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design of Resilient Sensor Networks Balancing Resilience and Efficiency

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International Journal of disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 107-115页

作者： Sergey N.Vecherin Kiril d.Ratmanski Luke Hogewood Igor Linkov Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Engineering Research and Development CenterHanoverNH 03755USA Environmental Laboratory Engineering Research and Development CenterVicksburgMS 39180USA

In recent years,the notion of resilience has been developed and applied in many technical areas,becoming exceptionally pertinent to disaster risk *** a disaster situation,accurate sensing information is the key to efficient recovery *** general,resilience aims to minimize the impact of disruptions to systems through the fast recovery of critical functionality,but resilient design may require redundancy and could increase *** this article,we describe a method based on binary linear programming for sensor network design balancing efficiency with *** application of the developed framework is demonstrated for the case of interior building surveillance utilizing infrared sensors in both twoand three-dimensional *** method provides optimal sensor placement,taking into account critical functionality and a desired level of resilience and considering sensor type and *** problem formulation,resilience requirements,and application of the optimization algorithm are described in *** of sensor locations with and without resilience requirements shows that resilient configuration requires redundancy in number of sensors and their intelligent *** tasks are successfully solved by the described method,which can be applied to strengthen the resilience of sensor networks by *** proposed methodology is suitable for large-scale optimization problems with many sensors and extensive coverage areas.

关键词： Binary linear programming Optimal sensor placement Redundant networks Resilience and efciency Resilient sensor networks

New Nurse Perceptions of Preparedness: Elements of Academic-Practice Gap

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第7期14卷 298-320页

作者： Bonnie Crumley Aybar Manchester VA Medical Center Manchester NH USA

the education-practice gap, also known as the academic-practice gap is recognized as the difference between what a nursing student is taught and what the new nurse will experience in practice. this study evaluated specific education outcomes of schools of nursing in New Hampshire through surveys of new nurses and their employers. the responses were explored in relation to identified factors such as curriculum and clinical hours. the findings suggest that the new nurses felt prepared for practice, except in relationship to provision of care and medication administration for six or more patients. Of note is that 61% percent of participants were involved in errors and of these, 37.5% indicated that their education did not prepare them to administer medications to large groups. Evaluation of employer responses points to at least one and sometimes two levels of lower perception of perceived preparedness by the employer. the results highlight the differences between perceptions of preparedness of new nurse and employer, differences in perception of preparedness based on program type for specific gap elements, and the high rate of errors among new nurses. these results underscore the need for further research regarding the education practice gap, error factors, perceptions of preparedness for practice, and practice-readiness expectations of employers.

关键词： Nurse Education-Gap Education Program Preparedness Competency

two-photon emission from a superlattice-based superconducting light-emitting structure

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1331-1340页

作者： Shlomi Bouscher dmitry Panna Ronen Jacovi Fauzia Jabeen Christian Schneider Sven Höfling Alex Hayat department of Electrical Engineering TechnionHaifa 32000Israel. technische Physik Universität WürzburgAm HublandD-97074 WürzburgGermany. Institute of Physics Carl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgD-26111 OldenburgGermany

Superconductor-semiconductor hybrid devices can bridge the gap between solid-state-based and photonics-based quantum systems,enabling new hybrid computing schemes,offering increased scalability and *** example for a hybrid device is the superconducting light-emitting diode(SLEd).SLEds have been theoretically shown to emit polarization-entangled photon pairs by utilizing radiative recombination of Cooper ***,the twophoton nature of the emission has not been shown experimentally *** demonstrate two-photon emission in a GaAs/AlGaAs *** electroluminescence spectra reveal unique two-photon superconducting features below the critical temperature(tc),while temperature-dependent photon-pair correlation experiments(g(2)(τ,t))demonstrate temperature-dependent time coincidences below tc between photons emitted from the *** results pave the way for compact and efficient superconducting quantum light sources and open new directions in light-matter interaction studies.

关键词： photon quantum utilizing

What diameter?What height?Influence of measures of average tree size on area-based allometric volume relationships

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 100-109页

作者： Yilin Wang John A.Kershaw Mark J.ducey Yuan Sun James B.McCarter Integrated Forest Mensuration and Systems Analysis Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Environmental ManagementUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Scientific Programmer RayonierYuleeFLUSA

Volume is an important attribute used in many forest management *** from 83 fixed-area plots located in central New Brunswick,Canada,are used to examine how different measures of stand-level diameter and height influence volume prediction using a stand-level variant of Honer's(1967)volume *** density was included in the models(Volume=f(diameter,Height,density))choice of diameter measure was more important than choice of height *** density was not included(Volume=f(diameter,Height)),the opposite was *** models with density included,moment-based estimators of stand diameter and height performed better than all other *** models without density,largest tree estimators of stand diameter and height performed better than other *** overall best equation used quadratic mean diameter,Lorey's height,and density(root mean square error=5.26 m^3·ha^(-1);1.9%relative error).the best equation without density used mean diameter of the largest trees needed to calculate a stand density index of 400 and the mean height of the tallest 400 trees per ha(root mean square error=32.08 m^(3)·ha^(-1);11.8%relative error).the results of this study have some important implications for height subsampling and LidAR-derived forest inventory analyses.

