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A review of top-down cracking in asphalt pavements:Causes, models, experimental tools and future challenges

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第5期7卷 541-572页

作者： Francesco Canestrari Lorenzo Paolo Ingrassia Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Architettura(DICEA)Uniuersita Politecnica delle MarcheAncona 60131Italy

In the last decades,a new type of distress has been observed more and more frequently on asphalt *** distress,ascribable to fatigue failure,has been named top-down cracking(TDC) because it consists in longitudinal cracks that initiate on the pavement surface and then propagate downwards.A series of surveys recently carried out on Italian motorways highlighted that TDC can affect up to 20%-30% of the slow traffic ***,in order to achieve a better understanding of such distress,this paper reviews causes,models and experimental tools and highlights future challenges for *** literature review indicates that TDC can evolve on the pavement surface in three stages(i.e.,single crack,sister cracks,alligator cracking) and,below a certain depth,the cracks can form angles of 20°-40° with respect to the vertical *** though multiple factors contribute to TDC development,thick pavements are more likely to fail due to TDC induced by tire-pavement contact stresses,especially in the presence of open-graded friction courses(OGFCs).Moreover,in literature there are several TDC models based on mechanics(e.g.,fracture mechanics or continuum damage mechanics) which allow a rigorous study of crack initiation and *** challenges include the identification of a reliable and feasible test method,among those proposed in literature,to study the TDC performance of asphalt mixtures and the implementation of TDC in pavement management systems(PMSs) through the definition of criteria for TDC recognition in the field as well as for the rehabilitation depth ***,more research is needed for open-graded asphalt mixtures,which present critical drawbacks in terms of TDC.

关键词： Top-down cracking Flexible pavements Fatigue Cracking model Open-graded friction course Pavement management system

A semi-empirical model for top-down cracking depth evolution in thick asphalt pavements with open-graded friction courses

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第2期9卷 244-260页

作者： Francesco Canestrari Lorenzo Paolo Ingrassia Amedeo Virgili Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Architettura(DICEA)UniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheAncona 60131Italy

Thick asphalt pavements with open-graded friction course(OGFC) are exposed to topdown cracking(TDC), a distress consisting of longitudinal cracks that initiate on the pavement surface close to the wheel path and propagate downwards. The main objective of this study is to develop a semi-empirical model for the prediction of TDC depth evolution for such pavements. For this purpose, a series of cores were taken from different Italian motorway pavements affected by TDC and analyzed in the laboratory. Cracked cores taken from the wheel path area were analyzed to determine TDC depth, whereas intact cores taken from the middle of the lane(not affected by traffic loadings) were tested to obtain the volumetric and mechanical properties of the OGFC mixture. The proposed model, developed on the basis of the results already available in literature and on the findings of the laboratory investigation, predicts the evolution of TDC depth as a function of the applied traffic loadings(in terms of 12-ton fatigue equivalent single axle loads, i.e., ESALs). The model is sigmoidal with a maximum TDC depth assumed equal to 150 mm. The shape parameter of the sigmoidal function depends on the indirect tensile strength(ITS) of the OGFC mixtures(which takes into account indirectly also the volumetrics and stiffness of the OGFC), whereas the evolutive translation factor depends on the age of the OGFC mixture. After excluding some outliers, the model was able to predict the measured TDC depth very well. Moreover, in-situ observations allowed a preliminary validation of the proposed model. This model can be used in pavement management systems(PMSs) to plan surface repairs due to TDC in a timely manner, thus minimizing pavement damage and maintenance costs.

关键词： Top-down cracking(TDC) Asphalt pavement Open-graded friction course(OGFC) Porous asphalt(PA) Pavement management system(PMS) Modelling

Horizontal accuracy assessment of very high resolution Google Earth images in the city of Rome,Italy

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第4期9卷 342-362页

作者： Giuseppe Pulighe Valerio Baiocchi Flavio Lupia Istituto Nazionale di Economia Agraria via Nomentana 41Roma Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Ambientale(DICEA)UniversitàLa SapienzaRoma

Google Earth(GE)has recently become the focus of increasing interest and popularity among available online virtual globes used in scientific research projects,due to the free and easily accessed satellite imagery provided with global ***,the uses of this service raises several research questions on the quality and uncertainty of spatial data(*** accuracy,precision,consistency),with implications for potential uses like data collection and *** paper aims to analyze the horizontal accuracy of very high resolution(VHR)GE images in the city of Rome(Italy)for the years 2007,2011,and *** evaluation was conducted by using both Global Positioning System ground truth data and cadastral photogrammetric vertex as independent check *** validation process includes the comparison of histograms,graph plots,tests of normality,azimuthal direction errors,and the calculation of standard statistical *** results show that GE VHR imageries of Rome have an overall positional accuracy close to 1 m,sufficient for deriving ground truth samples,measurements,and large-scale planimetric maps.

