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Load dependent microstructural evolution in an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron during unlubricated sliding

Friction 2022年第8期10卷 1258-1275页

作者： U.Pranav NAYAK Sebastian SUÁREZ Valentin PESNEL Frank MÜCKLICH María Agustina GUITAR department of Materials Science Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Materials Engineering Center Saarland Saarbrücken 66123Germany Ecole Européenne d’ingénieurs en Génie des Matériaux Universitéde LorraineNancy 54000France

In the current study,an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron(HCCI)alloy was subjected to dry-sliding linear wear tests,under different *** loads were selected based on analytically computing the critical load(PC)i.e.,the load necessary to induce plastic *** PC was calculated to be 15 N and accordingly,a sub-critical load(5 N)and an over-critical load(20 N)were *** influence of increasing the load during the wear test was investigated in terms of the matrix microstructural behaviour and its ability to support the surrounding *** morphological aspects of the wear tracks,and the deformed matrix microstructure adjacent and underneath the track was analysed by confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM),*** evidence of plastic deformation of the matrix was observed below *** the contrary,at loads equal to and higher than PC,the austenitic matrix plastically deformed as evidenced by the presence of slip *** backscattered diffraction(EBSd)measurements in terms of grain reference orientation deviation,and micro-Vickers hardness of the austenitic matrix indicated a deformation depth of about 40μm at the maximum applied load of 20 *** active wear mechanisms during sliding were a combination of both adhesive and abrasive wear,although increasing the load shifted the dominant mechanism towards *** was primarily attributable to the increased propensity for carbide cracking and fracturing,combined with the inability of the hardened austenitic matrix surface and sub-surface to adequately support the broken carbide ***,the shift in the dominant wear mechanism was also reflected in the wear volume and subsequently,the wear rate.

关键词： high chromium cast iron unlubricated sliding plastic deformation wear resistance carbide spallation matrix hardness

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Automated mixing of maximally localized Wannier functions into target manifolds

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 229-237页

作者： Junfeng Qiao Giovanni Pizzi Nicola Marzari Theory and Simulations of Materials(THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland Laboratory for Materials Simulations(LMS) Paul Scherrer Institut(PSI)CH-5232 Villigen PSISwitzerland

Maximally localized Wannier functions(MLWFs)are widely used in electronic-structure *** have recently developed automated approaches to generate MLWFs that represent natural tight-binding sets of atomic-like orbitals;these describe accurately both the occupied states and the complementary unoccupied *** many applications,it is required to use MLWFs that describe instead certain target groups of bands:the valence or the conduction bands,or correlated ***,we start from these tight-binding sets of MLWFs,and mix them using a combination of parallel transport and maximal localization to construct manifold-remixed Wannier functions(MRWFs):these are orthogonal sets of MLWFs that fully and only span desired target *** algorithm is simple and robust,and is showcased here in reference applications(silicon,MoS_(2),and SrVO_(3))and in a mid-throughput study of 77 insulators.

关键词： maximal bands occupied

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Full-Annulus Simulation of the Surge Inception in a Transonic Centrifugal Compressor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2015年第5期24卷 442-451页

作者： I.Trébinjac E.Benichou N.Buffaz Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d’Acoustique UMR CNRS 5509 Ecole Centrale de Lyon UCBLyon I INSA 36 av. Guy de Collongue 69134 Ecully Cedex France Turbomeca groupe Safran 64511 Bordes France

Full annulus simulations of the flow which develops in a transonic centrifugal compressor are performed at two stable operating points （peak efficiency and near surge） and during the path to surge. At stable conditions, the flow field properties are analyzed by comparisons with experimental data and numerical simulations using a phase lagged approach previously carried out. Regarding the stage overall performance, an excellent agreement is obtained between the numerical results （both with time lagged approach and full-annulus calculation） and the ex- periments. From the full-annnlus simulations, the change in flow pattern from peak efficiency to surge is found to be perfectly similar to that obtained from the simulations using the time lagged approach. In particular, pro- vided that the operating point is stable, the flow proves to be chorochronic. The full-annulus simulations were continued after a unique small change in the throttle law applied at the exit of the numerical domain. The mass flow, pressure ratio and efficiency then significantly drop all the more the time progresses. The simulation becomes unstable and the surge inception well underway. The path to surge is found to be due to the enlargement of the boundary layer separation on the suction side of the diffuser vanes in accordance with the conclusions drawn from the chorochronic simulations and experiments. But as the time progresses, the flow loses its chorochronic character. Stall cells rotating at around 7% of the rotor speed develop and lead to surge in around 5 revolutions.

