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Bimetallic Single‑Atom Catalysts for Water Splitting

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 1-45页

作者： Megha A.Deshmukh Aristides Bakandritsos Radek Zbořil Nanotechnology centre Centre for Energy and Environmental TechnologiesVŠB–Technical University of Ostrava17.listopadu 2172/1570800 Ostrava‑PorubaCzech Republic Regional centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute(CATRIN)Palacky University OlomoucŠlechtitelů241/2778371 Olomouc–HoliceCzech Republic

Green hydrogen from water splitting has emerged as a critical energy vector with the potential to spearhead the global transition to a fossil fuel-independent *** field of catalysis has been revolutionized by single-atom catalysts(SACs),which exhibit unique and intricate interactions between atomically dispersed metal atoms and their ***,bimetallic SACs(bimSACs)have garnered significant attention for leveraging the synergistic functions of two metal ions coordinated on appropriately designed *** offer an avenue for rich metal–metal and metal–support cooperativity,potentially addressing current limitations of SACs in effectively furnishing transformations which involve synchronous proton–electron exchanges,substrate activation with reversible redox cycles,simultaneous multi-electron transfer,regulation of spin states,tuning of electronic properties,and cyclic transition states with low activation *** review aims to encapsulate the growing advancements in bimSACs,with an emphasis on their pivotal role in hydrogen generation via water *** subsequently delve into advanced experimental methodologies for the elaborate characterization of SACs,elucidate their electronic properties,and discuss their local coordination ***,we present comprehensive discussion on the deployment of bimSACs in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,the two half-reactions of the water electrolysis process.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Single-atom dimers Hydrogen evolution Oxygen evolution Water splitting

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Unsupervised ore/waste classification on open-cut mine faces using close-range hyperspectral data

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第4期14卷 89-99页

作者： Lloyd Windrim Arman Melkumyan Richard J.Murphy Anna Chlingaryan Raymond Leung Rio Tinto centre for Mine Automation Australian Centre for Field RoboticsThe University of SydneySydney 2006Australia

The remote mapping of minerals and discrimination of ore and waste on surfaces are important tasks for geological applications such as those in *** tasks have become possible using ground-based,close-range hyperspectral sensors which can remotely measure the reflectance properties of the environ-ment with high spatial and spectral ***,autonomous mapping of mineral spectra mea-sured on an open-cut mine face remains a challenging problem due to the subtleness of differences in spectral absorption features between mineral and rock classes as well as variability in the illumination of the *** additional layer of difficulty arises when there is no annotated data available to train a supervised learning algorithm.A pipeline for unsupervised mapping of spectra on a mine face is pro-posed which draws from several recent advances in the hyperspectral machine learning *** proposed pipeline brings together unsupervised and self-supervised algorithms in a unified system to map minerals on a mine face without the need for human-annotated training *** pipeline is eval-uated with a hyperspectral image dataset of an open-cut mine face comprising mineral ore martite and non-mineralised *** combined system is shown to produce a superior map to its constituent algo-rithms,and the consistency of its mapping capability is demonstrated using data acquired at two differ-ent times of day.

关键词： Hyperspectral imaging Mineral mapping Open-cut mine face Machine learning Convolutional neural networks Illumination invariance

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Faunal richness and checklist of sandflies (Diptera: Pyschodidae) in India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第5期16卷 193-203页

作者： Harish Kumar Shah Fathima P A N Pradeep Kumar Ashwani Kumar Prasanta Saini ICMR-Vector Control Research centre(field Station) KottayamKeralaIndia

This review aims to fill the voids and to update the checklist of sandfly fauna along with its spatial distribution in *** databases *** online or offline were searched to deduce the information to systematize the Indian sandfly ***/data retrieved were screened and analysed to further update the available latest *** species name and authorship were given in accord with the International Code for Zoological *** compiled an updated checklist of reported Indian sandfly species along with their state-wise distribution till 2022 as per published *** has maximum number of species reports when compared to other endemic states and states with pockets of *** argentipes is the most widely distributed,recorded so far,followed by other Sergentomiya and Phlebotomus species in *** this review,we have also described the vector and non-vector species of sandfly prevalent in different parts of the *** eoindianensis,an amber fossil sandfly species recorded from Gujarat might be older than other records of Indian sandfly *** far 69 species(4 genera and 15 subgenera/groups)of Phlebotomine sandflies have been recorded in *** knowledge of species diversity and its distribution is a prerequisite for planning a systematic vector control strategy and disease management.