关键词： Google Earth VHR images GPS accuracy assessment Rome

Chemical,morphological and rheological characterization of bitumen partially replaced with wood bio-oil:Towards more sustainable materials in road pavements

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第2期7卷 192-204页

作者： Lorenzo Paolo Ingrassia Xiaohu Lu Gilda Ferrotti Francesco Canestrari Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Architettura(DICEA)Universita Politecnica delle MarcheAncona 60131Italy Nynas AB Nynashamn SE-14982Sweden

Nowadays,sustainability and circular economy are two principles to be pursued in all *** road pavement engineering,they can be put into practice through the partial substitution of bitumen with industrial residues and by-products deriving from renewable *** this framework,this paper presents an extensive investigation of the chemical,morphological and rheological properties of bio-binders obtained by mixing a conventional 50/70 bitumen with different percentages by weight(0,5%,10%and 15%)of a renewable bio-oil,generated as a residue in the processing of wood into pulp and *** show that overall the bio-oil provides a softening effect,which,in terms of performance,leads to an improvement of the low-temperature behaviour and fatigue resistance with respect to the control bitumen,in spite of an increased tendency to permanent *** no chemical reaction appears to occur after blending,the peculiarities of the bio-oil affect the chemistry of the resulting bio-binders,whereas no phase separation is observed from the microscopic *** addition,a Newtonian behaviour,an unchanged temperature susceptibility and a good fitting of 1 S2 P1 D model to the rheological data are found,regardless of the bio-oil percentage *** promising outcomes suggest that such bio-binders can be favourably employed for several applications in road pavements.

关键词： Road materials Bio-binders FTIR SARA 1S2P1D Sustainability

Vibration-based crack prediction on a beam model using hybrid butterfly optimization algorithm with artificial neural network

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第8期16卷 976-989页

作者： Abdelwahhab KHATIR Roberto CAPOZUCCA Samir KHATIR Erica MAGAGNINI Structural Section dicea Polytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60131Italy Faculty of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam

Vibration-based damage detection methods have become widely used because of their advantages over traditional *** paper presents a new approach to identify the crack depth in steel beam structures based on vibration analysis using the Finite Element Method(FEM)and Artificial Neural Network(ANN)combined with Butterfly Optimization Algorithm(BOA).ANN is quite successful in such identification issues,but it has some limitations,such as reduction of error after system training is complete,which means the output does not provide optimal *** paper improves ANN training after introducing BOA as a hybrid model(BOA-ANN).Natural frequencies are used as input parameters and crack depth as *** data are collected from improved FEM using simulation tools(ABAQUS)based on different crack depths and locations as the first ***,data are collected from experimental analysis of cracked beams based on different crack depths and locations to test the reliability of the presented *** proposed approach,compared to other methods,can predict crack depth with improved accuracy.

关键词： damage prediction ANN BOA FEM experimental modal analysis

Integrating VGI and 2D hydraulic models into a data assimilation framework for real time flood forecasting and mapping

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2019年第4期22卷 223-236,I0001页

作者： Antonio Annis Fernando Nardi Water Resources Research and Documentation Centre(WARREDOC) University for Foreigners of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(dicea) University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Institute of Water and Environment(InWE) Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Crowdsourced data can effectively observe environmental and urban ecosystem *** use of data produced by untrained people into flood forecasting models may effectively allow Early Warning Systems(EWS)to better perform while support decision-making to reduce the fatalities and economic losses due to inundation *** this work,we develop a Data Assimilation(DA)method integrating Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI)and a 2D hydraulic model and we test its *** proposed framework seeks to extend the capabilities and performances of standard DA works,based on the use of traditional in situ sensors,by assimilating VGI while managing and taking into account the uncertainties related to the quality,and the location and timing of the entire set of observational *** November 2012 flood in the Italian Tiber River basin was selected as the case *** show improvements of the model in terms of uncertainty with a significant persistence of the model updating after the integration of the VGI,even in the case of use of few-selected observations gathered from social *** will encourage further research in the use of VGI for EWS considering the exponential increase of quality and quantity of smartphone and social media user worldwide.

