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The ef.ect of.the f.bre orientation of.electrospun scaf.olds on the matrix production of.rabbit annulus f.brosus-derived stem cells

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Bone Research 2015年第2期3卷 112-120页

作者： Chen Liu Caihong Zhu Jun Li Pinghui Zhou Min Chen Huilin Yang Bin Li department of.Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Orthopedic Institute Soochow University dan f.smith department of.chemical engineering Lamar University

Annulus f.brosus （Af. tissue engineering has recently received increasing attention as a treatment f.r intervertebral disc 0VD） degeneration; however, such engineering remains challenging because of.the remarkable complexity of.Af.tissue. In order to engineer a f.nctional Af.replacement, the f.brication of.cell-scaf.old constructs that mimic the cellular, biochemical and structural f.atures of.native Af.tissue is critical. In this study, we f.bricated aligned f.broua polyurethane scaf.olds using an electrospinning technique and used them f.r culturing Af.derived-stem/progenitor cells （Af.Cs）. Random f.brous scaf.olds, also prepared via electrospinningy were used as a control. We compared the morphology, prolif.ration, gene expression and matrix production of.Af.Cs on aligned scaf.olds and random scaf.olds. There was no apparent dif.erence in the attachment or prolif.ration of.cells cultured on aligned scaf.olds and random scaf.olds. However, compared to cells on random scaf.olds, the Af.Cs on aligned scaf.olds were more elongated and better aligned, and they exhibited higher gene expression and matrix production of.coUagen-I and aggrecan. The gene expression and protein production of.coUagen-II did not appear to dif.er between the two groups. Together, these f.ndings indicate that aligned f.brous scaf.olds may provide a f.vourable microenvironment f.r the dif.erentiation of.Af.Cs into cells similar to outer Af.cells, which predominantly produce collagen-I matrix.

关键词： The ef.ect of.the f.bre orientation of.electrospun scaf.olds on the matrix production of.rabbit annulus f.brosus-derived stem cells f.gure stem

Bioinspired nanomaterials f.r the treatment of.bacterial inf.ctions

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 691-714页

作者： Xiaojing Ma Wenjing Tang Rong Yang Robert f.smith School of.chemical&Biomolecular engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

Inf.ctious diseases pose a serious threat to global *** immunizations can control most viral inf.ctions,bacterial inf.ctions,particularly those caused by drug-resistant strains,continue to cause high rates of.illness and ***,the creation of.new antibiotics has come to a grinding halt in the last ten *** response to this crisis,nanotechnology has emerged as a hopef.l solution to tackle drug resistance and enhance treatment results.A large variety of.biomimetic nanomaterials,termed nanozymes,have demonstrated strong antimicrobial *** the inherent toxicity of.nanomaterials is a concern,recent studies have harnessed the stimuli-responsiveness of.nanomaterials to enable local and/or targeted delivery to reduce the treatment side ***,the physicochemical versatility of.nanomaterials af.ords many degrees of.f.eedom that enable rational design of.smart or autonomous therapeutics,which cannot be achieved using conventional *** design straddles the f.elds of.catalysis,nanoscience,microbiology,and translational *** provide an overview of.this interdisciplinary landscape,this review is organized based on composition into lipid,metal,metal oxide,and non-metallic *** as a delivery vehicle enhance bioavailability and reduce ***-and metal oxide-based nanomaterials inhibit bacterial growth by mimicking natural enzymatic activities such as peroxidase(POD)and ***,carbon-,polymer-,and cell membrane-based nanomaterials are combined into a discussion on non-metallic *** the end of.this review,potentially f.uitf.l directions f.r f.ture bioinspired nanomaterials in inf.ctious disease treatment are included.

关键词： bioinspired nanomaterial bacteria inf.ctious disease antimicrobial liposome nanozyme

On Numerical Simulation of.Black Carbon (Soot) Emissions f.om Non-Premixed f.ames

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Journal of.Geoscience and Environment Protection 2014年第4期2卷 15-24页

作者： Ajit Patki Xianchang Li daniel Chen Helen Lou Peyton Richmond Vijaya Damodara Lan Liu Kader Rasel Arokiaraj Alphones Jenny Zhou dan f. smith department of chemical engineering Lamar University Beaumont TX USA department of.Mechanical engineering Lamar University Beaumont TX USA

Soot emissions (PM 2.5) f.om land-based sources pose a substantial health risk, and now are subject to new and tougher EPA regulations. f.aring produces signif.cant amount of.particulate matter in the f.rm of.soot, along with other harmf.l gas emissions. A f.w experimental studies have previously been done on f.ames burning in a controlled condition. In these lab-experiments, great ef.ort is needed to collect, sample, and analyze the soot so that the emission rate can be calculated. Soot prediction in f.ares is tricky due to variable conditions such as radiation and surrounding air available f.r combustion. Work presented in this paper simulates some lab-scale f.ares in which soot yield f.r methane f.ame mixture was measured under dif.erent conditions. The f.cus of.this paper is on soot modeling with various f.air operating conditions. The computational f.uid dynamics sof.ware ANSYS f.uent 13 is used. Dif.erent soot models were explored along with other chemistry mechanisms. The ef.ect of.radiation models, quantity of.air supplied, dif.erent f.el mixture and its ef.ect over soot f.rmations were also studied.

