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Temperature dependence of dielectric breakdown of silicone-based dielectric elastomers

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2020年第2期11卷 129-146页

作者： Liyun Yu Sindhu Vudayagiri Lucy Ajakaiye Jensen Anne Ladegaard Skov danish polymer centre Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark

A large number of insulation/dielectric failures in power systems are related to thermally-induced dielectrical breakdown,also known as‘thermal breakdown’,at higher operating *** this work,the thermal breakdown behavior of typical silicone formulations,used as dielectrics in stretchable electronic devices,is analyzed at practically relevant operating temperatures ranging from 20℃ to 80℃.An effective way of delaying the thermal breakdown of insulating materials is to blend micro-or nano-sized inorganic particles with high thermal conductivity,to dissipate better any losses generated during energy ***,two types of commercial silicone formulations,blended with two types of rutile hydrophobic,high-dielectric TiO_(2) fillers,are investigated in relation to their dielectric properties,namely,relative permittivity,the dissipation factor,and electrical breakdown *** breakdown strengths of these silicone composites are subsequently evaluated using Weibull analysis,which indicates a negative correlation between temperature and shape parameter for all compositions,thus illustrating that the homogeneity of the samples decreases in line with temperature,but the breakdown strengths nevertheless increase initially due to the trapping effect from the high-permittivity fillers.

关键词： Silicone elastomers titanium dioxide fillers dielectric breakdown strength Weibull temperature

Degradation patterns of silicone-based dielectric elastomers in electrical fields

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2018年第4期9卷 217-232,I0001页

作者： Liyun Yu Frederikke B.Madsen Anne L.Skov danish polymer centre Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark

Silicone elastomers have been heavily investigated as candidates for the flexible insulator material in dielectric elastomer transducers and are as such almost ideal candidates because of their inherent softness and ***,silicone elastomers suffer from low dielectric *** shortcoming has been attempted optimized through different approaches during recent *** optimization with the sole purpose of increasing the dielectric permittivity may lead to the introduction of problematic phenomena such as premature electrical breakdown due to high leakage currents of the thin elastomer *** this work,electrical breakdown phenomena of various types of permittivity-enhanced silicone elastomers are *** showed that different types of polymer backbone chemistries lead to differences in electrical breakdown patterns,which were revealed through SEM *** may pave the way towards a better understanding of electrical breakdown mechanisms of dielectric elastomers and potentially lead to materials with increased electrical breakdown strengths.

关键词： Silicone elastomers dielectric electrical breakdown voltage stabilization characterization

Silicone rubbers for dielectric elastomers with improved dielectric and mechanical properties as a result of substituting silica with titanium dioxide

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2015年第4期6卷 268-289页

作者： Liyun Yu Anne Ladegaard Skov The danish polymer centre Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

One prominent method of modifying the properties of dielectric elastomers(DEs)is by adding suitable metal oxide ***,almost all commercially available sili-cone elastomers are already heavily filled with silica to reinforce the otherwise rather weak silicone network and the resulting metal oxide filled elastomer may contain too much *** therefore explore the replacement of silica with titanium dioxide to ensure a relatively low concentration of *** silicone rubber(LSR)has relatively low viscosity,which is favorable for loading inorganic *** the present study,four commercial LSRs with varying loadings of silica and one benchmark room-temperature vulcanizable rubber(RTV)were *** resulting elastomers were evaluated with respect to their dielectric permittivity,tear and tensile strengths,electrical breakdown,thermal stability and dynamic *** silicone elasto-mers with high loadings of nano-sized titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))particles were also *** best overall performing formulation had 35 wt.%TiO_(2) nanoparticles in the POWERSIL®XLR LSR,where the excellent ensemble of relative dielectric permittivity of 4.9 at 0.1 Hz,breakdown strength of 160 V µm^(−1),tear strength of 5.3 MPa,elongation at break of 190%,a Young’s modulus of 0.85 MPa and a 10% strain response(simple tension)in a 50 Vμm^(−1) electric field was obtained.

