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Atomically dispersed Mn enhanced catalytic performance for overall water splitting on graphdiyne-coated copper hydroxide nanowire

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结构化学 2024年第1期43卷 24-32页

作者： Lu Qi Zhaoyang Chen Xiaoyu Luan Zhiqiang Zheng Yurui Xue Yuliang Li Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion Science Center for Materials Creation and Energy ConversionInstitute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao266237PR China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion Science Center for Materials Creation and Energy ConversionInstitute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao266237PR China CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190PR China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049PR China

Atomic catalysts(ACs)have been considered as promising catalysts for efficient hydrogen production through water ***,we report an AC with single Mn atoms highly dispersed on the surface of graphdiyne-coated copper hydroxide nanowire arrays(Mn-GDY/Cu(OH)x NWs).By anchoring Mn atoms on GDY,the specific surface area,the number of active sites,and the stability of catalyst are greatly *** characteri-zations reveal that the high hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction(HER/OER)catalytic activity of the catalyst is induced by strong incomplete charge transfer effect between the metal atoms and *** advantages enable the electrocatalysts to drive a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at low overpotentials of 188 and 130 mV for OER and HER,respectively,together with excellent long-term ***,the alkaline electrolyzer using Mn-GDY/Cu(OH)x as both cathode and anode electrodes can reach 10 mA cm-2 only at a much low cell voltage of 1.50 V.

关键词： Graphdiyne Atom catalyst Electrocatalysis Hydrogen production Overall water splitting

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Exploring the blindspot:The soil plastisphere

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 1-4页

作者： Xiaoxuan Su Kai Yang interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China

Plastic pollution is a growing concern in soil ecosystems *** accumulation of(micro)plastic debris leads to a unique microenvironment,termed the“plastisphere.”Notably,the dynamics and behaviors of the soil plastisphere diverge from its marine counterpart,where it is initially defined,thereby likely exhibiting an uncharacterized feature in ecological effects and *** understanding of the soil plastisphere holds significant implications for environmental science and practical applications in pollution management and agricultural *** with the oceanic plastisphere,research on the soil plastisphere is still in its infancy with limited but significant studies contributing to current knowledge.A recent seminal work by Rillig et al.(Rillig et al.,*** Reviews ***:10.1038/s41579-023-00967-2)has inspired us and provided comprehensive insights into the characteristics and function of the soil *** this commentary,we present core aspects of the soil plastisphere,encompassing its microbial communities,biogeochemical processes,and ecological implications,as well as highlight current methodologies probing this domain.

关键词： soil pollution thereby

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Uptrend of the Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Outflow Height during 1959-2021

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 339-350页

作者： Yuan SUN Zhihao FENG Wei ZHONG Panmao ZHAI Yanluan LIN Shuo LYU College of Advanced interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyNanjing 211100 College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

Relatively little is known about the impact of global warming on the tropical cyclone(TC)outflow,despite its large contribution to TC *** this study,based on the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship(IBTrACS)dataset and ERA5 reanalysis data,we show that the TC outflow height has risen significantly(48.20±22.18 m decades-1)in the past decades(1959-2021)over the western North Pacific,and the rising trend tends to be sharper for stronger TCs(the uptrend of severe typhoon is 61.09±40.92 m decades-1).This rising trend of the outflow height explains the contradiction between the decrease trend of the TC outflow temperature and the increase trend of the atmospheric troposphere ***,possible contribution of the TC outflow height uptrend to TC intensity has also been *** results show that the rise of outflow height leads to the decrease of outflow temperature,and thus an increased difference between underlying sea surface temperature(SST)and TC outflow temperature,which eventually favors the increase of TC intensity.

关键词： tropical cyclone outflow height global warming western North Pacific

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Ultrasensitive Mechanical Sensor Using Tunable Ordered Array of Metallic and Insulating States in Vanadium Dioxide

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第7期41卷 74-86页

作者：马泽成闫胜楠陈繁强戴玉頔刘增霖徐康徐涛童湛钦陈墨雨王利铮王鹏飞孙立涛程斌梁世军缪峰 Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresSchool of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of EducationSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Institute of interdisciplinary of Physical sciences School of ScienceNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Detecting tiny deformations or vibrations, particularly those associated with strains below 1%, is essential in various technological applications. Traditional intrinsic materials, including metals and semiconductors, face challenges in simultaneously achieving initial metallic state and strain-induced insulating state, hindering the development of highly sensitive mechanical sensors. Here we report an ultrasensitive mechanical sensor based on a strain-induced tunable ordered array of metallic and insulating states in the single-crystal bronze-phase vanadium dioxide [VO_(2)(B)] quantum material. It is shown that the initial metallic state in the VO_(2)(B) flake can be tuned to the insulating state by applying a weak uniaxial tensile strain. Such a unique property gives rise to a record-high gauge factor of above 607970, surpassing previous values by an order of magnitude, with excellent linearity and mechanical resilience as well as durability. As a proof-of-concept application, we use our proposed mechanical sensor to demonstrate precise sensing of the micro piece, gentle airflows and water droplets. We attribute the superior performance of the sensor to the strain-induced continuous metal-insulator transition in the single-crystal VO_(2)(B) flake, evidenced by experimental and simulation results. Our findings highlight the potential of exploiting correlated quantum materials for next-generation ultrasensitive flexible mechanical sensors, addressing critical limitations in traditional materials.

