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Why implantation of bio-loggers may improve our understanding of how animals cope within their natural environment

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 48-64页

作者： Marie-Amélie FORIN-WIART Manfred R.ENSTIPP Yvon LE MAHO Yves HANdRICH Universitéde Strasbourg CNRSIPHCDépartement EcologiePhysiologie et EthologieUMR 7178StrasbourgFrance Centre d’etudes Biologiques de Chizé CNRSUMR 7372Villiers en BoisFrance Centre Scientifique de Monaco Département de Biologie PolaireMonaco

Bio-loggers are miniaturized autonomous devices that record quantitative data on the state of free-ranging ani-mals(***,position and physiology)and their natural *** is especially relevant for spe-cies where direct visual observation is difficult or ***,ongoing technical development allows the monitoring of numerous parameters in an increasing range of species over extended ***,the ex-ternal attachment of devices might affect various aspects of animal performance(energetics,thermoregulation,foraging as well as social and reproductive behavior),which ultimately affect *** attachment might also increase entanglement risk and the conspicuousness of animals,leaving them more vulnerable to *** contrast,implantation of devices can mitigate many of these undesirable effects and might be prefera-ble,especially for long-term studies,provided that the many challenges associated with surgical procedures can be *** may then allow us to gather data that would be impossible to obtain otherwise and thereby may provide new and ecologically relevant insights into the life of wild ***,we:(i)discuss the pros and cons of attachment methods;(ii)highlight recent field studies that used implanted bio-loggers to address eco-physiological questions in a wide range of species;and(iii)discuss logger implantation in light of ethical considerations.

关键词： behavior bio-logging device implantation eco-physiology long-term deployment

Effect of the ethanolic Extract of Khaya senegalensis on Some Biochemical Parameters on Rabbit’s in Glucose Overload Condition

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 240-248页

作者： Essé Agossou Mélanie Ahokpe Justin Behanzin Marcellin Takin Ganiou Yessoufou Loica Zohoun Lamine Baba-Moussa Alphonse Sezan Laboratoire de Biomembranes et Signalisation Cellulaire département de physiologie animale Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratoire de biologie et de Typage moléculaire en Microbiologie département de Biochimie et de biologie Cellulaire Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin

The effect of the ethanolic extract Khaya senegalensis on some biochemical parameters was tested in rabbits with normal glucose and glucose overload. Phytochemical screening after three batches of 6 rabbits race (TBd) were treated with the extract in oral doses of respectively 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days;three other groups receiving respectively these doses of the extract were placed under a priori temporary overload of glucose;a control group received instead distilled water treatment. Blood glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured by spectrophotometry and weight gain of the animals was performed at the beginning of the experiment and every 2 weeks during the study period. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenolic compounds (majority) of saponins of anthracene derivatives and steroids in the extract. The test results indicate that under the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) there was a significant decrease (p d glucose after 24 hours. The extract had no effect on the lipid profile or body weight of rabbits.

关键词： Rabbit Khaya senegalensis Glucose Lipid Profile

Purification and Characterization of Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the dromedary Camel

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第2期39卷 148-154页

作者： Latifa FOURRAT,Abdelghani IddAR,Abdelaziz SOUKRI 1Laboratoire de physiologie et Génétique Moléculaire département de biologie Facultédes Sciences A■n-Chock UniversitéHassan-Ⅱ. Casablanca Morocco ~2Centre National de l'Energie des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires Center d'etudes Nucléaires de la Ma■mora Rabat 10001 Morocco

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase （GAPdH）（EC 1.***.1.12）,a key enzyme ofcarbon metabolism,was purified and characterized to homogeneity from skeletal muscle of *** protein was purified approximately 26.8 folds by conventional ammonium sulphatefractionation followed by Blue Sepharose CL-6B chromatography,and its physical and kinetic propertieswere *** native protein is a homotetramer with an apparent molecular weight of approximately146 *** focusing analysis showed the presence of only one GAPdH isoform with an isoelectricpoint of *** optimum pH of the purified enzyme was *** on the effect of temperature onenzyme activity revealed an optimal value of approximately 28-32 ℃ with activation energy of 4.9 kcal/*** apparent Kmvalues for NAd+and dL-glyceraldehyde-3-phophate were estimated to be 0.025±0.040mM and 0.21±0.08 mM, respectively. The Vmaxof the purified protein was estimated to be 52.7±5.9 U/*** kinetic parameter values were different from those described previously, reflecting protein differencesbetween species.