关键词： centrifugal compressor surge transonic rotating stall full-annulus simulation URANS

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3d flame-retardant skeleton reinforced polymer electrolyte for solid-state dendrite-free lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 174-181,I0006页

作者： Xiaojiao Zheng Jiawei Wu Jing Chen Xiaodong Wang Zhenglong Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of d&A for Metal-Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology&School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

For solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs),improving their mechanical and electrochemical properties is the key to obtaining batteries with higher safety and higher energy ***,a novel synergistic strategy proposed is preparing a 3d flame-retardant skeleton(3dPA)and adding nano-multifunctional fillers(Li-ILs@ZIF-8).In addition to providing mechanical support for the polyethylene oxide(PEO)matrix,3dPA also has further contributed to the system’s flame retardancy and further improved the ***,the electrochemical performance is fully guaranteed by rigid Li-ILs@ZIF-8,which provides fast migration channels forLi^(+),reduces the crystallinity of PEO and effectively inhibits lithium *** limiting oxygen index of the optimal sample(PL3Z/PA)is as high as 20.5%,and the ionic conductivity reaches 2.89×10^(-4) and 0.91×10^(-3) S cm^(-1) at 25 and 55°C,*** assembled Li|PL3Z/PA|Li battery can be cycled stably for more than 1000 h at a current density of 0.1 m A cm^(-2) without short circuit being pierced by lithium *** specific capacity of the LFP|PL3Z/PA|Li battery was 160.5 m Ah g^(-1) under a current density of 0.5 C,and the capacity retention rate was 90.0%after 300 cycles.

关键词： Solid polymer electrolytes Polyethylene oxide 3d flame-retardant skeleton Multifunctional fillers Synergistic effect

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Traceability, international standardization programs,and world-wide reference systems in laboratory medicine

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中华检验医学杂志 2008年第3期31卷 250-252页

作者： Francesco dati Jill Tate IVd-Consulting Pappelweg 18 D-35041 Marburg Germany Pathology Queensland Chemical Pathology Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Herstan Queensland 4029 Australia

随着科学与技术的发展，临床检验近年出现了许多新的检验项目，尤其是利用免疫学原理对某些浓度很低的特殊蛋白的检测，但这些检测的结果可以是方法特异的，一种方法结果可能无法与其他方法结果相比较。为实现标准化或一致化，不同免疫... 详细信息

随着科学与技术的发展，临床检验近年出现了许多新的检验项目，尤其是利用免疫学原理对某些浓度很低的特殊蛋白的检测，但这些检测的结果可以是方法特异的，一种方法结果可能无法与其他方法结果相比较。为实现标准化或一致化，不同免疫分析的方法设计需具有可比性，校准物需溯源至同一参考物质。新的欧盟法规要求体外诊断产品的校准物和控制物的定值需具有溯源性，此要求适用所有体外诊断产品，对全球制造商和临床实验室产生影响。溯源原理基于EN ISO 17511，方法间结果的可比性有赖于合理设计的参考系统。此参考系统包括下列基本要素：足够明确的分析物定义，参考测量程序，适当的一级和次级参考物质，经过认可的参考实验室网络，临床溯源性相关信息，以及测量不确定度表述等。溯源性通过不间断的校准链（溯源链）实现，后者由交替出现的测量程序和校准物质组成。SI溯源链始于分析物的SI单位定义，随后通过一级参考测量程序和一级参考物质传递SI单位。量值的准确性或正确性源于一级参考测量程序和一级参考物质，但由于一级参考物质价格昂贵，一级参考测量程序无法在常规检测中应用，尚需中间的校准物和方法将准确性传递至产品校准物，最终至患者样品。每一次传递都会增加误差或不确定度，因此溯源链的传递步骤越少越好。正确的传递链要求每一测量程序的检测特异性和每一校准品的互通性，达不到这些要求会使溯源链中断。制造商还需确定校准品定值的不确定度并将这一信息提供给用户，在计量学上不确定度与定值同样重要。临床实验室位于溯源链的终端，结果的溯源性有赖于制造商所使用和描述的参考测量程序和参考物质。建立校准物的溯源性和改进检验结果的可比性需要标准化计划，这意味着使检测结果尽可能接近上一级参考测量程序得到的真值。采用较低级别的公认方法为特定的参考物质定值时，上述过程表述为“一致化”，而不是“标准化”，因为一致的结果不一定是真值。为整理和公布检验医学现有较高级别参考物质、参考测量程序和参考实验室，国际计量局（BIPM）、国际临床化学联合会（IFCC）和国际实验室认可协会（ILAC）成立检验医学溯源联合委员会（简称JCTLM）。JCLTM的主要任务是通过实施参考系统，建立检验结果溯源性，改进其可比性，从而提高医疗卫生质量并降低费用。JCTLM设立工作框架，按照国际标准（ISO 17511，15193，15194）建立参考物质和参考测量程序认定步骤。工作任务被很快确立并付诸实施，包括建立参考物质和参考测量程序列表，建立参考实验室网络，建立新的参考物质和参考测量程序的审批程序，以及合作研发新的参考物质和参考测量程序。

