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Brain activity following esophageal acid infusion using positron emission tomography

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5481-5489页

作者： Shigeyuki Kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Manabu Tashiro Tomoyuki Koike Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Shuichi Ohara Satoshi Watanabe Shin Fukudo Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Division of cyclotron Nuclear Medicine Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University Division of Behavioral Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate symptoms and brain activity following esophageal acid infusion. METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Hydrochloric acid (pH 1 and 2) and distilled water (pH 7) were randomly and repeatedly infused into the esophagus. The brain activity was evaluated by positron emission tomography. The severity of heartburn elicited by the infusion was rated on an auditory analog scale of ***: The severity of heartburn following each infusion showed a step-wise increase with increasing acidity of the perfusate. The heartburn scores were significantly higher in the second pH 1 infusion compared with the first infusion. Acid and distilled water infusion induced activation of various brain areas such as the anterior insula, temporal gyrus, and anterior/ posterior cingulate cortex. At pH 1 or 2, in particular, activation was observed in some emotion-related brain areas such as the more anterior part of the anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, or the temporal pole. Strong activation of the orbitofrontal cortex was found by subtraction analysis of the two second pH 1 infusions, with a significant increase of heartburn symptoms. CONCLUSION: Emotion-related brain areas were activated by esophageal acid stimulation. The orbitofrontal area might be involved in symptom processing, with esophageal sensitization induced by repeated acid stimulation.

关键词： Esophageal acid infusion Brain imaging Positron emission tomography

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Constraints on symmetry energy and n/p effective mass splitting with improved quantum molecular dynamics model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2013年第5期24卷 13-18页

作者： ZHANG Yingxun LI Zhuxia ZHAO Kai LIU Hang TSANG M B China Institute of Atomic Energy National Superconducting cyclotron Laboratory Michigan State University Texas Advanced Computing center University of TexasAustin

A new version of improved quantum molecular dynamics model that includes standard Skyrme interactions has been *** on the new code,four commonly used parameter sets,SLy4,SkI2,SkM*and Gs are adopted in the improved quantum molecular dynamics model and the isospin sensitive observables,namely isospin transport ratios,single and double ratios of the yields of neutrons and protons are *** isospin transport ratios are strongly sensitive to the slope of symmetry energy,and are not very sensitive to the nucleon effective mass *** the other hand,the high energy neutrons and protons yields ratios from reactions at different incident energies provide a good observable to the momentum dependence of nucleon effective mass *** comparing our calculations with the data,we find that the constrained L value(the slope of density dependence of symmetry energy) is about ~46 MeV when the Skyrme type interaction is considered in transport models,and the isospin diffusion data prefer to mn*>mp*,but it is not a strong constraint with deep χ2minimum.

关键词：量子分子动力学模型核子有效质量对称能 Skyrme相互作用分裂密度依赖性入射能量运输模型

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Effect of ion and electron beam irradiation on surface morphology and optical properties of PVA

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2015年第6期26卷 74-79页

作者： H.M.Eyssa M.Osman S.A.Kandil M.M.Abdelrahman Radiation Chemistry Department National Center for Radiation Research and Technology Atomic Energy Authority (second research reactor) cyclotron Project Nuclear Research Center Egypitation Atomic Energy Authority Accelerators & Ion Sources Dept. Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy Authority

Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) is a well-known friendly polymer for paper-making, textiles, and a variety of coatings, biomedical applications such as artificial pancreas, synthetic vitreous body, wound dressing, artificial skin,and cardiovascular device. In this paper, ion/electron beam is employed to get insight into the irradiation effect on surface morphology and optical properties of PVA polymer. UV-Vis spectra are recorded to investigate the effect of induced defects on the optical band gap and the formed carbon clusters size. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) is used to relate and investigate surface morphology and optical properties of the target polymer with different doses(15, 30 and 60 min). Also, PVA polymer is subjected to theoretical studies by using semi-empirical PM7 quantum chemical method.