关键词： silicone rubber titanium dioxide dielectric permittivity mechanical properties electrical breakdown

polymer SCAFFOLDS BEARING AZOBENZENE-POTENTIAL FOR OPTICAL INFORMATION STORAGE

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2001年第2期19卷 147-153页

作者： Sφren Hvilsted P.S.Ramanujam danish polymer centre Chemical Engineering Department Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby DenmarkOptics and Fluid Dynamics Department Risφ National LaboratoryDK-4000 Roskilde Denmark

The fundamental optical storage mechanism of the laser light eddressable azobenzene moiety is briefly introduced.A modular and flexible synthesis design furnishes polyester matrices covalently integrating cyanoazobenzene in regularlyspaced side chains. Thin films of these materials are particularly well suited for holographic storape. Notable figures of meritsof liquid crystalline polyesters are response time to blue-green laser light of the order of nanoseconds, storage capacityexpressed as 5000 lines/mm, and high, permanent (almost nine years) diffraction efficiency of the order of 50% or greater,and erasability, The implications of the main chain nature for polyester morphology and for the permanency of the inducedanisotropy are discussed, The design and methods of preparation of other significantly different polymer scaffolds supportingcyanoazobenzene are elaborated. Oligopeptides always result in amorphous materials, whereas copolymethacrylates anddendritic or hyperbranched polyesters provide some materials that exhibit liquid crystallinity. However, none of these scaffolds affords materials that result in permanent anisotropy when exposed to interfering laser light.

关键词： Azobenzene side-chain polymers Copolymethacrylates Dendrimers Holographic storage LC and amorphous polyesters Morphology Oligopeptides

Incorporation of liquid fillers into silicone foams to enhance the electro-mechanical properties

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2020年第1期11卷 11-23页

作者： Min Liu Liyun Yu Sindhu Vudayagiri Anne Ladegaard Skov School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina danish polymer centre Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark

Silicone foams with and without liquid fillers(silicone oils of various types and glycerol,respectively)are synthesized and analyzed to be used as dielectric layers in capacitive sensors.A simple fabrication technique involving only four components *** 184,glycerol,sodium hydroxide and ethanol is used to make these silicone foams after which they are filled with silicone oil or glycerol by soaking the foam in respective *** and dielectric properties of the foams are *** oil reinforces the foam’s dielectric properties,softens the foam and improves its capacitive response,making it a very good dielectric material for fabricating capacitive pressure *** to dry silicone foams,foams filled with-and swollen by-chloropropyl-functional silicone oil,show a low Young’smodulus(31 kPa),a high and stable relative dielectric permittivity of around 5,and a high capacitive response of 132%for an appliedpressureof 12 *** of oil stabilizes the soft foam and ensures that it does not buckle under high pressure.

关键词： Silicone foams electro-mechanical capacitive pressure sensors glycerol silicone oil chloropropyl-functional silicone oil

Nanostructures and catalytic atoms engineering of tellurium-based materials and their roles in electrochemical energy conversion

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SmartMat 2023年第1期4卷 72-105页

作者： Tiantian Li Yuting Deng Xiao Rong Chao He Mi Zhou Yuanjiao Tang Hongju Zhou Chong Cheng Changsheng Zhao State Key Laboratory of polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Nephrology Department of UltrasoundWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Physics Chemistry and PharmacyDanish Institute for Advanced Study(DIAS)University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark Med-X Center for Materials Sichuan UniversityChengduChina College of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina

With the dramatic developments of renewable and environmental-friendly electrochemical energy conversion systems,there is an urgent need to fabricate durable and efficient electrocatalysts to address the limitation of high overpotentials exceeding thermodynamic requirements to facilitate practical ***,tellurium-based nanomaterials(Te NMs)with unique chemical,electronic,and topological properties,including Te-derived nanostructures and transition metal tellurides(TMTs),have emerged as one of the most promising electrocatalytic *** the absence of comprehensive and guiding reviews,this review comprehensively summarizes the main advances in designing emerging Te NMs for ***,the engineering strategies and principles of Te NMs to enhance their electrocatalytic activity and stability from the nanostructures to the catalytic atoms are discussed in detail,especially on the chemical/physical/multiplex templating strategies,heteroatom doping,vacancy/defect engineering,phase engineering,and the corresponding mechanisms and structure-performance ***,typical applications of Te NMs in electrocatalysis are also discussed in ***,the existing key issues and main challenges of Te NMs for electrocatalysis are highlighted,and the development trend of Te NMs as electrocatalysts is *** review provides new concepts to guide future directions for developing Te NMs-based electrocatalysts,thereby promoting their future wide applications in electrochemical energy systems.

