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Westward Migration of Tropical Cyclone Activity in the Western North Pacific during 1982–2020:Features and Possible Causes

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第1期38卷 1-9页

作者： Jian ZHONG Huadong DU Yuqin WU Yuehua PENG China Satellite Maritime Tracking and Control Department Jiangyin 2144312 College of Advanced interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 4100733 Dalian Naval Academy Dalian 1160184 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

The westward migration of tropical cyclone(TC)activity has been identified in the western North Pacific(WNP),but the related features and causes remain ***,based on the best track data from China,Japan,and the US,and the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data in 1982–2020,we investigate characteristics of the westward migration of the WNP TC activity with various metrics,and reveal possible causes for the migration of TC tracks through analyzing its seasonality and dependence on environmental *** results show that the WNP TCs show significant westward migrations in a number of metrics,including location of tracks,genesis,the first track point at which TC reaches its lifetime-maximum intensity,and the last track point in the TC *** is found that TC tracks exhibit more significant westward migrations in the easterly steering flow than in the westerly steering ***,the TC longitude shift shows notable seasonal variations,for which the TCs in the easterlies move further west than those in the westerlies during July–September,vice versa during October–*** dependence of the westward migration of TC tracks on background steering flow is associated with the different environmental *** westward shift in the westerly steering is mainly due to the reduced vertical wind shear(VWS),while the weakened zonal easterly steering and reduced VWS are both closely related to the westward migration in the easterly *** results have important implications for understanding current and future variations in TC longitude shift.

关键词： tropical cyclone westward migration steering flow vertical wind shear

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High precision current mirror circuit based on two-dimensional material transistors

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Science China(Information sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 353-354页

作者： Shiping GAO Chen PAN Pincheng SU Xing-Jian YANGDONG Wentao YU Zhoujie ZENG Yu SHEN Jingwen SHI Yanwei CUI Pengfei WANG Yuekun YANG Cong WANG Bing CHENG Shi-Jun LIANG Feng MIAO Institute of interdisciplinary Physical sciences School of Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures

The emerging two-dimensional field-effect transistor(2DFET) is considered an important candidate device for driving future integrated circuit technology toward higher performance, lower power consumption, and more functionalities [1,2]. Among the integrated circuits, analog circuits play a crucial role as they are responsible for sampling, amplifying, and transmitting signals.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Multi-region calcium imaging in freely behaving mice with ultra-compact head-mounted fluorescence microscopes

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 161-173页

作者： Feng Xue Fei Li Ke-ming Zhang Lufeng Ding Yang Wang Xingtao Zhao Fang Xu Danke Zhang Mingzhai Sun Pak-Ming Lau Qingyuan Zhu Pengcheng Zhou Guo-Qiang Bi Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instruments University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China interdisciplinary Center for Brain Information the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Life and Health sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Modern Life sciences and Biotecnology Xiongan Institute of Innovation Xiongan New Area Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Artiflcial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center

To investigate the circuit-level neural mechanisms of behavior, simultaneous imaging of neuronal activity in multiple cortical and subcortical regions is highly desired. Miniature head-mounted microscopes offer the capability of calcium imaging in freely behaving animals. However, implanting multiple microscopes on a mouse brain remains challenging due to space constraints and the cumbersome weight of the ***, we present TINIscope, a Tightly Integrated Neuronal Imaging microscope optimized for electronic and opto-mechanical design. With its compact and lightweight design of 0.43 g, TINIscope enables unprecedented simultaneous imaging of behavior-relevant activity in up to four brain regions in ***-of-concept experiments with TINIscope recorded over 1000 neurons in four hippocampal subregions and revealed concurrent activity patterns spanning across these regions. Moreover, we explored potential multi-modal experimental designs by integrating additional modules for optogenetics, electrical stimulation or local field potential recordings. Overall, TINIscope represents a timely and indispensable tool for studying the brain-wide interregional coordination that underlies unrestrained behaviors.

