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Assessing gully erosion and rehabilitation using multi temporal LiDAR DEMs:Case study from the Great Barrier Reef catchments,Australia

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International Soil and Water Conservation research 2024年第1期12卷 184-199页

作者： Sana Khan Rebecca Bartley Anne Kinsey-Henderson Aaron Hawdon The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial research Organisation(CSIRO) Environment1 James Cook DrDouglas4814Australia The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial research Organisation(CSIRO) EnvironmentGPO Box 2583BrisbaneQLD4001Australia

Millions of dollars are being spent on gully rehabilitation to help reduce excess fine sediment delivery to the Great Barrier Reef(GBR).There is an urgent need for(i)prioritisation of active gullies for rehabilitation and(ii)the development of methodologies to inform the effectiveness of *** this study we analyse DEMs of Difference derived from 0.5 m resolution 2-3 year interval multi-temporal LiDAR data collected pre and post rehabilitation at three variable gully morphologies in the Burdekin *** analysis indicates that the highest annual average fine sediment erosion rates for the untreated control gullies occur at the linear gully(53.38 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))followed by linear-alluvial gully(34.24 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))and least at the alluvial gully(14.41 t ha^(-1)y^(-1)).The proportional loss or export of fine sediment from the gullies in their un-treated condition ranges from∼68 to 90%of what is eroded,and when the gullies are treated the proportion of fine sediment that is retained in the gully proportional to what is eroded increases to∼60%at all *** pre-treatment baseline erosion rates,and additional post treatment LiDAR captures,it is difficult to quantify the treatment *** results offer insights in the erosion mechanisms within different geomorphic gully morphologies and rehabilitation effects in these erosional *** study provides crucial knowledge of gully dynamics that can be coupled with other lines of evidence for better prioritisation of rehabilitation in the GBR catchments.

关键词： Digital elevation models (dis)connectivity Restoration Geomorphic change detection Geomorphic effectiveness GIS

Projecting Spring Consecutive Rainfall Events in the Three Gorges Reservoir Based on Triple-Nested Dynamical Downscaling

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1539-1558页

作者： Yanxin ZHENG Shuanglin LI Noel KEENLYSIDE Shengping HE Lingling SUO Department of Atmospheric Science CMA-CUG Joint Centre for Severe Weather and Climate and Hydro-geological HazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Atmospheric Physics and Climate Change research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Three Gorges National Climatological Observatory Yichang 443099China Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergen 5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center and Bjerknes centre for Climate research Bergen 5007Norway Nansen-Zhu International research centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Spring consecutive rainfall events(CREs) are key triggers of geological hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir area(TGR), China. However, previous projections of CREs based on the direct outputs of global climate models(GCMs) are subject to considerable uncertainties, largely caused by their coarse resolution. This study applies a triple-nested WRF(Weather research and Forecasting) model dynamical downscaling, dr.ven by a GCM, MIROC6(Model for Interdisciplinary research on Climate, version 6), to improve the historical simulation and reduce the uncertainties in the future projection of CREs in the TGR. Results indicate that WRF has better performances in reproducing the observed rainfall in terms of the daily probability distribution, monthly evolution and duration of rainfall events, demonstrating the ability of WRF in simulating CREs. Thus, the triple-nested WRF is applied to project the future changes of CREs under the middle-of-the-road and fossil-fueled development scenarios. It is indicated that light and moderate rainfall and the duration of continuous rainfall spells will decrease in the TGR, leading to a decrease in the frequency of CREs. Meanwhile, the duration, rainfall amount, and intensity of CREs is projected to regional increase in the central-west TGR. These results are inconsistent with the raw projection of MIROC6. Observational diagnosis implies that CREs are mainly contributed by the vertical moisture advection. Such a synoptic contribution is captured well by WRF, which is not the case in MIROC6,indicating larger uncertainties in the CREs projected by MIROC6.

关键词： triple-nested downscaling Three Gorges Reservoir area consecutive rainfall events geological hazards projection

High-performance portable grating-based surface plasmon resonance sensor using a tunable laser at normal incidence

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Photonics research 2024年第5期12卷 947-958页

作者： DUC LE ANNI RANTA-LASSILA TEEMU SIPOLA MIKKO KARPPINEN JARNO PETAJA MINNA KEHUSMAA SANNA AIKIO TIAN-LONG GUO MATTHIEU ROUSSEY JUSSI HILTUNEN ALEXEY POPOV VTT Technical research centre of Finland 90570 OuluFinland Department of Physics and Mathematics University of Eastern FinlandFI-80101 JoensuuFinland

Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensors are among the most sensitive *** such devices,a grating is a compelling alternative to a prism for the excitation of a surface plasmon,especially in the development of sensors for point-of-care applications due to their compactness and ***,we demonstrate the use of a tunable laser in a grating-based SPR system for further miniaturization and *** tunable laser working at normal incidence replaces spectral and moving components,while also simplifying the optical *** incidence is conventionally avoided due to the complexity of the control of degenerated SPR *** investigate,both computationally and experimentally,the splitting of the SPR modes at small nonzero incidences,which is lacking in previously reported *** optimizing the grating configuration,we were able to diminish the SPR mode splitting phenomenon when the excitation was feasible with the normal incidence *** fabricated sensor showed a high sensitivity of 1101.6 nm/***,the figure of merit of the sensor,defined as the ratio between the sensitivity and bandwidth of the SPR dip,was *** experimental results were consistent with the simulation *** also demonstrate its capability for detecting low concentrations of glucose and creatinine with the limit of detection of 14.2 and 19.1 mmol/L,respectively.

