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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 34-49页

作者： WANG Shuang MU Lin LI Xue XIE Jun DONG Ming School of Energy and Power Engineering Dalian University of Technology School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology School of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace University

Turbulent agglomeration is viewed as a promising technology for enhancing fine particle removal *** better understand particle transport,agglomeration behaviors,and fluid-particle interactions,we numerically explored these phenomena under cylindrical vortex wake influence using a coupled large eddy simulation and discrete element method（LES-DEM） *** validity of the LES approach was verified by comparison with available direct numerical simulation（DNS） *** adopted the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts（JKR） contact model for particle-particle *** particle dispersion and agglomeration characteristics of particles with different diameters（dp=2-20 μm） in the laminar and transition of shear layer（TrSL） flow regimes were *** particles were concentrated at the vortex centers,while larger particles accumulated around the *** agglomeration efficiency exhibited an M-shaped profile spanwise（y-direction）.With increasing Reynolds number,the agglomeration efficiency and turbulence intensity *** particle agglomeration efficiency peaks at a certain Reynolds ***,at higher Reynolds numbers,reducing the residence time of particles in the flow field decreases the agglomeration efficiency.

关键词： discrete element method large eddy simulation microparticle particle agglomeration

Privacy-preserving explainable AI: a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 23-56页

作者： Thanh Tam NGUYEN Thanh Trung HUYNH Zhao REN Thanh Toan NGUYEN Phi Le NGUYEN Hongzhi YIN Quoc Viet Hung NGUYEN School of Information and Communication technology Griffith University School of Computer and Communication Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty of Information technology HUTECH University Department of Computer Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland

As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.

关键词： privacy-preserving explainable AI privacy attacks privacy defences PrivEx PPXAI

Understanding the local structure and thermophysical behavior of Mg-La liquid alloys via machine learning potential

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 439-449页

作者： Jia Zhao Taixi Feng Guimin Lu National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resource East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Joint International Laboratory for Potassium and Lithium Strategic Resources East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The local structure and thermophysical behavior of Mg-La liquid alloys were in-depth understood using deep potential molecular dynamic(dpMD) simulation driven via machine learning to promote the development of Mg-La alloys. The robustness of the trained deep potential(dp) model was thoroughly evaluated through several aspects, including root-mean-square errors(RMSEs), energy and force data, and structural information comparison results;the results indicate the carefully trained dp model is reliable. The component and temperature dependence of the local structure in the Mg-La liquid alloy was analyzed. The effect of Mg content in the system on the first coordination shell of the atomic pairs is the same as that of temperature. The pre-peak demonstrated in the structure factor indicates the presence of a medium-range ordered structure in the Mg-La liquid alloy, which is particularly pronounced in the 80at% Mg system and disappears at elevated temperatures. The density, self-diffusion coefficient, and shear viscosity for the Mg-La liquid alloy were predicted via dpMD simulation, the evolution patterns with Mg content and temperature were subsequently discussed, and a database was established accordingly. Finally, the mixing enthalpy and elemental activity of the Mg-La liquid alloy at 1200 K were reliably evaluated,which provides new guidance for related studies.

关键词： magnesium-lanthanum liquid alloys local structure macroscopic properties thermodynamic behavior deep potential mo-lecular dynamic simulation

Grain boundary segregation induced strong UHTCs at elevated temperatures:A universal mechanism from conventional UHTCs to high entropy UHTCs

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2022年第28期123卷 26-33页

作者： Fu-Zhi Dai Bo Wen Yinjie Sun Yixiao Ren Huimin Xiang Yanchun Zhou Science and technology on Advanced Functional Composite Laboratory Aerospace Research Institute of Materials&Processing TechnologyBeijing 100076China dp technology Beijing 100044China

Ultra-high temperature ceramics(UHTCs)exhibit a unique combination of excellent properties,including ultra-high melting point,excellent chemical stability,and good oxidation resistance,which make them promising candidates for aerospace and nuclear ***,the degradation of hightemperature strength is one of the main limitations for their ultra-high temperature ***,searching for mechanisms that can help to develop high-performance UHTCs with good high-temperature mechanical properties is urgently *** achieve this goal,grain boundary segregation of a series of carbides,including conventional,medium entropy,and high entropy transition metal carbides,i.e.,Zr_(0.95)W_(0.05)C,TiZrHfC_(3),ZrHfNbTaC_(4),TiZrHfNbTaC_(5),were studied by atomistic simulations with a fitted Deep Potential(dp),and the effects of segregation on grain boundary strength were *** all the studied carbides,grain boundary segregations are realized,which are dominated by the atomic size *** addition,tensile simulations indicate that grain boundaries(GBs)will usually be strengthened due to *** simulation results reveal that grain boundary segregation may be a universal mechanism in enhancing the high-temperature strength of both conventional UHTCs and medium/high entropy UHTCs,since GBs play a key role in controlling the fracture of UHTCs at elevated temperatures.