关键词： Indian sandfly fauna Checklist Phlebotomine sandflies

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Morphological and molecular description of a new species of sandfly,Sergentomyia(Neophlebotomus)ashwanii ***.(Diptera:Psychodidae)from Western Ghats,India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第5期17卷 226-234页

作者： Prasanta Saini Harish Kumar Shah Mathew Jessu Sonia T Tom Anns KP Amju ICMR-Vector Control Research centre(field Station) KottayamKeralaIndia

Objective:To report a new species of sandfly,Sergentomyia(Neophlebotomus)ashwanii ***.(Diptera:Psychodidae)from Western Ghats,***:A systematic sandfly survey was conducted in the Thrissur and Kollam districts of Kerala,India using mechanical aspirators,light and sticky traps,both indoor and outdoor habitats,for a period of one *** acid barcoding of samples was performed targeting mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I(COI)gene and sequence generated was subjected to phylogenetic ***:Sergentomyia(Neophlebotomus)ashwanii,a new sandfly species is recorded and described in this communication.A single row of 10-12 pointed teeth in the cibarium with 4-6 small denticles or fore-teeth are the key characteristics that is distinctive from other members of the subgenus *** COI barcode followed by phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence confirms that specimens of the species belong to the same taxonomic group while the genetic distance(14.2%)with the congeners established it to be a different ***:The Western Ghats'being an important biodiversity hotspot and has dearth of systematic entomological surveys on *** current study tried to fill the void and also report a new sandfly species.

关键词： Sergentomyia(Neophlebotomus)ashwanii COI barcode Western Ghats Phlebotomine sandflies

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Foraging site recursion by forest elephants Elephas maximus borneensis

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Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 551-559页

作者： Megan ENGLISH Marc ANCRENAZ Graeme GILLESPIE Benoit GOOSSENS Sen NATHAN Wayne LINKLATER centre for Biodiversity and Restoration Ecology School of Biological Sciences New Kirk Building Kelburn Parade Kelburn Campus Victoria University of Wellington 6012 New Zealand Hutan Kinabatangan Orangutan Conservation Project and Elephant Conservation Unit Sukau Kinabatangan Sabah Malaysia Zoology Department University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia danau girang field centre c/o Sabah Wildlife Department Wisma Muis 88100 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia Organisms and Environment Division School of Biosciences Cardiff University Sir Martin Evans Building Museum AvenueCardiff CF10 3AX UK Sabah Wildlife Department Wisma Muis 88100 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia centre for African Conservation Ecology Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Port Elizabeth South Africa

Recursion by herbivores is the repeated use of the same site or plants. Recursion by wild animals is rarely investigated but may be ubiquitous. Optimal foraging theory predicts site recursion as a function of the quality of the site, extent of its last use, and time since its last use because these influence site resource status and recovery. We used GPS collars, behaviour and site sampling to investigate recursion to foraging sites for two elephant Elephas maximus borneensis herds in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Borneo, over a 12 month period. Recursion occurred to 48 out of 87 foraging sites and was most common within 48 hours or between 151-250 days, indicating two different types ofrecursion. Recursion was more likely to occur if the site had previously been occupied for longer. Moreover, the time spent at a site at recursion was the same as the time spent at the site on the first occasion. The number of days that had passed between the first visit and recursion was also positively correlated with how much time was spent at the site at recursion. Habitat type also influenced the intensity of site-use, with more time spent at recursion within riverine/open grass areas along forest margins compared to other habitat types. Recursion is a common behaviour used by the elephants and its pattern suggests it may be a foraging strategy for revisiting areas of greater value. The qualities of recursion sites might usefully be incorporated into landscape management strategies for elephant conservation in the area [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 551-559, 2014].

