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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1207-1212页

作者： Wenshu Wang Weipeng Wang Yanlin Pan Chao Tan Hongjing Li Ya Chen Xingdan Liu Jing Wei Nian Xu Yu Han Han Gu Rongjian Ye Qi Ding Chonglie Ma Life Science and Technology Center China National Seed Group Co.Ltd.Wuhan 430000HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding Technology Innovation and Integration China National Seed Group Co.Ltd.Wuhan 430000HubeiChina

Grain size is one of the most important factors affecting rice grain quality and yield,and attracts great attention from molecular biologists and *** this study,we engineered a CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting the miR396 reco.nition site of the rice GS2 gene,which enco.es growth-regulating factor 4(OsGRF4)and regulates multiple agronomic traits including grain size,grain quality,nitrogen use efficiency,abiotic stress response,and seed *** co.trast to most previous genome editing efforts in which indel mutations were chosen to obtain null mutants,a mutant named GS2^(E) carrying an in-frame 6-bp deletion and 1-bp substitution within the miR396-targeted sequence was ***2^(E) plants showed increased expression of GS2 in co.sistent with impaired repression by *** expected,the gain-of-function GS2^(E) mutant exhibited multiple beneficial traits including increased grain size and yield and bigger grain length/width *** grain weight and grain yield per plant of GS2^(E) plants were increased by 23.5%and 10.4%,*** improved traits were passed to hybrids in a semidominant way,suggesting that the new GS2^(E) allele has great potential in rice *** together,we report new GS2 germplasm and describe a novel gene-editing strategy that can be widely employed to improve grain size and yield in *** trait-improvement strategy co.ld be applied to other genes co.taining miRNA target sites,in particular the co.served miR396-GRF/GIF module that governs plant growth,development and environmental response.

关键词： Genome editing GS2/GRF4 Grain size Yield Rice

Quantitative Trait Loci for Resistance Against Fusarium Wilt Based on Three co.ton F_2 Populations

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第12期9卷 1799-1806页

作者： WANG Pei-zheng SHI Li-fang SU Li HU Bao-min Xinjiang co.dy seed Science ＆ Technology Development co. Ltd Urumqi 830011 P.R.China

Fusarium wilt （FW） is one of the most co.mon co.ton diseases in the world. Identification of QTLs co.ferring resistance to FW is key for the inco.poration of resistance genes into elite cultivars. Two intraspecific （cross between Gossypium hirsuturn L.） and one interspecific （cross between Gossypium hirsutum L. and Gossypium bardence L.） F2 populations were co.structed by using a highly resistant cultivar and crossing it to a susceptible cultivar with 154, 79, and 148 offsprings, respectively. Simple sequence repeats （SSR） were used to screen genomic regions closely linked to FW resistance. The results showed that five QTLs associated with FW resistance were detected in two intraspecific populations using a co.posite interval mapping method under four different co.ditions. Four of these loci located on Chr. 2/Chr. 17 neighboring markers JESPR304 or CIR305 which explained 13.1 to 45.9% of the phenotypic effect. Furthermore, JESPR304 and CIR305 were previously testified and found to be tightly linked. It is possible that these four QTLs detected under different co.ditions were the same resistance QTL/gene. We co.sider that there is the possibility of a major FW resistant gene in intraspecific populations. In the interspecific mapping populations two QTLs were detected on Chr. 9 and Chr. 12/26 which explained great phenotypic variance of 49.4 and 45.7%. As the location of QTLs for FW resistance among the intraspecific and the interspecfic populations were totally different, it is suggested that there may be different resistance mechanisms between G. bardence L. and G. hursutum L. Thus, the present research provides an opportunity to understand the genetic co.trol of resistance to FW in Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium bardence and to co.duct MAS in breeding programs to develop FW resistant cultivars.

关键词： co.ton Fusarium wilt resistance QTL molecular mapping

Genetic diversity assessment of a set of introduced mung bean accessions(Vigna radiata L.)

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The Crop Journal 2018年第2期6卷 207-213页

作者： Lixia Wang Peng Bai Xingxing Yuan Honglin Chen Suhua Wang Xin Chen Xuzhen Cheng Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China National seed Group co. Ltd. Institute of Vegetable Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Genetic resources from other co.ntries or regions play an important role in broadening the genetic background of local breeding varieties. Here we describe observations on the adaptability of mung bean germplasm obtained from the United States Department of Agriculture and their genetic diversity assessment using SSR markers. Several accessions were shown to be mixtures,based on their phenotypes for some characters. Most accessions were able to co.plete their lifecycles when grown in Beijing, China, making them ideal for crossbreeding without day length co.trol. High diversity was revealed by the SSR markers, with an average of 4.2 alleles per locus and a PIC value of 0.650 per locus. STRUCTURE analysis divided the accessions into six *** was no obvious trend of accessions forming groups acco.ding to their geographical origin,owing mainly to germplasm exchange and an uneven distribution of accessions. The present results indicate that this germplasm would enrich the local gene pool, and provide information for the further use of germplasm in breeding programs.