关键词： UHTCs High entropy ceramics Grain boundary segregation High-temperature strength Machine learning potential

Structural mechanism of a dual-functional enzyme Dgp A/B/C as both a C-glycoside cleaving enzyme and an O-to C-glycoside isomerase

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第1期13卷 246-255页

作者： Pengfei He Sha Wang Sen Li Siqi Liu Shuqi Zhou Jing Wang Jiayue Tao Dongdong Wang Rufeng Wang Wenfu Ma School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102488China dp technology Bejing 100080China

The C-glycosidic bond that connects the sugar moiety with aglycone is difficult to be broken or made due to its inert *** knowledge of C-glycoside breakdown and synthesis is very ***,the enzyme Dgp A/B/C cascade from a human intestinal bacterium PUE was identified to specifically cleave the C-glycosidic bond of puerarin(daidzein-8-C-glucoside).Here we investigated how puerarin is recognized and oxidized by Dgp A based on crystal structures of Dgp A with or without substrate and biochemical *** strikingly,we found that apart from being a C-glycoside cleaving enzyme,Dgp A/B/C is capable of efficiently converting O-to C-glycoside showing the activity as a structure isomerase.A possible mechanistic model was proposed dependently of the simulated complex structure of Dgp B/C with 3’’-oxo-daidzin and structure-based *** findings not only shed light on understanding the enzyme-mediated C-glycosidic bond breakage and formation,but also may help to facilitate stereospecific C-glycoside synthesis in pharmaceutical industry.

关键词： C-Glycoside O-Glycoside C-Glycoside cleaving enzyme Isomerase Gut microbiota Flavonoid Puerarin and oxidoreductase

Design of platinum single-atom doped metal nanoclusters as efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysts by coupling electronic descriptor

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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 7016-7025页

作者： Qing Liu Xiaoxu Wang Lu Li Keke Song Ping Qian Yuan Ping Feng Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117551Singapore dp technology Beijing 100080China

Inspired by the single-atom catalysts(SACs)concept,we rationally design a series of Pt single atom catalysts embedded in different transition metal nanoclusters through first-principles *** these so-called“crown-jewel”(CJ)structures,Pt atoms(jewels)occupy the vertex sites of the metal nanocluster(crown)*** investigated the thermal stability and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)catalytic activity of these *** results reveal that CJ-structured PtCu nanoclusters are stable and possess a comparable or even better ORR activity compared to Pt catalyst,making it a promising candidate for low-cost ORR *** effect of cluster size on the adsorption strength of ORR intermediates and catalytic property has also been ***,the overall ORR catalytic activity trend of these SACs is explained based on analysis of their electronic properties.A descriptorΨwas established to provide further insight into the correlation between the electronic structure and catalytic activity,which provides a design strategy for new ORR *** importantly,we reveal that this electronic descriptor can be extended to predict other CJ-structured nanoclusters.

关键词： single-atom catalysts crown-jewel oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) catalyst design nanocluster

Submerged flexible vegetation impact on open channel flow velocity distribution: An analytical modelling study on drag and friction

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第2期12卷 121-128页

作者： Jaan H. Pu Awesar Hussain Ya-kun Guo Nikolaos Vardakastanis Prashanth R. Hanmaiahgari Dennis Lam Faculty of Engineering and Informatics University of BradfordBradford BD7 1DPUK Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

In this paper,an analytical model that represents the streamwise velocity distribution for open channel flow with submerged flexible vegetation is *** the present vegetated flow modelling,the whole flow field has been separated into two layers vertically: a vegetated layer and a non-vegetated free-water *** the vegetated layer,an analysis of the mechanisms affecting water flow through flexible vegetation has been *** the non-vegetated layer,a modified log-law equation that represents the velocity profile varying with vegetation height has been *** on the studied analytical model,a sensitivity analysis has been conducted to assess the influences of the drag (CD) and friction (Cf ) coefficients on the flow *** investigated ranges of CD and Cf have also been compared to published *** findings suggest that the CD and Cf values are non-constant at different depths and vegetation densities,unlike the constant values commonly suggested in *** phenomenon is particularly clear for flows with flexible vegetation,which is characterised by large deflection.