关键词： tunable splitting excitation

Rate transient analysis methods for water-producing gas wells in tight reservoirs with mobile water

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 311-320页

作者： Qingyan Yu Ying Jia Pengcheng Liu Xiangyang Hu Shengye Hao research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development of SINOPEC Beijing100083China School of Energy Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

Tight gas reservoirs with mobile water exhibit multi-phase flow and high stress *** analyzing the reservoir and well parameters using conventional single-phase rate transient analysis methods proves *** study introduces novel rate transient analysis methods incorporating evaluation processes based on the conventional flowing material balance method and the Blasingame type-curve method to examine fractured gas wells producing *** positing a gas-water two-phase equivalent homogenous phase that considers characteristics of mobile water,gas,and high stress sensitivity,the conventional single-phase rate transient analysis methods can be applied by integrating the phase's characteristics and defining the phase's normalized parameters and material balance *** rate transient analysis methods based on the equivalent homogenous phase can be used to quantitatively assess the parameters of wells and gas reservoirs,such as original gas-in-place,fracture half-length,reservoir permeability,and well dr.inage *** facilitates the analysis of production dynamics of fractured wells and well-controlled areas,subsequently aiding in locating residual gas and guiding the configuration of well *** specific evaluation processes are ***,a numerical simulation mechanism model was constructed to verify the reliability of the developed *** methods introduced have been successfully implemented in field water-producing gas wells within tight gas reservoirs containing mobile water.

关键词： Gas reservoirs with mobile water Gas-water two phase flow High stress sensitivity Equivalent homogenous phase Rate transient analysis

The coupling control of biological precursors and environmental factors onβ-carotane enrichment in alkaline lacustrine source rocks:A case study from the Fengcheng formation in the western Junggar Basin,NW China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 836-854页

作者： Mao-Guo Hou Ming Zha Hua Liu Hai-Lei Liu Jiang-Xiu Qu Ablimit Imin Xiu-Jian Ding Zhong-Fa Jiang School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong266580China research Institute of Exploration and development Xinjiang Petroleum Administration BureauKaramayXinjiang834000China

The organic-rich mudstones and dolostones of the Permian Fengcheng Formation(Fm.)are typically alkaline lacustrine source rocks,which are typified by impressively abundantβ-*** β-carotane has been well acknowledged as an effective indicator of biological sources or depositional ***,the specific biological sources of β-carotane and the coupling control of biological sources and environmental factors on the enrichment of β-carotane in the Fengcheng *** *** on a comprehensive investigation of the bulk,molecular geochemistry,and organic petrology of sedimentary rocks and the biochemistry of phytoplankton in modern alkaline lakes,we proposed a new understanding of the biological precursors of β-carotane and elucidated the enrichment mechanism of β-carotane in the Fengcheng *** results show that the biological precursors crucially control the enrichment of β-carotane in the Fengcheng *** haloalkaliphilic cyanobacteria are the primary biological sources of β-carotane,which is suggested by a good positive correlation between the 2-methylhopane index,7-+8-methyl heptadecanes/C_(max),C_(29%),and β-carotane/C_(max)in sedimentary rocks and the predominance of cyanobacteria with abundantβ-carotene in modern alkaline *** enrichment of β-carotane requires the reducing condition,and the paleoredox state that affects the enrichment of β-carotane appears to have a *** paleoclimate conditions do not considerably impact the enrichment of β-carotane,but they have some influence on the water's paleosalinity by affecting evaporation and *** it does not directly affect the enrichment of β-carotane in the Fengcheng Fm.,paleosalinity does have an impact on the cyanobacterial precursor supply and the preservation conditions.

关键词： β-carotane enrichment Cyanobacterial input Environmental impact Alkaline lacustrine source rocks The Fengcheng formation

Shale oil production predication based on an empirical modelconstrained CNN-LSTM

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 232-239页

作者： Qiang Zhou Zhengdong Lei Zhewei Chen Yuhan Wang Yishan Liu Zhenhua Xu Yuqi Liu research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development PetroChinaBeijing100083China School of Energy Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

Accurately predicting the production rate and estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)of shale oil wells is vital for efficient shale oil *** numerical simulations provide accurate predictions,their high time,data,and labor demands call for a swifter,yet precise,*** study introduces the DuongeCNNeLSTM(D-C-L)model,which integrates a convolutional neural network(CNN)with a long short-term memory(LSTM)network and is grounded on the empirical Duong model for physical *** to traditional approaches,the D-C-L model demonstrates superior precision,efficiency,and cost-effectiveness in predicting shale oil production.