关键词： Numerical Modeling Soot Emission f.ames

Gradient‑Layered MXene/Hollow Lignin Nanospheres Architecture Design f.r f.exible and Stretchable Supercapacitors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 447-462页

作者： Haonan Zhang Cheng Hao Tongtong f. Dian Yu Jane Howe Kaiwen Chen Ning Yan Hao Ren Huamin Zhai Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of.Sustainable Pulp and Paper Technology and Biomass Materials NanJing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China department of.chemical engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto200 College StreetTorontoON M5S 3E5Canada department of.Materials Science and engineering University of Toronto184 College StreetTorontoON M5S 3E4Canada College of.Materials Science and engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China

With the rapid development of.f.exible wearable electronics,the demand f.r stretchable energy storage devices has *** this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)f.r f.bricating highly stretchable and durable *** depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of.MXene ***,the micro-chamber architecture of.thin-walled lignin nanospheres ef.ectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of.*** these strategies ef.ectively enhanced the capacitive perf.rmance of.the *** addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase f.r MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of.the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and def.rmation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of.the *** electrodes and symmetric f.exible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of.enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specif.c capacitances of.1273 mf.cm^(−2)(241 f.g^(−1))and 514 mf.cm^(−2)(95 f.g^(−1)),***,their capacitances were well preserved af.er 1000 times of.600%stretch-release *** study showcased new possibilities of.incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to f.bricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.

关键词： Hollow lignin nanospheres MXene Gradient-layered architecture Wrinkled electrodes Stretchable supercapacitors

CONTINUOUS STIf.NESS MODE NANOINDENTATION RESPONSE Of.POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) SURf.CES

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Chinese Journal of.Polymer Science 2013年第8期31卷 1096-1107页

作者： T. Iqbal B.J. Briscoe S. Yasin P.f. Luckham chemical engineering department University of Engineering & Technology chemical engineering department Imperial College

Indentation is a comparatively simple and virtually nondestructive method of.determining mechanical properties of.material surf.ces by means of.an indenter inducing a localized def.rmation. The paper present experimental results of.the load-displacement curves, the hardness and the elastic modulus data, and associated analysis f.r poly（methyl methacrylate）（PMMA） surf.ces as a f.nction of.contact displacement. The experimental results include continuous stif.ness indentations perf.rmed using constant loading rate and constant displacement rate experiments. The continuous stif.ness indentation involves continuous calculation of.a material stif.ness, and hence hardness and elastic modulus of.surf.ces, during discrete loading-unloading cycles, as in a conventional indentation routine, and in a comparatively smaller time constant, The dependence of.the compliance curves, the hardness, the elastic modulus and the plasticity index upon the imposed penetration depth, the applied normal load and the def.rmation rate are described. Tip area and load f.ame calibrations f.r the continuous stif.ness indentation are also reported. The paper includes practical considerations encountered during indentation of.polymers specif.cally at low penetration depths. The experimental results show a peculiarly harder response of.PMMA surf.ces at the submicron （near to surf.ce） layers.

关键词： Nanoindentation PMMA Hardness Modulus Continuous stif.ness.

SIZE DISTRIBUTION Of.DROPLETS ABOVE A ROTATING STREAM TRAY AND MODEL Of.DROPLET MOTION THEREIN

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Chinese Journal of.chemical engineering 1997年第2期5卷 35-42页

作者：陈建孟谭天恩 department of.chemical engineering Zhejiang University of Technology department of.chemical engineering Zhejiang University

Droplet size distributions have been investigated with a two-probe system above a rotatingstream tray of.300 mm *** measured distributions are f.und to f.llow the upper limitedlognormal distribution with three parameters dependent primarily on gas hole f.f.ctor.A probabilitymethod is used to describe the initial state of.the droplet population above the tray,and a model f.rdroplet motion is *** results computed with model agree well with experimental data.