关键词：参考标准校准临床检验参考物质参考测量程序实验室检验参考系统溯源性

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Prevalence of Schistosoma mono- and co-infections with multiple common parasites and associated risk factors and morbidity profile among adults in the Taabo health and demographic surveillance system, South-Central Côte d’Ivoire

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 84-85页

作者： Fidèle K.Bassa Ikenna C.Eze Rufin K.Assaré Clémence Essé Siaka Koné Félix Acka Véronique Laubhouet-Koffi dinard Kouassi Bassirou Bonfoh Jürg Utzinger Eliézer K.N’Goran Unitéde Formation et de Recherche Biosciences UniversitéFélix Houphouët-Boigny22P.O.Box 582Abidjan 22Côte d’Ivoire 不详

Background Schistosomiasis remains an important public health problem,also among adults,and infected individuals not treated serve as a reservoir for continued *** this fact,evidence on the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in adults in Côte d’Ivoire is *** study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma infection and co-infection with other helminth species and Plasmodium among adults in the Taabo region in the south-central part of Côte d’*** A cross-sectional survey was carried out in April and May 2017 in the frame of the“Côte d’Ivoire dual Burden of disease Study”(CoduBu).A total of 901 randomly selected individuals,aged 18–90 years,provided blood,stool and urine samples for the diagnosis of malaria and helminth *** samples were subjected to the Kato-Katz technique for detection of Schistosoma mansoni and soil-transmitted helminth eggs,while urine samples were examined for eggs of Schistosoma haematobium and circulating cathodic antigen of *** factors and morbidity profiles were assessed using health examination and *** logistic regressions were employed to identify risk factors and morbidity patterns associated with *** mono-and *** The prevalence of *** and *** was 23.2%and 1.0%,*** *** were mono-infections(81.3%).Independent determinants of *** infection were young age,low socioeconomic status(mono-and co-infection)and poor hygiene practices(co-infection)(Pdependently associated with higher pain and symptom scores(mono-infection),poor self-rated health and low healthcare use(co-infection)(Pdy showed that adults represent a substantial reservoir of *** sustain schistosomiasis control and improve people’s wellbeing,it is important to expand preventive chemotherapy from school-aged children to adults,coupled with hygiene and

关键词： Adults Côte d’Ivoire Morbidity patterns Prevalence Risk factor Schistosoma infection

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development and strengthening mechanisms of a hybrid CNTs@SiCp/Mg-6Zn composite fabricated by a novel method

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第4期9卷 1370-1379页

作者： Chao ding Xiaoshi Hu Hailong Shi Weimin Gan Kun Wu Xiaojun Wang National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of Technology92 West Dazhi StreetHarbinHeilongjiang 150001PR China GEMS at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum(MLZ) Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtLichtenbergstr.1D-85748 GarchingGermany

The hybrid addition of CNTs was used to improve both the strengths and ductility of SiCp reinforced Mg matrix composites.A novel method was developed to simultaneously disperse SiCp and CNTs in Mg ***,new CNTs@SiCp hybrid reinforcements were synthesized by ***,CNTs were well pre-dispersed on the SiCp surfaces before they were added to Mg ***,the following semisolid stirring and ultrasonic vibration dispersed the new hybrid reinforcements well in Mg-6Zn *** hybrid composite exhibits some unique features in *** the distribution of SiCp was very uniform in the Mg-6Zn matrix,most CNTs distributed along the strips in the state of micro-clusters,in which CNTs were bonded very well with Mg *** of the CNTs kept their structure integrity during fabrication *** these factors ensure that the hybrid composite have much higher strength and elongation than the mono SiC/Mg-6Zn *** dominant strengthening mechanism is the load transfer effect of *** from grain refinement,the CNTs toughen the composites by impeding the microcrack propagation inside the ***,the hybrid CNTs@SiCp successfully realizes the reinforcing advantage of“1+1>2”.

