

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 44-56页

作者： Yali Liu Minxia Shen Haijiao Liu Wenting Dai Weining Qi Yifan Zhang Lu Li Yue Cao Xin Wang Xiao Guo Yingkun Jiang Jianjun Li State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and PhysicsInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment research Xi'an 710061China National Observation and research station of Regional ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain ShaanxiChina

The concentration of PM_(2.5)has considerably reduced in recent years,but remains relatively high in *** particular,the increasing contribution of organic compounds to PM_(2.5)generates popular pressure for further reductions,resulting in an urgent need to study organic aerosol(OA).To investigate the molecular composition and source contribution of OA in the rural area of the Guanzhong Plain,Northwest China,PM_(2.5)samples were collected during 3–23 August 2016 and 5–20 January 2017 and studied for more than 100 organic tracer *** mean concentration of total measured organic compounds is 662±296 ng/m^(3)in summer and 3258±1925 ng/m^(3)in *** is the most abundant single compound found throughout the sampling period,which is a crucial tracer for biomass burning emissions,preliminary suggesting that biomass burning is an essential source of *** summer,organic compounds such as lipid compounds,sugar compounds,and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),more come from higher plants,wood burning,vehicle exhausts,plastic waste,and other direct emission *** PAHs(OPAHs),nitrophenols,and phthalic acids more come from the atmosphere through the oxidation reaction of aromatic precursors,especially photochemical ***,in winter,most of the increases in concentrations of organic compounds are attributed to biomass *** analysis of a haze event(14–19 January 2017)during the winter sampling period shows that the increases in the concentration of organic compounds are unaccompanied by strong secondary formation under lower relative humidity(49.1%±13.5%).The main reason for the growth of OA in this haze event is the accumulation of primary OA(POA).The source apportionment by the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model shows that biomass burning(37.1%)is the primary source of OA in the rural regions of the Guanzhong Plain,especially in winter(40.6%).The contribution of secondary formation decreases from 26.0%in summer t

关键词： Organic aerosol Molecular composition Seasonal variation Source apportionment Guanzhong Plain

Unveiling evapotranspiration patterns and energy balance in a subalpine forest of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:observations and analysis from an eddy covariance system

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第3期35卷 175-188页

作者： Niu Zhu Jinniu Wang Dongliang Luo Xufeng Wang Cheng Shen Ning Wu Ning Zhang Binghui Tian Aihong Gai Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041People's Republic of China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070People's Republic of China Mangkang ecological Monitoring station Tibet Ecological Security Barrier Ecological Monitoring NetworkQamdo 854500People's Republic of China Northwest Institute of Eco Environmental Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China

Evapotranspiration is an important parameter used to characterize the water cycle of *** under-stand the properties of the evapotranspiration and energy balance of a subalpine forest in the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,an open-path eddy covariance system was set up to monitor the forest from November 2020 to October 2021 in a core area of the Three Parallel Rivers in the Qing-hai-Tibet *** results show that the evapotranspira-tion peaked daily,the maximum occurring between 11:00 and 15:*** factors had significant effects on evapotranspiration,among them,net radiation the greatest(R^(2)=0.487),and relative humidity the least(R^(2)=0.001).The energy flux varied considerably in different seasons and sensible heat flux accounted for the main part of turbulent *** energy balance ratio in the dormant season was less than that in the growing season,and there is an energy imbalance at the site on an annual time scale.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Energy balance Subalpine forest Three Parallel Rivers region Southeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Deterministic processes drive turnover-dominated beta diversity of breeding birds along the central Himalayan elevation gradient

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Avian research 2024年第2期15卷 163-171页

作者： Zhifeng Ding Jianchao Liang Le Yang Cong Wei Huijian Hu Xingfeng Si Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Institute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong510260China Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa850001China Zhejiang Zhoushan Island Ecosystem Observation and research station Institute of Eco-ChongmingZhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China

Beta diversity,the variation of community composition among sites,bridges alpha and gamma diversity and can reveal the mechanisms of community assembly through applying distance-decay models and/or partitioning beta diversity into turnover and nestedness components from functional and phylogenetic *** as the most natural experiment system provide good opportunities for exploring beta diversity patterns and the underlying ecological ***,we simultaneously consider distance-decay models and multiple di-mensions of beta diversity to examine spatial variations of bird communities,and to evaluate the relative importance of niche-based and neutral community assembly mechanisms along a 3600-m elevational gradient in the central Himalayas,*** results showed that species turnover dominates taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta *** observed strongest evidence of spatial distance decays in taxonomic similarities of birds,followed by its phylogenetic and functional *** component was highest in taxonomic beta diversity,while nestedness component was highest in functional beta ***,all correlations of assemblage similarity with climatic distance were higher than that with spatial *** values of overall taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity and their turnover components increase with increasing elevational distance,while the standardized values of taxonomic and phylogenetic nestedness decreased with increasing elevational *** results highlighted the niche-based deterministic processes in shaping elevational bird diversity patterns that were determined by the relative roles of decreasing trend of environmental filtering and increasing trend of limiting similarity along elevation distances.