关键词：电子束辐照光学性质表面形貌聚乙烯醇离子扫描电子显微镜乙烯醇聚合物紫外-可见光谱

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Disentangling multiple scattering with deep learning:application to strain mapping from electron diffraction patterns

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2419-2433页

作者： Joydeep Munshi Alexander Rakowski Benjamin H.Savitzky Steven E.Zeltmann Jim Ciston Matthew Henderson Shreyas Cholia Andrew M.Minor Maria K.Y.Chan Colin Ophus center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryArgonne DrWoodridge60517ILUSA National center for Electron Microscopy Molecular FoundryLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeley94720CAUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeley94720CAUSA Scientific Data Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeley94720CAUSA

A fast,robust pipeline for strain mapping of crystalline materials is important for many technological *** electron nanodiffraction allows us to calculate strain maps with high accuracy and spatial resolutions,but this technique is limited when the electron beam undergoes multiple ***-learning methods have the potential to invert these complex signals,but require a large number of training *** implement a Fourier space,complex-valued deep-neural network,FCU-Net,to invert highly nonlinear electron diffraction patterns into the corresponding quantitative structure factor ***-Net was trained using over 200,000 unique simulated dynamical diffraction patterns from different combinations of crystal structures,orientations,thicknesses,and microscope parameters,which are augmented with experimental *** evaluated FCU-Net against simulated and experimental datasets,where it substantially outperforms conventional analysis *** code,models,and training library are open-source and may be adapted to different diffraction measurement problems.

关键词： valued adapted crystalline

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Deformed Relativistic Hartree Theory in Coordinate Space and in Harmonic Oscillator Basis

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Chinese Physics Letters 2000年第10期17卷 717-719页

作者： ZHOU Shan-Gui MENG Jie Shuhei YAMAJI YANG Si-chun Department of Technical Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 Institute of Heavy Ion Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National Laboratory of Heavy Ion AcceleratorLanzhou 730000 cyclotron center RIKENHirosawa 2-1Wako-shiSaitama351-0198 Japan

The deformed relativistic Hartree theory(DRH)is solved both in coordinate space(DRH-c)and in harmonic oscillator basis(DRH-o).Results obtained from these two methods are compared in *** DRH-c and DRH-o calculations give similar total binding energies,deformation,level structures and radii for nitrogen iso topes,while their descriptions on the density distributions for drip-line nuclei are very *** large spatiai istributions of nucleon densities,which is crucial to understand a weakly bound system,can only be obtained by DRH-c *** implies that the DRH theory should be solved in coordinate space in order to describe uclei close to the drip line.

关键词： Hartree coordinate details

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An advanced partitioning process for key elements separation from high level liquid waste

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第9期55卷 1726-1731页

作者： WEI YueZhou WANG XinPeng LIU RuiQin WU Yan USUDA Shigekazu ARAI Tsuyoshi School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China cyclotron and Radioisotope center Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan Shibaura Institute of Technology Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan

To separate MA （Am, Cm） and some fission product elements （FPs） such as Tc, Pd, Cs and Sr from high level liquid waste （HLLW） systematically, we have been studying an advanced aqueous partitioning process, which uses selective adsorption as the separation method. For this process, we prepared several novel adsorbents which were immobilized in a porous sili- c^polymer composite support （SiO2-P）. Adsorption and separation behavior of various elements was studied experimentally in detail. Small scale separation tests using simulated HLLW solutions were carried out. Pd（II） was strongly adsorbed by the AR-01 anion exchanger and effectively eluted off by using thiourea. Successful separation of Pd（ll） from simulated HLLW was achieved. Te（VII） also exhibited strong adsorption on AR-01 and could be eluted off by using U（IV） as a reductive eluent. Am（Ⅲ） presented significantly high adsorbability and selectivity onto R-BTP/SiOz-P adsorbents over various FPs including Ln（Ⅲ）. The R-BTP adsorbents were fairly stable in 3 M HNO3, but instable against 7-irradiation-3M HNO3. An advanced par- titioning process consisting of three separation columns for the target elements separation from HLLW was proposed and the obtained experiment results indicated that the proposed process is essentially feasible.

关键词： HLLW minor actinides fission products separation novel adsorbents extraction chromatography ion exchange waste minimization valuable elements utilization

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BINARY TISSUE CLASSIFICATION STUDIES ON RESECTED HUMAN BREAST TISSUES USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGES

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2011年第1期4卷 59-66页

作者： M.BHATTACHARJEE P.C.ASHOK K.DIVAKAR RAO S.K.MAJUMDER Y.VERMA P.K.GUPTA Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division Raja Ramanna center for Advanced Technology Indore 452013 India the Variable Energy cyclotron Centre Kolkata(India) the School of Physics and Astronomy University of St.AndrewsSt.AndrewsScotland(UK)

We report the results of a comparative study of Fourier domain analysis(FDA)and texture analysis(TA)of optical coherence tomography(OCT)images of resected human breast tissues for binary classification between normalabnormal classes and benignmalignant *** the incorporation of Fisher linear discriminant analysis(FLDA)in TA for feature extraction,the TA-based algorithm provided improved diagnostic performance as compared to the FDAbased algorithm in discriminating OCT images corresponding to breast tissues with three different *** specificity and sensitivity values obtained for normalabnormal classification were both 100%,whereas they were 90% and 85%,respectively for benignmalignant classification.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography breast tissue texture analysis Fourier domain analysis classification