关键词： electrocatalytic applications energy conversion nanocatalysts and nanostructures Te-based materials transition metal tellurides

Slot-die coated large-area flexible all-polymer solar cells by nonhalogenated solvent

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Nano Research 2023年第12期16卷 13008-13013页

作者： Yi-Fan Shen Jianqi Zhang Chenyang Tian Dingding Qiu Zhixiang Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Sino-danish Center for Education and Research Sino-Danish CollegeUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The slot-die coating is recognized as the most compatible method for the roll-to-roll(R2R)processing of large-area flexible organic solar cells(OSCs).However,the photovoltaic performance of the large-area flexible all-polymer solar cells was significantly lagging behind that of polymer donors with small molecule non-fullerene acceptors *** this work,the 1 cm^(2) flexible device of an all-polymer system,PTQ10:PYF-T-o,fabricated by slot-die coating,achieves an excellent efficiency of 11.24%via controlling the coating *** is found that,compared with the donor,the crystallinity of PYF-T-o plays a crucial role in device *** all-polymer flexible devices show superior mechanical bending stability,maintaining an efficiency of over 95%of the initial value during a 1000-cycle bending test.

关键词： organic solar cells slot-die coating non-halogenated solvent flexible large-area devices morphology control

Conjugation expansion strategy enables highly stable all-polymer solar cells

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中国化学快报:英文版 2023年第8期34卷 439-443页

作者： Dingding Qiu Yanan Shi Yi Li Jianqi Zhang Kun Lu Zhixiang Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemistry Molecular Dynamic Chemistry CenterTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic SciencesSchool of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300354China Sino-danish Center for Education and Research Sino-Danish CollegeUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The stability issue is one of the key factors hindering the commercial application of organic solar ***-polymer organic solar cell is one of the effective ways to solve the stability *** this work,we designed and synthesized two polymer donor materials PBDT and PDTBDT with different conjugation ranges,and demonstrated for the first time that extending the conjugation range of donor materials in all polymer solar cells can significantly improve device efficiency and *** experimental results of materials and devices show that PDTBDT with a larger conjugation range has stronger crystallinity and a more planar structure,which endows the active layer in its corresponding device with higher exciton dissociation probability,lower carrier recombination probability,more balanced charge transport properties and more favorable film *** a result,the PDTBDT:PYF-T-o devices display an outstanding PCE of 13.38%,which is much higher than PBDT with smaller conjugation range based ***,the PDTBDT:PYF-T-o device retains 0.86 of the initial PCE after over 500 h in the air atmosphere,exhibiting significantly improved *** improved stability is attributed to the enhanced moisture and air tolerance of active layer film thanks to the strong crystallinity of the donor *** results demonstrate that the conjugation expansion strategy is one of the effective ways to obtain efficient and stable all-polymer organic solar cells.

关键词： polymer donor Conjugation expansion All-polymer organic solar cells Stability Crystallinity

A novel PD-L1 targeting peptide self-assembled nanofibers for sensitive tumor imaging and photothermal immunotherapy in vivo

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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 7286-7294页

作者： Linping Fu Jianhu Zhang Chenchen Wu Weizhi Wang Dong Wang Zhiyuan Hu Zihua Wang CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China School of Nanoscience and Technology Sino-Danish CollegeUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350122China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Programmed death 1(PD-1)and its ligand PD-L1 are two typical immune ***-based immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)strategy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 achieved a significant therapeutic effect on ***,due to the impenetrability of antibody drugs and the occurrence of immune-related adverse events,only a minority of patients benefit from this *** multimerization has been widely proved to be an effective method to improve receptor binding affinity through a multivalent synergistic *** this study,we report a novel peptide-aggregation-induced emission(AIE)hybrid supramolecular TAP,which can self-assemble into nanofibers through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds,with a specific nanomolar affinity to PD-L1 in vivo and in *** with near-infrared agents,it can be used for tumor imaging and photothermal therapy,which enables photothermal ablation of cancer cells for generating tumor-associated antigen(TAA)and triggering a series of immunological ***,our work suggests that synthetic self-assembled peptide nanofibers can be developed as attractive platforms for active photothermal immunotherapies against cancer.

关键词： programmed death 1(PD-1) targeting peptide self-assembly immune checkpoint blockade photothermal therapy