关键词： Asian elephant Recursion Site re-use Herbivory Megaherbivore Optimal foraging

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Vegetable Production After Flooded Rice Improves Soil Properties in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 130-139页

作者： Arij P.EVERAARTS Jacques J.NEETESON Pham T.T.HUONG Paul C.STRUIK Applied Plant Research Wageningen University and Research Centre Plant Research International Wageningen University and Research Centre field Crop Research Institute Hai Duong and Hanoi University of Agriculture centre for Crop Systems Analysis Wageningen University

Vegetable production in South East Asia often is in rotation with flooded rice. The puddling of the soil with flooded rice production may result in unfavourable soil conditions for the subsequent production of dry land crops. To establish whether permanent vegetable production results in favourable soil conditions for vegetables, the effects of five different permanent vegetable production systems and a system of vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice on soil properties after flooded rice were studied in a 2-year field experiment. Bulk density at 0.05–0.10 m depth layer decreased with permanent vegetable production and vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice. The decrease in bulk density was influenced by the application of organic manure and rice husks, and especially by the number of crops cultivated, suggesting that frequency of soil tillage had a major effect on bulk density. Ploughing with buffalo traction after flooded rice, in combination with construction of raised beds, could reduce or totally eliminate negative effects of puddling on soil structure. Bulk density at 0.15–0.20 m soil depth was not influenced. Soil acidity decreased significantly in all systems. Soil organic carbon increased in all systems, but significant increase was only found in two permanent vegetable production systems. Available phosphorus(P) significantly increased in two permanent vegetable production systems, with a positively correlation to the amount of P applied. The significant decrease in bulk density and increase in p H(H2O), after only 2 years, showed that soil conditions after flooded rice could be improved in a short time under intensive vegetable production.

关键词： available phosphorus bulk density organic carbon puddling soil fertility soil improvement

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Development of a PCR methodology to distinguish species members of Culex vishnui subgroup （Diptera： Culicidae）, based on DNA Barcodes

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Insect Science 2017年第2期24卷 336-340页

作者： N. Pradeep Kumar A. R. Rajavel P. Jambulingam Vector Control Research centre field Station (ICMR) Kottayam Kerala India Vector Control Research centre (ICMR) Indira Nagar Puducherry India

Dear Editor, ＂DNA Barcoding＂ has emerged as a very efficient tool for species identification of diverse group of animals and plants （Stoeckle ＆ Hebert, 2008）. This methodology was proposed as a universal approach... 详细信息

关键词： PCR方法双翅目条形码 DNA 蚊科库蚊物种

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Can incidental sighting data be used to elucidate habitat preferences and areas of suitable habitat for a cryptic species?

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第3期12卷 186-197页

作者： Wesley R.HAUSER Sigrid R.HEISE-PAVLOV Indiana University School of Public and Environmental AffairsBloomingtonIndianaUSA centre for Rainforest Studies School for Field StudiesYungaburraQueenslandAustralia

The involvement of communities in ecological studies has been shown to augment conservation efforts,especially for cryptic ***,there is a lack of studies addressing the utility of incidental sighting records from community members in gaining knowledge on habitat preferences and distribution of suitable habitat for these *** study compares preferences of the Lumholtz’s tree kangaroo(Dendrolagus lumholtzi;LTK),a cryptic rainforest folivore in northeastern Australia,for various habitat and climatic variables derived from data collected during scientific projects to those derived from incidental sighting records using ArcGIS and *** sighting records suggest that the species uses a wider range of altitudes,annual rainfalls,annual mean temperatures and vegetation types than predicted by scientific *** records also show that the species can persist in areas of lower rainfall during the wettest month and lower minimum temperature during the coldest *** data place the species within a comparable range of rainfalls during the driest month,maximum temperatures of the warmest month and soil *** using identified preferences to assess the extent and distribution of suitable habitat,incidental records predicted more areas of suitable habitat than scientific records with an overlap of up to 91%between *** present study proves that incidental sighting records can be a valuable part of the study of cryptic species and should be considered complementarily alongside scientific studies to obtain comprehensive ecological information of a species that can assist in its conservation.

