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Viromes of Haemaphysalis longicornis reveal different viral abundance and diversity in free and engorged ticks

Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 194-204页

作者： Jian Xiao Xuan Yao Xuhua Guan Jinfeng Xiong Yaohui Fang Jingyuan Zhang You Zhang Abulimiti Moming Zhengyuan Su Jiayin Jin Yingying Ge Jun Wang Zhaojun Fan Shuang Tang Shu Shen Fei Deng Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wuhan430070China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory Wuhan430200China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases Urumqi830002China current address:Department of Medical Laboratory The Second Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou57000China

Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks,commonly found in East Asia,can transmit various pathogenic viruses,includingthe severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV)that has caused febrile diseases among humansin Hubei ***,understanding of the viromes of *** was limited,and the prevalence ofviruses among *** ticks in Hubei was not well *** study investigates the viromes of bothengorged(fed)and free(unfed)*** ticks across three mountainous regions in Hubei Province from 2019to ***-sequencing analysis identified viral sequences that were related to 39 reference viruses belonging tounclassified viruses and seven RNA viral families,namely Chuviridae,Nairoviridae,Orthomyxoviridae,Parvoviridae,Phenuiviridae,Rhabdoviridae,and *** abundance and diversity in these ticks were analysed,andphylogenetic characteristics of the Henan tick virus(HNTV),Dabieshan tick virus(DBSTV),Okutama tick virus(OKTV),and Jingmen tick virus(JMTV)were elucidated based on their full genomic *** demonstrated that DBSTV was the most common virus found in individual *** ticks(12.59%),followed by HNTV(0.35%),whereas JMTV and OKTV were not *** results improve our understanding of *** tick viromes in central China and highlight the role of tick feeding status and geographyin shaping the viral *** findings of new viral strains and their potential impact on public health raisethe need to strengthen surveillance efforts for comprehensively assessing their spillover potentials.

关键词： Ticks Virome Haemaphysalis longicornis Phylogenetic analysis Viral abundance and diversity

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NONLINEAR STABILITY OF TWO-MODE SHOCK PROFILES FOR A RATE-TYPEVISCOELASTIC SYSTEM WITH RELAXATION

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 1999年第4期20卷 479-488页

作者： HSIAO LING PAN RONGHUA(Institute of Mathematics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080, China)E-mail: hsiaol＠***（current address: SISSA, via Beirut n. 2-4, 34013, nieste, Italy) Institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 China current address: SISSA via Beirut n. 2-4 34013 Trieste Italy.

The authors study a 3 x 3 rate-type viscoelastic system, which is a relaxation approximation to a 2 x 2 quasi-linear hroerbolic system, including the well-known p-system. The nonlinear stability of two-mode shock wave... 详细信息

关键词： Nonlinear stability Two-mode shock profiles Relaxation approximation

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High affinity soluble ILT2 receptor:a potent inhibitor of CD8^(+)T cell activation

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Protein & Cell 2010年第12期1卷 1118-1127页

作者： Ruth K.Moysey Yi Li Samantha J.Paston Emma E.Baston Malkit S.Sami Brian J.Cameron Jessie Gavarret Penio Todorov Annelise Vuidepot Steven M.Dunn Nicholas J.Pumphrey Katherine J.Adams Fang Yuan Rebecca E.Dennis Deborah H.Sutton Andy D.Johnson Joanna E.Brewer Rebecca Ashfield Nikolai M.Lissin Bent K.Jakobsen Immunocore Limited 57c Milton ParkAbingdonOxonOX144RXUK current address:Oxford Nanopore Technologies UK current address:Geneva Merck Serono S.A. Switzerland current address:Adaptimmune Limited UK

Using directed mutagenesis and phage display on a soluble fragment of the human immunoglobulin superfamily receptor ILT2(synonyms:LIR1,MIR7,CD85j),we have selected a range of mutants with binding affinities enhanced by up to 168,000-fold towards the conserved region of major histocompatibility complex(MHC)class I *** in a dimeric form,either by chemical cross-linking with bivalent polyethylene glycol(PEG)derivatives or as a genetic fusion with human IgG Fc-fragment,the mutants exhibited a further increase in ligand-binding strength due to the avidity effect,with resident half-times(t1/2)on the surface of MHC I-positive cells of many *** novel compounds antagonized the interaction of CD8 co-receptor with MHC I in vitro without affecting the peptide-specific binding of T-cell receptors(TCRs).In both cytokine-release assays and cell-killing experiments the engineered receptors inhibited the activation of CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs)in the presence of their target cells,with subnanomolar potency and in a dose-dependent *** a selective inhibitor of CD8^(+)CTL responses,the engineered high affinity ILT2 receptor presents a new tool for studying the activation mechanism of different subsets of CTLs and could have potential for the development of novel autoimmunity therapies.