关键词： Crowdsourced data VGI data assimilation(DA) flood forecasting 2D hydraulic modelling

An efficient improved Gradient Boosting for strain prediction in Near-Surface Mounted fiber-reinforced polymer strengthened reinforced concrete beam

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 1148-1168页

作者： Abdelwahhab KHATIR Roberto CAPOZUCCA Samir KHATIR Erica MAGAGNINI Brahim BENAISSA Thanh CUONG-LE Structural Section dicea Polytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60131Italy Centre for Engineering Application&Technology Solutions Ho Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Design Engineering Laboratory Toyota Technological InstituteNagoya 468-8511Japan

The Near-Surface Mounted(NSM)strengthening technique has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional strengthening methods in recent *** the past two decades,researchers have extensively studied its potential,advantages,and applications,as well as related parameters,aiming at optimization of construction ***,there is still a need to explore further,both from a static perspective,which involves accounting for the nonconservation of the contact section resulting from the bond-slip effect between fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)rods and resin and is typically neglected by existing analytical models,as well as from a dynamic standpoint,which involves studying the trends of vibration frequencies to understand the effects of various forms of damage and the efficiency of *** address this gap in knowledge,this research involves static and dynamic tests on simply supported reinforced concrete(RC)beams using rods of NSM carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)and glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP).The main objective is to examine the effects of various strengthening *** research conducts bending tests with loading cycles until failure,and it helps to define the behavior of beam specimens under various damage degrees,including concrete *** analysis by free vibration testing enables tracking of the effectiveness of the reinforcement at various damage levels at each stage of the loading *** addition,application of Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)and Genetic Algorithm(GA)is proposed to optimize Gradient Boosting(GB)training performance for concrete strain prediction in NSM-FRP *** GB using Particle Swarm Optimization(GBPSO)and GB using Genetic Algorithm(GBGA)systems were trained using an experimental data set,where the input data was a static applied load and the output data was the consequent *** models of GBPSO and GBGA have been shown to provide highly accurate results for predicting *** model

关键词： NSM technique fiber-reinforced polymer rods static and dynamic analysis GB PSO GA finite element analysis

Framework based on building information modeling, mixed reality, and a cloud platform to support information flow in facility management

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020年第1期7卷 131-141页

作者： Berardo NATICCHIA Alessandra CORNELI Alessandro CARBONARI Department of Civil and Building Engineering and Architecture(dicea) Polytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60131Italy

The quality of information flow management has a remarkable effect on the entire life cycle of *** retrieval of technical specifications and features of building components and their performance assessment leads to increased cost and time and efficiency reduction,especially during the facility management(FM)*** introduction of building information modeling(BIM)in the construction industry can provide a valuable means of improving the organization and exchange of *** tools integrate multiple levels of information within a single digital model of a ***,the support given by BIM to FM is far from being fully *** can benefit from real-time communication with the data repository whenever the need for gathering contextual information and/or updating any data in the digital model *** framework proposed in this study aims to develop a system that supports on-site *** requirements have been determined from the analyses of procedures that are usually implemented in the building life *** studies set the standard for the development of a digital model of a building,which will be shared among various actors in charge of FM and accessed via a cloud ***,mixed reality is proposed to support specific information that is relevant to geometric features and procedures to be followed by *** article presents three use-cases supported by the proposed *** addition,this research article describes the first proof of concept regarding real-time support for FM.

关键词： information flow management BIM mixed reality common data environment facility management

Seawater Intrusion and Salinization Processes Assessment in a Multistrata Coastal Aquifer in Italy

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第11期4卷 954-967页

作者： Giuseppe Sappa Maria Teresa Coviello Department of Civil Building and Environmental Engineering (DICEA) Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy

This paper presents the results of the investigations, driven by different techniques, including environmental tracers and geophysical methods, in the aim of better understand the causes of the current salt-water intrusion in the Pontina Plain, in the south of the Lazio Region (Italy). In the last 50 years many investigation campaigns have been carried out to evaluate the evolution of salt-water intrusion. This is an area with a strong man-made residential and tourist impact and, in the some cases, it is characterized by intensive agricultural practices. Therefore, it can be affected not only by salt-water intrusion, but by the salinization of its groundwater also due to other factors. All these factors have led the Pontina Plain to a groundwater situation which makes the groundwater resource management and the planning of their future exploitation very difficult.

关键词： Coastal Aquifers Geophysical Methods Environmental Tracers Salinization Salt-Water/Fresh-Water Relation Italy