关键词： miniature microscope multiple sites calcium imaging multimodal integration hippocampus

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Free-ranging dogs match a human’s preference in a foraging task

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 343-349页

作者： Giulia Cimarelli Magdelena Juskaite Friederike Range Sarah Marshall-Pescini Domestication Lab Konrad Lorenz Institute of EthologyDepartment of Interdisciplinary Life SciencesUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVeterinärplatz 11210ViennaAustria Department of Biology Education Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden

Social learning is a mechanism used by many species to effciently gain information about their *** many animals live in an environment where members of other species are present,little is known about interspecifc social *** and urbanized species provide the opportunity to investigate whether nonhuman animals can learn from heterospecifcs such as humans,who are integral parts of their social *** domestic dogs Canis familiaris have been intensively researched for their ability to learn from humans,most studies have focused on dogs living as ***,free-ranging dogs represent the majority of the world’s dog population,they live alongside humans,scavenge on human refuse,and are subject to natural and sexual ***,free-ranging dogs with extensive exposure to humans and their artifacts provide the opportunity to investigate interspecifc social learning in a naturalistic setting,where learning from humans might be a beneft for *** we tested individual free-ranging dogs in a between-subject design:Dogs in the control group could spontaneously choose between two novel and differently patterned food-delivering *** the experimental group,instead,dogs could frst observe an unfamiliar human approaching and eating from 1 of the 2 *** provide the frst evidence that free-ranging dogs match the choice of an unfamiliar *** results show that at least simple forms of interspecifc social learning might be involved in dogs’success in living alongside humans in a complex urbanized environment.

关键词： Canis familiaris dogs domestication foraging free-ranging dogs social learning urbanization.

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Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1816-1824页

作者： Jiantao Cui Yueru Shen Zheng Song Dinggang Fan Bing Hu Center for Advanced interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo;however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.

关键词： axonal regeneration Mauthner cell nerve regeneration Rab5 zebrafish

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An Ion-Pumping Interphase on Graphdiyne/Graphite Heterojunction for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 110-124页

作者： Juan An Fan Wang Jia-Yue Yang Guoxing Li Yuliang Li Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion Science Center for Material Creation and Energy ConversionSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237 Optics&Thermal Radiation Research Center Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237 Institute of Chemistry The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049

The sluggish lithium-ion(Li-ion)transport kinetics in graphite anode hinders its application in fast-charging Li-ion batteries(LIBs).Here,we develop an ionpumping interphase(IPI)on graphdiyne(GDY)/graphite heterojunction anodes to boost the ionic transport kinetics and enable high-performance,fast-charging *** IPI changed the ion solvation/desolvation environment by covalent/non-covalent interactions with Li ions or solvents to optimize solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)and regulate Li-ion transport *** studied the in situ growth of few-layer GDY on graphite surface(GDY/graphite)as the IPI and found that the strong interaction between GDY and Li ions enabled surface-induced modification of the ion solvation behavior and surface-assisted desolvation effect to accelerate the Li-ion desolvation process.A functional anion-derived SEI layer with improved Li-ion conductivity was *** with the generated built-in electric field at GDY/graphite hetero-interface self-pumping Li ions to intercalate into the graphite,the Li-ion transport kinetics was significantly enhanced to effectively eliminate Li plating and large voltage polarization of the graphite anodes.A fast Li intercalation in GDY/graphite without Li oversaturation at the edge of the graphite was directly *** superior performance with high capacity(139.2 mA h g^(-1))and long lifespan(1650 cycles)under extremely fast-charging conditions(20 C,1 C=372 mA g^(-1))was achieved on GDY/graphite *** at low temperatures(-20℃),a specific capacity of 128.4 mA h g^(-1) was achieved with a capacity retention of 80%after 500 cycles at a 2 C rate.

关键词： extreme fast-charging lithium-ion batteries lithium-ion transport kinetics ion-pumping interphase graphdiyne/graphite heterojunction

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Nuclear mass predictions based on a deep neural network and finite-range droplet model(2012)

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 112-123页

作者：姚道驄梁豪兆李曉菁 Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Physics Graduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan interdisciplinary Theoretical and mathematical sciences Program(iTHEMS) RIKENWako 351-0198Japan

A neural network with two hidden layers is developed for nuclear mass prediction,based on the finiterange droplet model(FRDM12).Different hyperparameters,including the number of hidden units,choice of activation functions,initializers,and learning rates,are adjusted explicitly and *** resulting mass predictions are achieved by averaging the predictions given by several different sets of hyperparameters with different regularizers and seed *** can provide not only the average values of mass predictions but also reliable estimations in the mass prediction *** overall root-mean-square deviations of nuclear mass are reduced from 0.603 MeV for the FRDM12 model to 0.200 MeV and 0.232 MeV for the training and validation sets,respectively.