关键词： metallic durability hinder

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Guardian of the rice:Unveiling OsSSP1 for broad-spectrum disease resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 996-998页

作者： You-Jin Lim Yong-Hwan Lee Research Institute of Agriculture and Life sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics Center for Fungal Genetic ResourcesPlant Immunity Research Centerand Center for Plant Microbiome ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Plants are continuously exposed to numerous biotic stresses throughout their *** arms race-driven coevolution with pathogens,plants have developed sophisticated immune systems,including pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI).PTI is initiated by the binding of danger signals to extracellular membrane-localized receptors calledpattern recognition receptors(PRRs).PTI triggers responses,including reactive oxygen species(ROS)bursts and the expression of defenseassociated ***,pathogens adapted to PTl secrete virulence proteins,effectors,to aid colonization,and ETl is then triggered by the recognition of these effectors by resistance proteins with a nucleotide-binding domain leucinerich repeat receptor(NLR).To circumvent this immune response,pathogens secrete various effectors into the host intracellular region and induce effector-triggered susceptibility(Zhou and Zhang.,2020).Currently,research on plant immunity has been primarily focused on plasma membrane and cytoplasmlocalized proteins,including oligomeric NLRs,resistosomes,and the secretion mechanisms of cytoplasmic effectors.

关键词： immunity resistance Guard

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Recombination and repeat-induced point mutation landscapes reveal trade-offs between the sexual and asexual cycles of Magnaporthe oryzae

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 723-734页

作者： Xifang Zong Yaxin Lou Mengshuang Xia Kunyang Zhao Jingxuan Chen Ju Huang Sihai Yang Long Wang State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210000China State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Bioinformatics CenterAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210000China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210000China

The fungal disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most devastating diseases that endanger many crops *** shows that sexual reproduction can be advantageous for fungal diseases as hybridization facilitates ***,the pervasive clonal lineages of *** observed in natural fields contradict this expectation.A better understanding of the roles of recombination and the fungi-specific repeat-induced point mutation(RIP)in shaping its evolutionary trajectory is essential to bridge this knowledge *** we systematically investigate the RIP and recombination landscapes in *** using a whole genome sequencing data from 252 population samples and 92 cross *** data reveal that the RIP can robustly capture the population history of ***,and we provide accurate estimations of the recombination and RIP rates across different *** ***,our results highlight a parent-of-origin bias in both recombination and RIP rates,tightly associating with their sexual potential and variations of effector *** bias suggests a critical trade-off between generating novel allelic combinations in the sexual cycle to facilitate host-jumping and stimulating transposon-associated diversification of effectors in the asexual cycle to facilitate host *** findings provide unique insights into understanding the evolution of blast fungus.

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae Crossover Repeat-induced point mutation(RiP) Effectors Sexual reproduction

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Genomic data and ecological niche modeling reveal an unusually slow rate of molecular evolution in the Cretaceous Eupteleaceae

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 803-816页

作者： Kun-Li Xiang Sheng-Dan Wu Lian Lian Wen-Chuang He Dan Peng Huan-Wen Peng Xiao-Ni Zhang Hong-Lei Li Jia-Yu Xue Hong-Yan Shan Gui-Xia Xu Yang Liu Zhi-Qiang Wu Wei Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyLaboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China China National Botanical Garden Beijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems and College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science/Institute of Special Plants Chongqing University of Arts and SciencesChongqing 402160China College of Horticulture Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Fairylake Botanical Garden Shenzhen&Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518004China

Living fossils are evidence of long-term sustained ecological ***,whether living fossils have little molecular changes remains poorly known,particularly in ***,we have introduced a novel method that integrates phylogenomic,comparative genomic,and ecological niche modeling analyses to investigate the rate of molecular evolution of Eupteleaceae,a Cretaceous relict angiosperm family endemic to East *** assembled a high-quality chromosome-level nuclear genome,and the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of a member of Eupteleaceae(Euptelea pleiosperma).Our results show that Eupteleaceae is most basal in Ranunculales,the earliest-diverging order in eudicots,and shares an ancient whole-genome duplication event with the other *** document that Eupteleaceae has the slowest rate of molecular changes in the observed *** unusually low rate of molecular evolution of Eupteleaceae across all three independent inherited genomes and genes within each of the three genomes is in association with its conserved genome architecture,ancestral woody habit,and conserved niche *** findings reveal the evolution and adaptation of living fossil plants through large-scale environmental change and also provide new insights into early eudicot diversification.