关键词： Vigna radiata Plant introduction SSR markers Genetic diversity

seed priming with chitosan improves maize germination and seedling growth in relation to physiological changes under low temperature stress

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第6期10卷 427-433页

作者： Ya-jing GUAN Jin HU Xian-ju WANG Chen-xia SHAO seed Science Center College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture co. Ltd. Changsha 410001 China

Low temperature stress during germination and early seedling growth is an important co.straint of global production of maize. The effects of seed priming with 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75% （w/v） chitosan solutions at 15 ℃ on the growth and physiological changes were investigated using two maize （Zea rnays L.） inbred lines, HuangC （chilling-tolerant） and Mo17 （chilling-sensitive）. While seed priming with chitosan had no significant effect on germination percentage under low temperature stress, it enhanced germination index, reduced the mean germination time （MGT）, and increased shoot height, root length, and shoot and root dry weights in both maize lines. The decline of malondialdehyde （MDA） co.tent and relative permeability of the plasma membrane and the increase of the co.centrations of soluble sugars and proline, peroxidase （POD） activity, and catalase （CAT） activity were detected both in the chilling-sensitive and chilling-tolerant maize seedlings after priming with the three co.centrations of chitosan. HuangC was less sensitive to responding to different co.centrations of chitosan. Priming with 0.50% chitosan for about 60-64 h seemed to have the best effects. Thus, it suggests that seed priming with chitosan may improve the speed of germination of maize seed and benefit for seedling growth under low temperature stress.

关键词： seed priming Chitosan Low temperature stress Germination Physiological changes Maize

Analysis and performance test on dynamic seed co.n threshing and co.veying process with variable diameter and spacing

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 259-266页

作者： Fei Dai Yiming Zhao Yuanxiang Liu Ruijie Shi Shanglong Xin Qiufeng Fu Wuyun Zhao co.lege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Jiuquan OK seed Machinery co. Ltd.Jiuquan 735000GansuChina

In order to further reduce the damage rate in threshing seed co.n,a seed co.n threshing testbed with variable diameter and spacing that can realize dynamic adjustment of parameters,such as feed quantity,rotating speed of the threshing device,threshing spacing of the threshing units,was designed in this *** software of finite element analysis ANSYS Workbench was applied to do modal analysis on the threshing axis designed for variable diameter and spacing of seed *** first 8 orders of natural frequencies were distributed in 201.12-1640.20 Hz,with co.responding vibration amplitude in 5.86-27.04 mm,showing reasonable structural design of the threshing axis,which co.ld realize effective seed co.n threshing and *** element method was applied to do simulation analysis on the seed co.n threshing and co.veying process with variable diameter and *** the co.dition of different feed quantity,different rotating speed of the thresher,the moving speed of co.n clusters and co.tact force among clusters were measured through simulation,and the working characteristics of the threshing testbed for low-damage and dynamic threshing and co.veying of seed co.n with variable diameter and spacing were *** performance test results of the testbed of seed co.n with variable diameter and spacing showed that,when the rotating speed of the threshing axis was 190-290 r/min,feed quantity was 1.80-3.80 kg/s,the damage rate of seed co.n was 0.32%-0.63%,threshing rate was 99.20%-99.82%,and co.tent impurity rate was 4.23%-5.86%,the mass of threshed co.n grains first increased and then decreased along the axial *** test verification process was in line with the simulation results;thus,the test results co.ld satisfy the requirements in design and actual operation.

关键词： seed co.n threshing device with variable diameter and spacing threshing and co.veying process performance test

QTL Scanning for Rice Yield Using a Whole Genome SNP Array

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第12期40卷 629-638页

作者： co.g Tan Zhongmin Han Huihui Yu Wei Zhan Weibo Xie Xun Chen Hu Zhao Fasong Zhou Yongzhong Xing National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Plant Gene ResearchHuazhong Agricultural University Life Science and Technology Center China National Seed Group Co.Ltd.

High-throughput SNP genotyping is widely used for plant genetic studies. Recently, a RICE6K SNP array has been developed based on the Illumina Bead Array platform and Infinium SNP assay technology for genome-wide evaluation of allelic variations and breeding applications. In this study, the RICE6K SNP array was used to genotype a reco.binant inbred line （RIL） population derived from the cross between the indica variety, Zhenshan 97, and the japonica variety, Xizang 2. A total of 3324 SNP markers of high quality were identified and were grouped into 1495 reco.bination bins in the RIL population. A high-density linkage map, co.sisting of the 1495 bins, was developed, co.ering 1591.2 cM and with average length ofl.1 cM per bin. Segregation distortions were observed in 24 regions of the 11 chromosomes in the RILs. One half of the distorted regions co.tained fertility genes that had been previously reported. A total of 23 QTLs were identified for yield. Seven QTLs were firstly detected in this study. The positive alleles from about half of the identified QTLs came from Zhenshan 97 and they had lower phenotypic values than Xizang 2. This indicated that favorable alleles for breeding were dispersed in both parents and pyramiding favorable alleles co.ld develop elite lines. The size of the mapping population for QTL analysis using high throughput SNP genotyping platform is also discussed.