关键词： Camelus dromedarius glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein purification skeletal muscle

Trace Elements in Mollusks, Crustaceans and Fish Commonly Consumed by the Catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatusLacépède, 1803 from the Lake Togo-Lagoon of Aného Hydrosystem (Southern Togo)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第12期12卷 1185-1203页

作者： Kamilou Ouro-Sama Komlan Mawuli Afiademanyo Hodabalo dheoulaba Solitoke Gnon Tanouayi Tchaa Esso-Essinam Badassan Koudjo Adje Koudjo Adje Sadikou Agbere Kissao Gnandi Laboratoire de Gestion Traitement et Valorisation des Déchets Département de Géologie et Environnement Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire d’Ecologie animale et d’Ecotoxicologie Département de Zoologie et Biologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

The omnivorous fish species, C. nigrodigitatus feeds mainly on benthic organisms and may therefore consume contaminated food throughout its food web. This can lead to the bioaccumulation of contaminants such as trace elements in their tissues. However, fish consumption is a major pathway of human exposure to contaminants which may cause public health problems. The aim of the present study is to assess trace elements contamination in some species from the food web of C. nigrodigitatus. For this, 10 main food items of the silver catfish were collected at two sites from February to July 2017 and analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer coupled with a hydride and cold vapour generator. The concentrations of trace elements varied greatly from one species to another and within each species. These values ranged from 0.007 mg/kg for Hg in C hippos to 354.84 mg/kg for Mn in P. fusca. The most contaminated species by trace elements were benthic organisms: M. perna (Cd, Pb, Hg), Pagurus sp. (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn), G. paradoxa (As) and P. fusca (Mn). The average concentrations of trace elements found in species were, for the most part, above WHO standards except Hg in M. perna and G. paradoxa. The water-based bioconcentration factors (BCFw) reach 92.58 for Cd, 44.72 for Pb, 382.49 for Hg and 1514.34 for As in M. perna. It is therefore necessary to pay particular attention to this ecosystem and to put in place a better management plan.

关键词： C. nigrodigitatus Preys Trace Elements Contamination Lake Togo Aného Lagoon

diet and Food Consumption of the African Catfish, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatusLacépède (1803) (Siluriformes: Claroteidae), from the Hydrosystem Lake Togo-Lagoon of Aného (South of Togo)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第11期11卷 954-976页

作者： Kamilou Ouro-Sama Komlan Mawuli Afiademanyo Hodabalo dheoulaba Solitoke Gnon Tanouayi Tchaa Esso-Essinam Badassan Housséni Ahoudi Kissao Gnandi Laboratoire de Gestion Traitement et Valorisation des Déchets (GTVD) Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire d’Ecologie animale et d’Ecotoxicologie Département de Zoologie et Biologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

Catfishes belonging to the genus Chrysichthys are generally important fish species in inland water bodies of Africa because of their high commercial value. Among them, C. nigrodigitatus could represent, at certain periods of the year the highest biomass of the littoral ichthyofauna, accounting for 17 to 43.8% of total catches. In this paper, its diet in the hydrosystem Lake Togo-Lagoon of Aného was investigated focusing on how differences in diet and food consumption are related to size, season and sexual maturity. A total of 195 males and 137 females were sampled from January to december 2017. The digestive tract of each individual was dissected and its content was analyzed, using indexes of stomach contents analysis method. diet variability in relation to season and biometric parameters was also studied. About 99 stomachs were empty with an overall vacuity index of 29.82%. However, vacuity index was found to vary in relation to fish size and months. The fish has been found to be omnivorous with a carnivorous tendency consuming a wide range of prey items (H = 3.34). Juvenile and adult freshwater clams (Galatea paradoxa) were the numerical dominant preys (%N = 44%) while the penaeid shrimps (Farfantepenaeus notialis) with an annual frequency of occurrence (Fo) of 49.36% and all species confused of fish (33.91%) were the most preferred preys. The index of relative importance (IRI) reveals that freshwater clam (40.49%), penaeid shrimps (35.85%) and all species confused of fish (14.58%) were the most important preys of C. nigrodigitatus. The dominance of Malacostraca and Mollusca in the diet of C. nigrodigitatus in the hydrosystem Lake Togo-Lagoon of Aného is likely one of the more important considerations for future management plans.

关键词： Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus Food Item Feeding Ecology Lake Togo Lagoon of Aného

Morphometric differentiation between Two Closely Related Achatinid Snails (Gastropoda: Achatinidae) of West Africa and Implications for the Conservation of Achatina togoensis(Bequaert &Clench, 1934)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第4期11卷 559-579页

作者： Komlan Mawuli Afiademanyo Kwami Lumo Awaga Kamilou Ouro-Sama Hodabalo dheoulaba Solitoke Laboratoire d’Ecologie animale et d’Ecotoxicologie Département de Zoologie et de Biologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Togo département de Biochimie Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Gestion Traitement et Valorisation des Déchets (GTVD) Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Togo

Achatina togoensis is a giant land snail taxa endemic to the northern sectors of the Monts Togo, which has been regarded as full species or subspecies of the highly variable, widespread A. achatina (L.). To address this issue, samples of snails were taken throughout the distribution range of the two taxa in the Dahomey Gap (West Africa) and separated into 112 A. achatina and 141 A. togoensis according to color of the columella and parietal wall. Radulae were compared and shell characters of these 2 species were evaluated through the traditional morphometric method. The results indicate that the species cannot be distinguished by overall shell size and radular morphology, but they exhibit significant differenc

关键词： Shell Morphometry Radulae Achatina achatina Achatina togoensis West Africa

Performance of Two Food Substrates in the Mass Rearing of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (diptera: Tephritidae)