关键词： CD8^(+)T cells cellular activation autoimmunity cell surface molecules binding affinity phage display

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Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor： An Antagonist of Cell Death Triggered by Phytopathogens and Fumonisin B1 in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2008年第3期1卷 482-495页

作者： Jing Li Günter Brader E. Tapio Palva Viikki Biocenter Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Division of Genetics University of Helsinki POB 56 FIN-00014 Helsinki Finland current address: Sainsbury Laboratory John Innes Centre Colney Norwich NR4 7UH United Kingdom

Programmed cell death （PCD） is a central regulatory process in both plant development and in plant responses to pathogens. PCD requires a coordinate activation of pro-apoptotic factors such as proteases and suppressors inhibiting and modulating these processes. In plants, various caspase-like cysteine proteases as well as serine proteases have been implicated in PCD. Here, we show that a serine protease （Kunitz trypsin） inhibitor （KTI1） of Arabidopsis acts as a functional KTI when produced in bacteria and in planta. Expression of AtKTI1 is induced late in response to bacterial and fungal elicitors and to salicylic acid. RNAi silencing of the AtKTI1 gene results in enhanced lesion development after infiltration of leaf tissue with the PCD-eliciting fungal toxin fumonisin B1 （FB1） or the avirulent bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 carrying avrB （Pst avrB）. Overexpression of AtKTI1 results in reduced lesion development after Pst avrB and FB1 infiltration. Interestingly, RNAi silencing of AtKTI1 leads to enhanced resistance to the virulent pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp, carotovora SCC1, while overexpression of AtKTI1 leads to higher susceptibility towards this pathogen. Together, these data indicate that AtKTI1 is involved in modulating PCD in plant-pathogen interactions.

关键词： CASPASE-LIKE PROTEASES PATHOGEN ERWINIA-CAROTOVORA HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE SERINE-PROTEASE TRANSGENIC PLANTS GENE-EXPRESSION SOYBEAN KUNITZ

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Does foraging mode affect metabolic responses to feeding？ A study of pygopodid lizards

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current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 618-625页

作者： Michael WALL Michael B. THOMPSON Richard SHINE School of Biological Sciences A08 University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia current address: 4940 Anza St. #4 San Francisco CA 94121 USA

Foraging mode （ambush vs. active） profoundly affects many aspects of organismal biology, including metabolic rates and their relationship with food intake. Previous studies on snakes suggest that ambushers tend to have lower standard metabolic rates （SMR） and higher energetic costs of digestion and assimilation of prey （specific dynamic action, or SDA） than do active foragers. However, phylogenetic considerations may be at least partly responsible for such patterns, as foraging mode is strongly conserved evolutionarily and most SDA studies have focused on species from only two lineages of ambush foragers （pythonid and viperid snakes） and one lineage of active foragers （colubrid snakes）. We sought to deconfound the effects of phylogeny and foraging mode, investigating SMR and SDA in two closely related pygopodid lizards, the common scaly-foot Pygopus lepidopo- dus （active forager） and Burton＇s legless lizard Lialis burtonis （ambush forager）. Consistent with the pattern seen in snakes, L. burtonis exhibits a significantly lower SMR and a higher SDA than does P lepidopodus. The magnitude of SDA in L. burtonis is comparable to that of some pythons and vipers, providing yet more evidence for the remarkable convergence between this species and ambush-foraging snakes [current Zoology 59 （5）： 618-625, 2013].