关键词： conservation genomics eudicots evolutionary rates niche conservatism phylogenomics

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The dynamic surface evolution of halide perovskites induced by external energy stimulation

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 185-194页

作者： Feiyu Cheng Pengdong Wang Chenzhe Xu Qingliang Liao Suicai Zhang Haochun Sun Wenqiang Fan Guodong Liu Zhiyun Li Yaping Kong Li Wang Fangsen Li Zhuo Kang Yue Zhang Academy for Advanced interdisciplinary Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore ChipsMinistry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation(Nano-X) Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Tracking the dynamic surface evolution of metal halide perovskite is crucial for understanding the corresponding fundamental principles of photoelectric properties and intrinsic instability. However, due to the volatility elements and soft lattice nature of perovskites, several important dynamic behaviors remain unclear. Here, an ultra-high vacuum（UHV） interconnection system integrated by surface-sensitive probing techniques has been developed to investigate the freshly cleaved surface of CH3NH3PbBr3in situ under given energy stimulation. On this basis, the detailed three-step chemical decomposition pathway of perovskites has been clarified. Meanwhile, the evolution of crystal structure from cubic phase to tetragonal phase on the perovskite surface has been revealed under energy stimulation. Accompanied by chemical composition and crystal structure evolution, electronic structure changes including energy level position,hole effective mass, and Rashba splitting have also been accurately determined. These findings provide a clear perspective on the physical origin of optoelectronic properties and the decomposition mechanism of perovskites.

关键词： metal halide perovskite external energy stimulation surface dynamic evolution surface electronic structure ultra-high vacuum interconnection system

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CRISPR,CAR-T,and NK:Current applications and future perspectives

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 246-257页

作者： Mohadeseh Khoshandam Hossein Soltaninejad Amir Ali Hamidieh Saman Hosseinkhani Department of Reproductive Biology Academic Center for EducationCultureand Research(ACECR)Qom branch***Iran National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(NIGEB) Tehran 14965/161Iran Department of stem cells technology and Tissue Regeneration Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and TechnologiesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehran 15614Iran Pediatric Cell Therapy and Gene Therapy Research Center GeneCell&Tissue Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehran 15614Iran

Chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy represents a breakthrough in personalized cancer *** this regard,synthetic receptors comprised of antigen recognition domains,signaling,and stimulatory domains are used to reprogram T-cells to target tum or cells and destroy *** the success of this approach in refractory B-cell malignancies,the optimal potency of CAR T-cell therapy for many other cancers,particularly solid tumors,has not been *** killer cells are powerful cytotoxic lymphocytes specialized in recognizing and dispensing the tumor cells in coordination with other anti-tumor immunity *** on these studies,many investigations are focused on the accurate designing of CAR T-cells with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system or other novel gene editing tools that can induce hereditary changes with or without the presence of a double-stranded break into the *** methodologies can be specifically focused on negative controllers of T-cells,induce modifications to a particular gene,and produce reproducible,safe,and powerful allogeneic CAR T-cells for on-demand cancer *** improvement of the CRISPR/Cas9 innovation offers an adaptable and proficient gene-editing capability in activating different pathways to help natural killer cells interact with novel CARs to particularly target tumor *** achievements and future challenges of combining next-generation CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing tools to optimize CAR T-cell and natural killer cell treatment for future clinical trials toward the foundation of modern cancer treatments have been assessed inthis review.

关键词： Cancer CAR T-cell CRISPR Gene editing Immunotherapy NK cell

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Manipulating the Phase Transition Behavior of Dual Temperature-Responsive Block Copolymers by Adjusting Composition and Sequence

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 176-187,I0006页

作者： Zhi Zou Xiang Xu Hai-Tao Zhao Jian-Nan Cheng Wei-Wei He Li-Fen Zhang Zhen-Ping Cheng Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of JiangsuSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China

Temperature-responsive polymers have garnered significant attention due to their ability to respond to external *** this work,dual temperature-responsive block copolymers are synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization(RAFT)polymerization utilizing zwitterionic monomer methacryloyl ethyl sulfobetaine(SBMA) and N-isopropyl acrylamide(NIPAAm) as *** thermal responsive behaviors can be easily modulated by incorporating additional hydrophobic monomer benzyl acrylate(BN) or hydrophilic monomer acrylic acid(AA),adjusting concentration or pH,or varying the degree of polymerization of the block chain *** cloud points of the copolymers are determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry,and these copolymers exhibit both controlled upper and lower critical solu bility temperatures(LCST and UCST) in aqueous *** study analyzes and summarizes the influencing factors of dual temperature responsive block copolymers by exploring the effects of various conditions on the phase transition temperature of temperature-sensitive polymers to explore the relationship between their properties and environment and structure to make them more selective in terms of temperature application range and regulation *** is very interesting that the introduction of poly-acrylic acid(PAA) segments in the middle of di-block copolymer PSBMA_(55)-b-PNIPAAm_(80) to form PSBMA_(55)-b-PAA_(x)-b-PNIPAAm_(80) results in a reversal of temperature-responsive behaviors from 'U'(LCST UCST) type,while the copolymer PSBMA_(55)-b-P(NIPAAm_(80)-co-AA_(x)) *** work provides a clue for tuning the phase transition behavior of polymers for manufacture of extreme smart materials.

关键词： Temperature responsive polymers High critical solubility temperature(UCST) Low critical solubility temperature(LCST) Block copolymers

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