关键词： cryptic species Dendrolagus lumholtzi incidental sighting data habitat preferences Lumholtz’s tree kangaroo

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Tilted pulse front pumping techniques for efficient terahertz pulse generation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第11期12卷 2291-2308页

作者： Gyorgy Toth Gyula Polonyi Janos Hebling University of Pecs Pecs 7624Hungary Szentagothai Research centre Pecs 7624Hungary HUN-REN-PTE High-field Terahertz Research Group Pecs 7624Hungary

Optical rectification of femtosecond laser pulses has emerged as the dominant technique for generating single-and few-cycle terahertz(THz)*** advent of the tilted pulse front pumping(TPFP)velocity matching technique,proposed and implemented two decades ago,has ushered in significant advancements of these THz sources,which are pivotal in the realm of THz pump-probe and material control experiments,which need THz pulses with microjoule energies and several hundred kV/cm electric field ***,these THz sources are poised to play a crucial role in the realization of THz-driven particle accelerators,necessitating millijoule-level pulses with tens of MV/cm electric field *** has enabled the efficient velocity matching in lithium niobate crystals renowned for their extraordinary high nonlinear ***,its adaptation to semiconductor THz sources has resulted in a two-hundred-times enhancement in conversion *** this comprehensive review,we present the seminal achievements of the past two *** expound on the conventional TPFP setup,delineate its scaling limits,and elucidate the novel generation TPFP configurations proposed to surmount these constraints,accompanied by their preliminary ***,we provide an in-depth analysis of the THz absorption,refractive index,and nonlinear coefficient spectra of lithium niobate and widely used semiconductors employed as THz generators,which dictate their suitability as THz *** underscore the far-reaching advantages of tilted pulse front pumping,not only for LN and semiconductor-based THz sources but also for selected organic crystal-based sources and Yb-laserpumped GaP sources,previously regarded as velocity-matched in the literature.

关键词： pumping pulse realization

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Geochemical Characteristics and Geological Significance of Meta-Volcanic Rocks of the Bainaimiao Group, Sonid Right Banner, Inner Mongolia, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第2期30卷 272-285页

作者： Chao Zhang Jingyu Quan Zhenghong Liu Zhongyuan Xu Xuejiao Pang Yujin Zhang Shenyang Center China Geological Survey of Geological College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Shenyang Tests Research centre Northeast China Coal Field Geology Bureau

The Bainaimiao Group, which crops out in the Sonid Right Banner area of Inner Mongolia, China, comprises mainly metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary rocks. This group can be divided into two formations: a lower formation characterized by intermediate-felsic volcanic rocks, and an upper formation of intermediate-mafic volcanic rocks. Zircon dating indicates that biotite leptynite from the lower formation and chlorite-sericite schist from the upper formation crystallized at 499±2 and 478±2 Ma, respectively, corresponding to different volcanic events. Meta-volcanic rocks of the Bainaimiao Group belong to the calcalkaline series, and the SiO2 concentrations suggest that their protoliths were mainly basalts and rhyolites. Greenschist rocks of the group are enriched in light rare earth elements(LREEs) relative to heavy rare earth elements(HREEs), with(La/Yb)N ratios of 3.08–10.9. In addition, they are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements, including Rb, Ba and K, and depleted in the high-field-strength elements Nb, Ta and Ti. The felsic meta-volcanic rocks also exhibit relative enrichments in LREEs compared with HREEs, with high(La/Yb)N ratios of 2.92–9.89, and are enriched in Rb, Ba, Zr and Hf, and depleted in Sr, Nb and Ta. These geochemical characteristics indicate that the meta-basic volcanic rocks were originated from partial melting of sub-arc mantle wedge that had been previously metasomatized by subducted-slab-derived fluids, whereas the meta-felsic volcanic rocks were generated by partial melting of continental crust. These results suggest that the meta-volcanic rocks of the Bainaimiao Group are the products of oceanic plate subduction magmatism along an active continental margin, which can be attributed to Early Paleozoic subduction of the PaleoAsian Ocean plate beneath the northern margin of the North China Craton.

关键词： Inner Mongolia Bainaimiao Group active continental margin northern margin of the North China Craton

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