关键词： Ecology Metabolic rates Reptile Specific dynamic action

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NAVIER-STOKES ANALYSIS OF A CIRCULATION CONTROL AIRFOIL

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1995年第2期11卷 137-143页

作者：刘晶昌孙茂吴礼义 current address is Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Acadamy of Sciences Beijing China 100080 Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing China 100083

The two-dimensional, compressible, mass-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are used to investigate hows about a typical circulation control airfoil. The governing equations are solved using the implicit approximate-factorization algorithm of Beam-Warming with a modified algebraic eddy viscosity model. Results are compared with experimental data, and excellent agreement is obtained. The effects of different jet momentum coefficients and angles of attack on the how are studied. The mechanism of genenating large lift by circulation control is discussed.

关键词： CIRCULATION CONTROL AIRFOIL NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

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CRACK DETECTION OF STRUCTURE FOR PLANE PROBLEM WITH SPATIAL WAVELETS

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1999年第1期15卷 39-51页

作者：王泉王大钧苏先樾 current address:Dept.Mechanical Engin. University of South CarolinaUSA Department of Mechanics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The structure damage detection with spatial wavelets was approached. First, a plane stress problem, a rectangular plate containing a short crack under a distributed loading on the edge, was investigated. The displacement response data along the parallel and perpendicular lines at different positions from the crack were analyzed with the Haar wavelet. The peak in the spatial variations of the wavelets indicates the direction of the crack. In addition, a transverse crack in a cantilever beam was also investigated in the same ways. For these problems, the different crack positions were also simulated to testify the effectiveness of the technique. All the above numerical simulations were processed by the finite element analysis code, ABACUS. The results show that the spatial wavelet is a powerful tool for damage detection, and this new technique sees wide application fields with broad prospects. (Edited author abstract) 14 Refs.

关键词： damage detection wavelet transform plane problem

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IL-17C is required for lethal inflammation during systemic fungal infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第4期13卷 474-483页

作者： Jinling Huang Shaoshuai Meng Shanjuan Hong Xin Lin Wei Jin Chen Dong Institute for Immunology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China current address: School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Within the interleukin-17 （IL-17） family of cytokines, IL-17A is known to be critical in the host defense against fungal infections; however, the function of the other IL-17 family members in anti-fungal immunity remains largely unknown. Here, we show that IL-17C expression was highly induced in kidney epithelial cells after fungal infection. Mice that lacked IL-17C exhibited increased survival and attenuated kidney tissue damage, although they had similar fungal loads. IL-17C deficiency resulted in decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression compared with wild-type control mice. Additionally, IL-17C directly acted on renal epithelial cells in vitro to promote pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Taken together, our data demonstrate that IL-17C is a critical factor that potentiates inflammatory responses and causes host injury during fungal infection.

关键词： fungal infection IL-17C kidney injury pro-inflammatory cytokine sepsis

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Extended finite element methods for optimal control problems governed by Poisson equation in non-convex domains

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Science China Mathematics 2021年第8期64卷 1917-1934页

作者： Tao Wang Chaochao Yang Xiaoping Xie School of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China current address:School of Science Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing 400054China

This paper analyzes two extended finite element methods(XFEMs)for linear quadratic optimal control problems governed by Poisson equation in non-convex *** follow the variational discretization concept to discretize the continuous problems,and apply an XFEM with a cut-off function and a classic XFEM with a fixed enrichment area to discretize the state and co-state *** error estimates are derived for the state,co-state and *** results confirm our theoretical results.

关键词： extended finite element method optimal control non-convex domain variational discretization concept

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Absence of interleukin-1 receptor 1 increases excitatory and inhibitory scaffolding protein expression and microglial activation in the adult mouse hippocampus

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第5期12卷 645-647页

作者： Una Avdic Deepti Chugh Harer Osman Katie Chapman Johanna Jackson Christine T Ekdahl Inflammation and Stem Cell Therapy Group Division of Clinical Neurophysiology Lund University Lund Sweden Lund Epilepsy Center Lund University Lund Sweden current address: Division of Neurology Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden current address: Lilly UK Windlesham Surrey UK

In the present study, we demonstrate that adult mice lacking interleukin- 1 receptor 1 （IL- 1R1） exhibit increased express- ion of both the excitatory scaffolding protein postsynaptic density-95 （PSD-95） and inhibitory scaffolding proteinge- phyrin, respectively, in the hippocampus. The morphology of hippocampal microglia is also altered towards a more activated phenotype. These results indicate an important role for IL-1 signaling in maintaining physiological conditions in both neurons and microglia.

关键词： increases excitatory inhibitory scaffolding

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