关键词： Analytical model Flexible vegetation Flow velocity Friction Drag Submerged vegetation

Review:Botnet detection techniques: review, future trends, and issue

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第11期15卷 943-983页

作者： Ahmad KARIM Rosli Bin SALLEH Muhammad SHIRAZ Syed Adeel Ali SHAH Irfan AWAN Nor Badrul ANUAR Faculty of Computer Science and Information technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer Science University of Bradford Bradford BD7 1DP UK

In recent years, the Internet has enabled access to widespread remote services in the distributed computing environment; however, integrity of data transmission in the distributed computing platform is hindered by a number of security issues. For instance, the botnet phenomenon is a prominent threat to Internet security, including the threat of malicious codes. The botnet phenomenon supports a wide range of criminal activities, including distributed denial of service(DDoS) attacks, click fraud, phishing, malware distribution, spam emails, and building machines for illegitimate exchange of information/materials. Therefore, it is imperative to design and develop a robust mechanism for improving the botnet detection, analysis, and removal process. Currently, botnet detection techniques have been reviewed in different ways; however, such studies are limited in scope and lack discussions on the latest botnet detection techniques. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest state-of-the-art techniques for botnet detection and figures out the trends of previous and current research. It provides a thematic taxonomy for the classification of botnet detection techniques and highlights the implications and critical aspects by qualitatively analyzing such techniques. Related to our comprehensive review, we highlight future directions for improving the schemes that broadly span the entire botnet detection research field and identify the persistent and prominent research challenges that remain open.

关键词： Botnet detection Anomaly detection Network security Attack Defense Taxonomy

Merging bound states in the continuum in an open acoustic resonator

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 124-131页

作者： Lujun Huang Bin Jia Artem S.Pilipchuk Sibo Huang Chen Shen Almas F.Sadreev Yong Li Andrey E.Miroshnichenko School of Physics and Electronic Sciences East China Normal University Institute of Acoustics Tongji University L.V.Kirensky Institute of Physics Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University School of Engineering and technology University of New South Wales at Canberra

Bound states in the continuum （BICs） are perfectly localized resonances despite embedding in the continuum ***,an isolated BIC is very sensitive to the structure ***,we report merging acoustic BICs in a single open resonator,robust against the structure *** find that both symmetry-protected BIC and Friedrich-Wintgen BIC are sustained in a single coupled waveguide-resonator *** varying the height and length of the resonator,these two BICs move toward each other and merge into a single one at a critical *** to an individual BIC,the merged BIC is robust against fabrication error because its Q-factor is proportional to ΔL-4,whereΔL embodies the structure *** essence of this extraordinary phenomenon is perfectly explained by the two-and three-level approximations of the effective nonHermitian ***,we present direct experimental demonstrations of the moving and merging of BICs in a coupled 3D waveguide-resonator,which are evidenced by the vanishing of the linewidth of Fano resonance in the transmission *** results may find exciting applications in designing high-quality acoustic sources,sensors and filters.

关键词： acoustic resonances bound state in the continuum high-Q resonances

The highest melting point material:Searched by Bayesian global optimization with deep potential molecular dynamics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第4期12卷 803-814页

作者： Yinan Wang Bo Wen Xingjian Jiao Ya Li Lei Chen Yujin Wang Fu-Zhi Dai Artificial Intelligence for Science Institute Beijing 100084China Science and technology on Advanced Functional Composite Laboratory Aerospace Research Institute of Materials&Processing TechnologyBeijing 100076China College of Computer Science and technology Heilongjiang Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural-Functional Integration Materials&Green Manufacturing technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China dp technology Bejing 100080China

The interest in refractory materials is increasing rapidly in recent decades due to the development of hypersonic ***,the substance that has the highest melting point(Tm)keeps a secret,since precise measurements in extreme conditions are overwhelmingly *** the present work,an accurate deep potential(dp)model of a Hf-Ta-C-N system was first trained,and then applied to search for the highest melting point material by molecular dynamics(MD)simulation and Bayesian global optimization(BGO).The predicted melting points agree well with the experiments and confirm that carbon site vacancies can enhance the melting point of rock-saltstructure *** solid solution with N is verified as another new and more effective melting point enhancing approach for HfC,while a conventional routing of the solid solution with Ta(e.g.,HfTa_(4)C_(5))is not suggested to result in a maximum melting *** highest melting point(~4236 K)is achieved with the composition of HfCo.638No.271,which is~80 K higher than the highest value in a Hf-C binary *** mechanism of the N addition is believed to be unstable C-N and N-N bonds in liquid phase,which reduces liquid phase entropy and renders the liquid phase less *** improved melting point and less gas generation during oxidation by the addition of N provide a new routing to modify thermal protection materials for the hypersonic vehicles.

关键词： melting point(T_(m)) carbides carbonitrides deep potential(dp) Bayesiannglobal optimization(BGO)