关键词： RILs RICE6K SNP array Bin map Segregation distortion QTL

OsMLH1 interacts with OsMLH3 to regulate synapsis and interference-sensitive crossover formation during meiosis in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第6期48卷 485-496页

作者： Xiaodong Xin Xingwang Li Junkai Zhu Xiaobin Liu Zhenghu Chu Jiali Shen Changyin Wu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Jiangsu Kingearth seed co. Ltd.Yangzhou 225012China

Meiotic reco.bination is essential for reciprocal exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes and their subsequent proper segregation in sexually reproducing organisms. MLH1 and MLH3 belong to meiosis-specific members of the Mut L-homolog family, which are required for normal level of crossovers(co.) in some eukaryotes. However, their functions in plants need to be further ***, we report the identification of Os MLH1 and reveal its functions during meiosis in rice. Using CRISPRCas9 approach, two independent mutants, Osmlh1-1 and Osmlh1-2, are generated and exhibited significantly reduced male fertility. In Osmlh1-1, the clearance of PAIR2 is delayed and partial ZEP1 proteins are not loaded into the chromosomes, which might be due to the deficient in resolution of interlocks at late zygotene. Thus, Os MLH1 is required for the assembly of synapsis co.plex. In Osmlh1-1, co.number is dropped by ~53% and the distribution of residual co. is co.sistent with predicted Poisson distribution,indicating that Os MLH1 is essential for the formation of interference-sensitive co.(class I co.). Os MLH1 interacts with Os MLH3 through their C-terminal domains. Mutation in Os MLH3 also affects the pollen fertility. Thus, our experiments reveal that the co.served heterodimer Mut Lg(Os MLH1-Os MLH3) is essential for the formation of class I co. in rice.

关键词： Meiosis Crossover OsMLH1 OsMLH3 Rice

Characterization and evaluation of rice blast resistance of Chinese indica hybrid rice parental lines

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The Crop Journal 2017年第6期5卷 509-517页

作者： Yunyu Wu Ling Yu Ning Xiao Zhengyuan Dai Yuhong Li Cunhong Pan Xiaoxiang Zhang Guangqing Liu Aihong Li Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou 225009 China Jiangsu co.laborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Nanjing 225009 China Jiangsu Golden Land seed Industry co. Ltd China

The development of resistant varieties and hybrid co.binations has been the most effective and eco.omical strategy to co.trol blast disease caused by Magnaporthe ***, the distribution of major R genes and blast resistance characterization in hybrid rice parents has not been well investigated, resulting in their limited use in hybrid rice blast-resistance breeding. In the present study, 88 elite indica hybrid rice parental lines were evaluated with 30 isolates of M. oryzae co.lected from the main planting area of indica hybrid rice in China and were characterized for the presence of 11 major resistance genes using molecular markers. The pathogenicity assays showed that four types of hybrid rice parent line showed some resistance to M. oryzae. However, the proportions of highly resistant lines and the mean resistance frequency(RF) varied among the four types, with resistance in decreasing order shown by three-line restorer lines, three-line maintainer lines, two-line sterile lines, and two-line restorer lines. All 88 hybrid rice parental lines carried more than one R gene, but none carried the R genes Pi1 and Pi2. Although Pid3 and Pi9 were present only in three-line restorer lines and Pigm only in three-line maintainer lines, the remaining six R genes(Pib, Pid2, Pi5, Pia, Pi54, and Pita) were present in the four types of hybrid rice parent with significantly different distribution frequencies. The co.relation between R genes and resistance reactions was investigated. The results are expected to provide useful information for rational utilization of major R genes in hybrid rice breeding programs.

关键词： Hybrid rice parental lines Magnaporthe oryzae Pi genes Resistance evaluation Molecular markers

Occurrence Characteristics,Prevention and co.trol of Pests and Diseases of Tropical Outdoor Cultivated Rosa chinensis

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2014年第6期5卷 19-21,28页

作者： Lin Hengmi Xu Huiqiu Zhang Hailiang Qiao Shunfa Hong Shiyang Zhang Yilei Li Jingtian Chen Xingyu Sanya Land seed co. Ltd.

Acco.ding to the hazards and occurrence characteristics of major diseases of Rosa chinensis, such as powdery mildew, branch canker and black spot, and major pests such as mites, aphids, thrips and Lepidoptera, prevention and co.trol of the diseases and pests should be based on pruning, garden cleaning, water and fertilizer management, and chemical co.trol can be applied as the supplement. Suitable prevention and co.trol measures should be adopted for preventing the disea- ses and pests scientifically.

关键词： Rosa chinensis Pests and diseases Occurrence characteristics Prevention and co.trol