关键词： Shale oil Production prediction D-C-L Physical constraint

Genesis and Accumulation of Paleo-Oil Reservoir in Dabei Area,Kuqa Depression,Northwest China:Implications for Tight-Gas Accumulation

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 655-665页

作者： Fujie Jiang Xiao Chen Pengwei Wang Xinghe Shao Haijun Yang State Energy Center for Shale Oil research and development Beijing102206China National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Engineering Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China CNOOC International Ltd. Beijing100027China research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Production SINOPECBeijing100083China research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development Tarim OilfieldPetroChinaKorla841000China

Paleo-oil reservoir is of great importance to understand hydr.carbon enrichment mechanism and hydr.carbon exploration potential,but is yet poorly investigated in Kuqa *** occurrence of the paleo-oil reservoir in Dabei area was proved by quantitative grain fluorescence(QGF)and fluid inclusion *** history of the paleo-oil reservoir was reconstructed through:(1)oil-source correlation;(2)time coupling of source rock maturation,porosity evolution and migration *** impact of paleo-oil reservoir on tight-gas accumulation was consequently *** suggest that considerable oil was accumulated in the K_(1)bs reservoir with paleo oil-water contact in Dabei 2 Well and Dabei 201 Well at 5800 and 6040 m,*** oil was primarily sourced from Triassic source rocks with Jurassic source rocks of secondary importance,which was at oil generation window(0.7%–1.1%Ro)during 9–6 and 7.5–5 Ma,*** occurrence of K_(1)bs tight reservoir(porosity<12%)was about 25 Ma,while faults and associated fractures at Kelasue structural belt were developed approximately from 8 to 3.5 ***,the tight oil accumulation was formed during 8–5 *** paleo-oil reservoir in Dabei 1 gas field was destroyed by the evaporation fractionation in later stage.

关键词： Paleo-oil reservoir Dabei area Kuqa Depression Northwest China petroleum geology

Cobalt-nitrogen co-doped porous carbon sphere as highly efficient catalyst for liquid-phase cyclohexane oxidation with molecular oxygen and the active sites investigation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 101-112页

作者： Lei Chen Yuan Sun Jinshan Chi Wei Xiong Pingle Liu Fang Hao College of Chemical Engineering National&Local United Engineering Research Centre for Chemical Process Simulation and IntensificationXiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China

The selective oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol(KA oil)is a challenging issue in the chemical *** present the industrial conversion of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol is normally controlled at less than 5%***,the development of highly active and stable catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane is necessary to overcome this low-efficiency ***,we have developed a cobalt-nitrogen co-doped porous sphere catalyst,Co-NC-x(x is the Zn/Co molar ratio,where x=0,0.5,1,2,and 4)by pyrolyzing resorcinol-formaldehyde resin *** achieved 88.28%cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol selectivity and a cyclohexane conversion of 8.88%under *** results showed that the introduction of zinc effectively alleviated the aggregation of Co nanoparticles and optimized the structural properties of the *** addition,Co0 and pyridinic-N are proposed to be the possible active species,and their proportion efficiently increased in the presence of Zn^(2+)*** this study,we developed a novel strategy to design highly active catalysts for cyclohexane oxidation.

关键词： KA oil production cyclohexane selective oxidation cobalt-nitrogen co-doped porous carbon spheres metal-organic framework

Fracture behavior and mechanism of highly fragmented steel cylindr.cal shell under explosive loading

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 122-132页

作者： Kang Wang Peng Chen Xingyun Sun Yufeng Liu Jiayu Meng Xiaoyuan Li Xiongwei Zheng Chuan Xiao Xi'an Modern Chemistry research Institute Xi'an 710065China Shanxi Jiangyang Chemical Company Limited Taiyuan 030051China Central Iron&Steel research Institute Company Limited Beijing 100081China China research and development Academy of Machinery Equipment Beijing 100089China

An in-depth understanding of the fracture behavior and mechanism of metallic shells under internal explosive loading can help develop material designs for warheads and regulate the quantity and mass distribution of the fragments *** study investigated the fragmentation performance of a new high-carbon silicon-manganese(HCSiMn)steel cylindr.cal shell through fragment recovery *** with the conventional 45Cr steel shell,the number of small mass fragments produced by the HCSi Mn steel shell was significantly increased with a scale parameter of 0.57 g fitted by the Weibull distribution *** fragmentation process of the HCSi Mn shell exhibited more brittle tensile fracture characteristics,with the microcrack damage zone on the outer surface being the direct cause of its high *** the one hand,the doping of alloy elements resulted in grain refinement by forming metallographic structure of tempered sorbite,so that microscopic intergranular fracture reduces the characteristic mass of the fragments;on the other hand,the distribution of alloy carbides can exert a"pinning"effect on the substrate grains,causing more initial cracks to form and propagate along the brittle carbides,further improving the shell *** the killing power radius for light armored vehicles was slightly reduced by about 6%,the dense killing radius of HCSiMn steel projectile against personnel can be significantly increased by about 26%based on theoretical *** results provided an experimental basis for high fragmentation warhead design,and to some extent,revealed the correlation mechanism between metallographic structure and shell fragmentation.

关键词： Projectile fragmentation Fragment mass distribution Fracture mode Metallographic structure Damage power