关键词： Allometric relationships Stand structure Volume estimation Stand-level attributes

the Role of Impulsivity and Addiction in Gambling Behaviors: How Applied Neuroscience Research Can Help in the Monitoring and Management of Mental Health Issues

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2024年第1期13卷 11-24页

作者： Yingzhen Jia Kimberly Rose Clark College of Arts and Sciences Boston University Boston MA USA department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover NH USA

One in five Americans experience symptoms associated with at least one mental health disorder every year. these include behavioral addictions, which have long been overlooked despite their similar neural bases with substance addictions. Gambling addiction, a type of behavioral addiction, deserves particular attention given the significant negative effects, this addiction has on financial and interpersonal health. the purpose of this paper is to review the available literature concerning the behavioral and neural processes involved in gambling addiction, including: the anticipation of reward, the role of dopamine, and the neural substrates of the decision-making processes involved in gambling addiction. Market research has also identified solutions that integrate applied neuroscience and self-tracking systems to monitor and manage mental health issues associated with gambling addiction. the authors then propose a gambling treatment-focused mobile app solution that addresses outstanding issues with a special design aimed at reversing plasticity in order to relieve the effects of gambling addiction. .

关键词： Applied Neuroscience Gambling Addiction Mental Health Management

Flexible ultra-thin super-resolution endoscopy

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 171-172页

作者： George S.d.Gordon department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG7 2RDUK

In recent years, multimode fiber(MMF) has become an important tool for high-resolution endoscopic imaging in narrow channels(e.g., in the brain via needles or inside blood vessels) due to its high mode density and fine diameter, typically tacle to widespread deployment in applications is that realistic perturbations, including bending, twisting and changes in temperature, cause unacceptable image degradation.

关键词： fiber resolution typically

Spirotetramat reduces fitness of the spotted-wing drosophila,drosophila suzukii

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1222-1230页

作者： Jing Yang Justin Flaven-Pouchon Yiwen Wang Bernard Moussian Section of Animal Genetics Interfaculty Institute of Cell BiologyUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany School of Pharmaceutical Science and technology Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina INRAE CNRSUniversitéCôte d'AzurInstitut Sophia AgrobiotechSophia AntipolisFrance

With climate change,the spotted-wing drosophila(SWd,drosophila suzukii)invades a great number of fruit production regions worldwide.A plethora of insecticides are being applied for management of this *** expected,SWd develops resistance against some potent insecticides or is rather insensitive to some ***,there is an urgent need to identify and characterize alternative insecticides to control SWd ***,we have studied the effects of the orally applied inhibitor of the fatty acid synthesis pathway spirotetramat on SWd fitness with respect to fecundity and surface barrier function at different *** our experiments,we applied spirotetramat mixed with baker's yeast and showed that females and males were not repelled by effective concentrations of this *** found that spirotetramat,by trend,lowers egg numbers laid by fed *** eggs rapidly desiccate,and only a few larvae *** is lethal to larvae and reduces survival of adult flies under low-humidity *** together,based on our data,we propose to use yeast supplemented with spirotetramat and additional SWd-specific attractants in traps in non-crop areas in order to eradicate SWd populations before they infest crop production sites.

关键词： desiccation drosophila suzuki insecticide lipids

An approach for finding causal relations in environmental systems:with an application to understand drivers of a toxic algal bloom

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 108-119页

作者： Benny Selle Berliner Hochschule Für technik Fachbereich Geowissenschaften Universit?t Tübingen

Background discovering causality in environmental systems is challenging because frequently controlled experiments or numerical simulations are difficult. Algorithms to learn directed acyclic graphs from system data are powerful, but they often result in too many possible causal structures that cannot be properly *** An approach to this problem proposed here is to initially restrict the system to a target variable with its two major drivers. Subsequently, testable causal structures are obtained from rules to infer directed acyclic graphs and expert knowledge. the proposed approach, which is essentially based on correlation and regression, was applied to understand drivers of a toxic algal bloom in the Odra River in summer 2022. through this application, useful insight on the interplay between river flow and salt inputs that likely caused the algal bloom was *** the Odra River example demonstrated that carefully applied correlation and regression techniques together with expert knowledge can help to discover reliable casual structures in environmental systems.

关键词： Causal effect Causal model Causal diagram Mediation analysis directed acyclic graph Classification and regression trees

Experimental Study on Impingement Processes of Fuel Sprays on Biomimetic Structured Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 362-373页

作者： Yanling Chen Liang Guo Wanchen Sun Yuying Yan Rong Xuan Junfeng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China Faculty of Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK

to improve the controllability of the wall-wetting process after the fuel spray-wall impingement in internal combustion engines,the methods of laser etching,chemical etching and surface free energy modification are used to prepare biomimetic structured surfaces with different *** impingement processes of diesel and n-butanol sprays on the walls under different conditions are experimentally *** the surface oleophilicity increases,the spreading radius of wall-impinging sprays *** about 5 s after the fuel injections,the fuel spray droplets hit the walls for the first time,and the secondary breakup and rebound *** mixture concentrations of different fuels hitting the various walls reach the peak *** a higher surface temperature,the peak value of the mixture concentration is mainly related to the heat flux to the fuel droplets in different boiling regimes from the metal *** concentration of the air–fuel mixture in the near wall region increases with increasing surface oleophilicity,increasing wall temperature and decreasing ambient *** with diesel,n-butanol presents a higher air–fuel mixture concentration in the near wall region.

关键词： Spray-wall impingement Morphological development Air-fuel mixture concentration Surface wettability Wall temperature:Ambient pressure