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Quantification of the impact of TOF and PSF on PET images using the noise-matching concept: clinical and phantom study

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第11期28卷 258-265页

作者： M. Shekari P. Ghafarian S. Ahangari M. R. Ay Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research center National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases(NRITLD) Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran Iran PET/CT and cyclotron center Masih Daneshvari HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

This study was to assess quantitatively the accuracy of ^(18)F-FDG PET/CT images reconstructed by TOF+PSF and TOF only, considering the noise-matching concept to minimize probable bias in evaluating algorithm performance caused by noise. PET images of similar noise level were considered. Measurements were made on an inhouse phantom with hot inserts of Φ10–37 mm, and oncological images of 14 patients were analyzed. The PET images were reconstructed using the OSEM, OSEM+TOF and OSEM+TOF+PSF algorithms. Optimal reconstruction parameters including iteration, subset, and FWHM of post-smoothing filter were chosen for both the phantom and patient data. In terms of quantitative accuracy, the recovery coefficient(RC) was calculated for the phantom PET images. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),lesion-to-background ratio(LBR), and SUV_(max)were evaluated from the phantom and clinical data. The smallest hot insert(Ф10 mm) with 2:1 activity concentration ratio could be detected in the PET image reconstructed using the TOF and TOF+PSF algorithms, but not the OSEM algorithm. The relative difference for SNR between the TOF+PSF and OSEM showed significantly higher values for smaller sizes, while SNR change was smaller for Ф22–37 mm inserts both 2:1 and 4:1 activity concentration ratio. In the clinical study, SNR gains were 1.6 ± 0.53 and 2.7 ± 0.74 for the TOF and TOF+PSF, while the relative difference of contrast was 17 ± 1.05 and 41.5 ± 1.85% for the TOF only and TOF+PSF, respectively. The impact of TOF+PSF is more significant than that of TOF reconstruction, in smaller inserts with low activity concentration ratio. In the clinical PET/CT images, the use of the TOF+PSF algorithm resulted in better SNR and contrast for lesions, and the highest SUV_(max)was also seen for images reconstructed with the TOF+PSF algorithm.

关键词： Time of flight (TOF) Point spread function(PSF) Lesion detectability PET Quantification Image reconstruction SUV

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Proton Spectroscopic Factors Deduced from Helium-3 Global Phenomenological and Microscopic Optical Model Potentials

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第9期31卷 36-39页

作者：李晓菁庞丹阳韩银录曾敏儿 RIKEN Nishina center Saitama 351-0198 Japan National Superconducting cyclotron Laboratory and Department o-f Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University Michigan 48824 USA School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 International Research center for Nuclei and-i3articles in the Cosmos Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413

Global phenomenological GDP08 and microscopic hefium-3 optical model potentials have been recently derived. We evaluate these two potential sets by comparing the elastic scattering data of 25 MeV 3He on 160, 180, 19F, 23Na, 24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg, 27A1, 28Si, 30Si, 31p, 32S, 34S, 35Cl, 3761, and 39K isotopes. Using the deuteron angular distributions calculated with the distorted wave Born approximation model, we extract the ground-state proton spectroscopic factors from （3He, d） reactions on the same set of nuclei. The extracted proton spectroscopic factors are compared with the large-basis shell-model calculations.

关键词： PROTONS -- Scattering RESEARCH ELASTIC scattering BORN approximation HELIUM NUCLEAR optical models GROUND state (Quantum mechanics)

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Tauopathy promotes spinal cord-dependent production of toxic amyloid-beta in transgenic monkeys

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第10期8卷 5023-5035页

作者： Zhuchi Tu Sen Yan Bofeng Han Cajuan Li Weien Liang Yingqi Lin Yongyan Ding Huiyi Wei Lu Wang Hao Xu Jianmeng Ye Bang Li Shihua Li Xiao-Jiang Li Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)GHM Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China center of cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Centerthe First Affliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China Guangdong Landau Biotechnology Co.Ltd Guangzhou 510555China

Tauopathy,characterized by the hyperphosphorylation and accumulation of the microtubule-associated protein tau,and the accumulation of Aβ oligomers,constitute the major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's ***,the relationship and causal roles of these two pathological changes in neurodegeneration remain to be defined,even though they occur together or independently in several neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive and movement impairment.

关键词： pathological constitute marks

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