关键词： Hybrid CVd Mg matrix composites Strengthening mechanism Ultrasonic vibration

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Credit Rationing and the Simulation of Bank-Small and Medium Sized Firm Artificial Credit Market

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2016年第4期29卷 991-1017页

作者： LIU Xuefeng ZHANG Wei XIONG Xiong SHEN dehua ZHANG Yongjie College of Management and Economics Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Computation and Analytics of Complex Management Systems(CA CMS) Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China departament d'Economia Universitat Jaume ICastellSn de la Plana12071Spain.

By analyzing the financing difficulties faced by the small and medium-sized firms, the paper built an artificial credit markets with the agent-based computational modeling to simulate the real world credit transactions. There are firms, banks, different risk-type projects as well as legal and supervision environments in which debt contracts constitute the financial instruments. The simulation results show that the number of collateral, average success probability of projects, and the prime interest rate have materially impact on bank's average profit, bank's capital, the overall interest rate,the number of borrowing firms, loan size, and the degree of credit rationing. These results in line with those of the classical S-W model in the sense that the relationship between bank profits and interest rates is non-monotonic as well as the relationship between credit rationing and interest rates. And thus there is an adverse selection effect in credit rationing theory.

关键词： Agent-based computational finance artificial credit market credit rationing small- and medium-sized firms.

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Precise Relative Orbit determination of Twin GRACE Satellites

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2010年第3期13卷 221-225页

作者： ZHAO Qile HU Zhigang GUO Jing LI Min GE Maorong GNSS Research Center Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China department of Geodesy and Remote Sensing GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) Potsdam Telegrafenberg A17 D14473 Potsdam Germany

When formation flying spacecrafts are used as platform to gain earth oriented observation, precise baselines between these spacecrafts are always essential. Gravity recovery and climate experiment （GRACE） mission is aimed at mapping the global gravity field and its variation. Accurate baseline of GRACE satellites is necessary for the gravity field modeling. The determination of kinematic and reduced dynamic relative orbits of twin satellites has been studied in this paper, and an accuracy of 2 mm for dynamic relative orbits and 5 mm for kinematic ones can be obtained, whereby most of the double difference onboard GPS ambiguities are resolved.

关键词： GRACE gravity field modeling formation flying spacecraft relative orbit determination

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The effect of ozone on pine forests in South-Eastern France from 2017 to 2019

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 301-315页

作者： Anumol Shashikumar Svetlana Bičárová dalstein-Richier Laurence Groupe International d′Etudes des Forêts Sud-Européennes(G.I.E.F.S) 69Avenue des Hespérides06300 NiceFrance Institute of Earth Science of the Slovak Academy of Sciences 05960 StaráLesnáTatranskáLomnicaSlovakia

In South-Eastern forests of France,risks linked to the effects of tropospheric ozone(O_(3))are real;its annual impact has been observed specifically near the coastline and in high altitude mountains during the period *** this study,the risk assessment of O_(3)pollutant was carried out using two approaches based on forest response indicators such as O_(3)specific foliar visible injury and by stomatal O_(3)*** O_(3)dose values(POd_(0))were obtained by the dO_(3)SE *** model requires hourly O_(3)concentration for POd_(0)calculation.A modified approach that uses measurements from passive samplers(monthly average O_(3)concentration)was tested for the calculation of POd_(0)and test results showed good agreement with the POd_(0)calculated using hourly O_(3)*** the model input file,the average O_(3)concentration is used for POd_(0),and this could be useful for POd_(0)calculation when the active monitor is *** this study,a flux-based assessment provided better correlation with O_(3)specific leaf injury,which is also *** visible injury in response to O_(3)indicates that Pinus cembra and Pinus halepensis are more affected and therefore more sensitive than Pinus *** POd_(0)and stomatal conductance(Gsto)seem to be induced by environmental factors,primarily rainfall and the soil water potential(fSWP).The correlation between the O_(3)flux metric and environmental variables with forest response indicators by Spearman rank test confirms *** as one of the most sensitive species to O_(3).

关键词： Ozone Foliar visible injury Phytotoxic ozone dose Stomatal conductance dO_(3)SE

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