关键词： rotating stream tray droplet size distribution model f.r droplet motion

Epoxy resin nanocomposites reinf.rced with ionized liquid stabilized carbon nanotubes

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International Journal of.Smart and Nano Materials 2011年第3期2卷 176-193页

作者： Zhe Wang Xiongtao Yang Qiang Wang H.Thomas Hahn Sang-gi Lee Kun-Hong Lee Zhanhu Guo Mechanical&Aerospace engineering department University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Integrated Composites Lab Dan F.Smith Department of Chemical EngineeringLamar UniversityBeaumontTX 77710USA Institute of.chemical and engineering Sciences(ICES) A-STARApplied Catalysis1Pesek RoadJurong Island627833 Singapore department of.Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 120-750Korea department of.chemical engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 790-784Korea

Epoxy resin nanocomposites reinf.rced with three dif.erent ionic liquid f.nctionalized carbon nanotubes(f.CNTs)were f.bricated by an in situ polymerization *** inf.uence of.the anions on the curing process was studied through dif.erential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and normalized f.urier transf.rm inf.ared(f.IR)*** composition of.the nanocomposites was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron *** dif.erent mechanisms are proposed to explain the curing process of.the neat epoxy and its *** electric conductivity and mechanical properties of.the nanocomposites are also *** tensile strength was increased dramatically due to the insertion of.*** electron microsopy f.acture surf.ce analysis indicates a strong interf.cial bonding between the carbon nanotubes and the polymer matrix.

关键词： epoxy resin nanocomposite carbon nanotube ionic liquid f.nctionalization

Analysis of.Turbulence and Surf.ce Growth Models on the Estimation of.Soot Level in Ethylene Non-Premixed f.ames

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Journal of.Thermal Science 2018年第1期27卷 78-88页

作者： Y.Yunardi Edi Munawar Wahyu Rinaldi Asbar Razali Elwina Iskandar M.f.irweather department of.chemical engineering Syiah Kuala University department of.Mechanical engineering Syiah Kuala University department of.chemical engineering State Polytechnics of Lhokseumawe School of.chemical and Process engineering University of Leeds

Soot prediction in a combustion system has become a subject of.attention, as many f.ctors inf.uence its accuracy. An accurate temperature prediction will likely yield better soot predictions, since the inception, growth and de- struction of.the soot are af.ected by the temperature. This paper reported the study on the inf.uences of.turbulence closure and surf.ce growth models on the prediction of.soot levels in turbulent f.ames. The results demonstrated that a substantial distinction was observed in terms of.temperature predictions derived using the k-c and the Rey- nolds stress models, f.r the two ethylene f.ames studied here amongst the f.ur types of.surf.ce growth rate model investigated, the assumption of.the soot surf.ce growth rate proportional to the particle number density, but inde- pendent on the surf.ce area of.soot particles,f.As） = pNs, yields in closest agreement with the radial data. Without any adjustment to the constants in the surf.ce growth term, other approaches where the surf.ce growth directly proportional to the surf.ce area and square root of.surf.ce area, f.（As） = As and f.（A,） = √As, result in an un- der-prediction of.soot volume f.action. These results suggest that predictions of.soot volume f.action are sensitive to the modelling of.surf.ce growth.

关键词： soot conditional moment closure combustion surf.ce growth non-premixed turbulent f.ame

On-line CO,CO_2 emissions evaluation and(benzene, toluene, xylene) determination f.om experimental burn of.tropical biomass

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Journal of.Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 239-244页

作者： Mohammed f.Tawf.q Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua Nik Meriam Nik Sulaiman chemical engineering department Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya

Atmospheric pollution and global warming issues are increasingly becoming major environmental concerns. f.re is one of.the signif.cant sources of.pollutant gases released into the atmosphere; and tropical biomass f.res, which are of.particular interest in this study,contribute greatly to the global budget of.CO and CO2. This pioneer research simulates the natural biomass burning strategy in Malaysia using an experimental burning f.cility. The investigation was conducted on the emissions（CO2, CO, and Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene,Xylenes（BTEX）） f.om ten tropical biomass species. The selected species represent the major tropical f.rests that are f.equently subjected to dry f.rest f.re incidents. An experimental burning f.cility equipped with an on-line gas analyzer was employed to determine the burning emissions. The major emission f.ctors were f.und to vary among the species, and the specif.c results were as f.llows. The moisture content of.a particular biomass greatly inf.uenced its emission pattern. The smoke analysis results revealed the existence of.BTEX,which were sampled f.om a combustion chamber by enrichment traps aided with a universal gas sampler. The BTEX were determined by organic solvent extraction f.llowed by GC/MS quantif.cation, the results of.which suggested that the biomass burning emission f.ctor contributed signif.cant amounts of.benzene, toluene, and m,p-xylene. The modif.ed combustion ef.iciency（MCE） changed in response to changes in the sample moisture ***, this study concluded that the emission of.some pollutants mainly depends on the burning phase and sample moisture content of.the biomass.

关键词： Emission Biomass Experimental BTEX CO CO2 GG/MS