关键词： Beta diversity Bird Community assembly Functional trait Himalaya Nestedenss Phylogenetic distance Turnover

Exploring social-ecological system resilience in South China Karst:Quantification,interaction and policy implication

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 289-301页

作者： Tiantian Chen Yuxi Wang Li Peng Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Process and ecological Restoration in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Chongqing Field Observation and research station of Surface ecological Process in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Chongqing 401331China College of Geography and Resources Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610066China

China’s Grain to Green Program(GTGP),which is one of the largest payments for ecosystem services(PES)in the world,has made significant ecological improvements to the ***,current understanding of its outcomes on the social-ecological system(SES)remains ***,taking the South China Karst as an example,a SES resilience evaluation index system was constructed followed by an exploratory spatial analysis,root mean square error,and Self-Organizing Feature Map to clarify the spatiotemporal changes and relationship of SES resilience,achieve the zoning of SES resilience and provide restoration *** results showed an upward trend in social resilience from 2000 to 2020,especially its subsystem of social *** ecological resilience was stable,owing to a slightly declined ecosystem services and increased landscape ***,nearly half of the counties exhibited a distribution mismatch in SES *** was an obvious inverted U-shaped relationship of SES resilience,indicating a clear threshold effect,and the constraint relation-ship of SES resilience eased over time,demonstrating the effectiveness of the ecological restoration *** played a positive role in reducing regional SES trade-off,but this positive effect was limited,reflecting the limitations of overemphasizing the conversion from farmland to forest and *** SES resilience can be divided into four clusters,which were the key optimization zone for social system,the SES resilience safety zone,the key restoration zone for SES resilience,and the key optimization zone for ecological *** adjustments for the GTGP in these zones should be taken to achieve maximum SES benefits in the future.

关键词： SES resilience Trade-off Clustering GTGP South China Karst

Salinity Acclimation Induces Reduced Energy Metabolism,Osmotic Pressure Regulation and Transcriptional Reprogramming in Hypotrichida Ciliate Gastrostyla setifera

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 539-549页

作者： JI Xin BI Luping ZOU Songbao LI Wenlu JI Daode ZHANG Qianqian School of Ocean Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries Huzhou 313001China Muping Coastal Environment research station Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264117China

Coastal and estuarine protists are frequently exposed to salinity *** the tolerance and stress responses of microalgae to salinity have been extensively studied,there have been scarce studies on the physiological response of heterotrophic protists to salinity *** this study,we investigated the physiological response of the heterotrophic ciliate Gastrostyla setifera to a salinity of 3,via a transcriptomic *** first transcriptome of genus Gastrostyla was obtained utilizing a group of manually isolated ciliate individuals(cells)and RNA-seq *** completeness of the transcriptome was *** expressed gene(DEG)analysis was performed among the transcriptomes of *** acclimated in saline water(salinity 3)and those cultured in fresh *** results demonstrated a significant alternation in gene transcription,in which the ciliate exhibits a transcripttomic acclimation in responding salinity *** up-regulated DEGs were enriched in the pathways of cytoskeleton proteins,membrane trafficking,protein kinases and protein *** may represent enhanced functions of ion transport,stress response and cell *** involved in energy metabolism and biosynthesis were markedly down-regulated,reflecting decreased cell ***,we detected significantly down-regulated genes involved in several pathways of amino acid catabolism,which may lead to accumulation of amino acids in the ciliate *** acid could act as compatible solutes in the cytoplasm to maintain the osmotic balance in saline ***,this work is an initial exploration to the molecular basis of the heterotrophic protist responding to salinity *** result sheds light on the mechanisms of enhancement of cell protection,reduction of cell activity,and osmotic pressure regulation in ciliates acclimated to salinity.

关键词： salinity stress heterotrophic protist ciliate Gastrostyla setifera transcriptome differentially expressed gene