关键词： nuclear mass machine learning deep neural network

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Europium-bearing organic framework with excellent X-ray scintillating luminescence

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 251-255,I0001页

作者： Yugang Zhang Lanhua Chen Xia Wang Wei Liu Shu'ao Wang State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China School of Environmental and Materials Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai264005China

Two europium-bearing organic frameworks,termed as EuTPO-1 and EuTPO-2(H_(3)TPO=tris(4-carboxylphenyI)-phosphineoxide),are reported in this work.A series of characterizations of EuTPO-1and EuTPO-2,such as X-ray crystallography and photoluminescence spectroscopy,was performed to expatiate their structure and physicochemical *** of them are constructed by dimers of the europium-oxygen subunit of [Eu_(2)O_(16)] and TPO *** from high X-ray stopping attenuation and excellent luminescence efficiency,they emit sufficient luminescence when irradiated with ***,they possess stable light outputs when exposed to high humidities and strong radiation dose,outperforming the commercial scintillator CsI:*** result paves the way for developing new scintillator and enriches the compound of europium-bearing organic framework with X-ray scintillating luminescence.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Scintillating material Luminescence efficiency Rare earths

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The Orthogonal Bases of Exponential Functions Based on Moran-Sierpinski Measures

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1804-1824页

作者： Qi Rong DENG Xing Gang HE Ming Tian LI Yuan Ling YE School of Mathematics and Statistics Center for Applied Mathematics of Fujian Province&Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications(Ministry of Education)Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350117P.R.China School of Mathematics and Statistics Key Lab NAA-MOE and Hubei Key Lab-Math.Sci.Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P.R.China School of mathematical sciences&South China Research Center for Applied Mathematics and interdisciplinary Studies South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631P.R.China

Let An∈M2(ℤ)be integral matrices such that the infinite convolution of Dirac measures with equal weightsμ{A_(n),n≥1}δA_(1)^(-1)D*δA_(1)^(-1)A_(2)^(-2)D*…is a probability measure with compact support,where D={(0,0)^(t),(1,0)^(t),(0,1)^(t)}is the Sierpinski *** prove that there exists a setΛ⊂ℝ2 such that the family{e2πi〈λ,x〉:λ∈Λ} is an orthonormal basis of L^(2)(μ{A_(n),n≥1})if and only if 1/3(1,-1)A_(n)∈Z^(2)for n≥2 under some metric conditions on A_(n).

关键词： Moran-Sierpinski measures orthonormal basis of exponential functions self-affine measures spectral measures

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Biomolecular condensates and disease pathogenesis

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Science China Life sciences 2024年第9期67卷 1792-1832页

作者： Ke Ruan Ge Bai Yanshan Fang Dan Li Tingting Li Xingguo Liu Boxun Lu Qing Lu Zhou Songyang Shuguo Sun Zheng Wang Xin Zhang Wen Zhou Hong Zhang Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institutes of Brain Science School of Life Sciences Fudan University Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education Bio-X Institutes Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen University Department of Human Anatomy Histology and Embryology School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Basic Medical Sciences Institute of Biomedical Innovation Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Westlake Laboratory of Life sciences and Biomedicine Department of Immunology and Microbiology School of Life Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences The First Affiliated Hospital & School of Life sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University School of Medicine interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences Bio-X Institutes Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of

Biomolecular condensates or membraneless organelles(MLOs) formed by liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS) divide intracellular spaces into discrete compartments for specific functions. Dysregulation of LLPS or aberrant phase transition that disturbs the formation or material states of MLOs is closely correlated with neurodegeneration, tumorigenesis, and many other pathological processes. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in development of methods to monitor phase separation and we discuss the biogenesis and function of MLOs formed through phase separation. We then present emerging proof-of-concept examples regarding the disruption of phase separation homeostasis in a diverse array of clinical conditions including neurodegenerative disorders, hearing loss, cancers, and immunological diseases. Finally, we describe the emerging discovery of chemical modulators of phase separation.

关键词： liquid-liquid phase separation biomolecular condensate membraneless organelle

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