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Advances in Entomology 2023年第3期11卷 188-203页

作者： Karim Nébié Ilboudo Zakaria Pagabeleguem Soumaila Zaoua Hamoumapi delphine dabiré Rémy Centre National de Spécialisation en Fruits et Légumes Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso département de biologie animale et physiologie animale Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement et du développement durable Université de Dédougou Dédougou Burkina Faso

The fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel is a major constraint to mango production in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of two types of food substrates in optimizing the mass rearing of B. dorsalis larvae. For this purpose, 200 eggs of B. dorsalis were divided into four batches of 50 eggs and incubated in Petri dishes containing the different food substrates (diet 1 and diet 2). This method was used to evaluate the rate and duration of egg hatching, as well as the development time of the different larval stages. In addition, 1200 pupae divided into four batches of 300 pupae, contained in PVC tubes, were placed inside the rearing cages to monitor the emergence of B. dorsalis. Ten pairs of B. dorsalis were placed in rearing cages and fed with Enzymatic Yeast Hydrolysate and sugar to evaluate the fecundity of female flies and the survival of both sexes. The developmental cycle length in diet 1 and diet 2 was 23.03 days and 23.24 days, respectively. Fecundity duration ranged from 57.75 ± 2.29 to 109.81 ± 3.81 days for females from diet 1 and diet 2, respectively. The pupal hatching rate varied significantly (P B. dorsalis, but the spawning index was 4 times higher with diet 1. Most of the components of diet 1 are available on the local market and are cheaper. Thus, we recommend the use of diet 1 for B. dorsalis larvae mass rearing.

关键词： Fruit Fly diachasmimorpha longicaudata Biology Food Substrates Mass Rearing

Efficient visual learning by bumble bees in virtual-reality conditions:Size does not matter

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1734-1748页

作者： Gregory Lafon Marco Paoli Benjamin HPaffhausen Gabriela de Brito Sanchez Mathieu Lihoreau Aurore Avarguès-Weber Martin Giurfa Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition animale Centre de Biologie Intégrative(CBI)University of ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouseFrance French Academy of Sciences for University Professors Institut Universitaire de France(IUF)ParisFrance

Recent developments allowed establishing virtual-reality (VR) setups to study multiple aspects of visual learning in honey bees under controlled experimental conditions. Here, we adopted a VR environment to investigate the visual learning in the buff-tailed bumble bee Bombus terrestris. Based on responses to appetitive and aversive reinforcements used for conditioning, we show that bumble bees had the proper appetitive motivation to engage in the VR experiments and that they learned efficiently elemental color discriminations. In doing so, they reduced the latency to make a choice, increased the proportion of direct paths toward the virtual stimuli and walked faster toward them. Performance in a short-term retention test showed that bumble bees chose and fixated longer on the correct stimulus in the absence of reinforcement. Body size and weight, although variable across individuals, did not affect cognitive performances and had a mild impact on motor performances. Overall, we show that bumble bees are suitable experimental subjects for experiments on visual learning under VR conditions, which opens important perspectives for invasive studies on the neural and molecular bases of such learning given the robustness of these insects and the accessibility of their brain.

关键词： Bombus terrestris bumble bees interindividual size/weight differences reinforcement responses visual learning virtual reality

Insect Pests Control of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) by Using Plant Aqueous Extracts in Korhogo Area (Northern Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa)

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Research in Ecology 2020年第2期2卷 1-7页

作者： Mouhamadou Kone drissa Coulibaly Yalamoussa Tuo Marie Charlene Ginette Able Unitéde Formation et de Recherche(UFR)des Sciences Biologiques Département de Biologie AnimaleUniversity of Peleforo Gon Coulibaly.BP 1328 KorhogoCôte d’Ivoire

In this study,we monitored for the impact of three aqueous extracts of plants(Azadirachta indica,Hyptis suaveolens and Solanum lycopersicum)on insect pests abundance in okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.)crop,compared to a synthetic chemical«SAUVEUR 62 EC»,having as active ingredients,acetamiprid 32g/l and Lambda-cyhalothrin 30g/*** applications by these extracts were done using manual *** treatment,the insects were caught using two methods(pitfall traps and colored bowls traps).A total of 6505 insects belonging to nine orders were recorded in four *** plot 1(9 orders)was the most diverse,followed by the plot 3(8 orders),the plot 2 and 4(7 orders respectively).Coleoptera,Lepidoptera,diptera,Orthoptera and Hemiptera were the most *** chemical treatment has impacted significantly the number of orders(pdance was impacted significantly by the different biological treatments(pdy showed that the aqueous extract of Solanum lycopercicum was more effective on the abundance of pests belonging to Hemiptera,while the aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica and Hyptis suaveolens were effectives on the abundance of pests belonging to *** chemical treatment was effective on the pests belonging to both orders.

关键词： Abelmoschus esculentus Azadirachta indica Hyptis suaveolens Solanum lycopersicum Chemical treatment Insect pests Korhogo