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QTL analysis of ear leaf traits in maize(Zea mays L.)under different planting densities

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The crop Journal 2017年第5期5卷 387-395页

作者： Hongwu Wang Qianjin Liang Kun Li Xiaojiao Hu Yujin Wu Hui Wang Zhifang Liu Changling Huang Institute of crop science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Modem maize varieties have become more productive than ever, owing largely to increased tolerance of high plant density. However, the genetics of ear leaf traits under different densities remains poorly understood. In this study, Zhongdan 909 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from a cross between Z58 and HD568 were genotyped for 3072 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), and phenotyped for leaf length(LL), leaf width(LW), and leaf angle(LA) of the uppermost ear leaf under three planting densities(52,500,67,500, and 82,500 plants ha-1, respectively). A genetic map was then constructed using1358 high-quality SNPs. The total length of the linkage map was 1985.2 cM and the average interval between adjacent markers 1.46 cM. With increasing density, LL and LW decreased from 63.68 to 63.02 cm and from 8.56 to 8.21 cm, respectively, while LA increased from19.42° to 19.66°. All three traits had high heritabilities, of 0.75, 0.78, and 0.84, *** inclusive composite interval mapping, 23, 25, and 17 quantitative trait loci(QTL) were detected for LL, LW, and LA, respectively. Of these, 35 were simultaneously detected under two or three plant densities, while 30 were detected under only one. Sixty-five individual QTL explained 2.41% to 16.53% of phenotypic variation, while eight accounted for >10%.These findings will help us understand the genetic basis of leaf traits in maize as well as the response of maize to increased plant density.

关键词： Maize Quantitative trait loci Leaf traits Density treatment

Effects of drought stress on root morphology and spatial distribution of soybean and adzuki bean

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第10期20卷 2639-2651页

作者： Hyen Chung CHUN Sanghun LEE Young Dae CHOI Dong Hyeok GONG Ki Youl JUNG crop Production Technology Research Division National Institute of Crop ScienceMiryang-si 50424Republic of Korea

Due to global climate change,Korea is facing severe droughts that affect the planting and early vegetative periods of upland *** and adzuki bean are important legume crops in Korea,so it is critical to understand their adaptations to water *** study investigated the changes in root morphological properties in soybean and adzuki bean and quantified the findings using fractal *** experiment was performed at the National Institute of crop science in Miryang,*** and adzuki beans were planted in test boxes and grown for 30 *** boxes were filled with bed soil with various soil moisture *** images were obtained and scanned every two days,and the root properties were characterized by root length,depth and surface area,number of roots,and fractal parameters(fractal dimension and lacunarity).Root depth,length and surface area and the number of roots increased in both crops as the soil moisture content *** fractal dimension and lacunarity values increased as the soil moisture content *** results indicated that the greater the soil moisture,the more heterogeneous the root *** analysis of the morphological properties and fractal parameters indicated that soybean and adzuki bean had different root structure *** soybean and adzuki bean were sensitive to the amount of soil moisture in the early vegetative *** required a soil moisture content greater than 70%of the field capacity to develop a full root structure,while adzuki bean required 100%of the field *** results would be useful in understanding the responses of soybean and adzuki bean to water stress and managing irrigation during cultivation.

关键词： soybean adzuki bean root morphology fractal dimension soil water content

Tillage and straw mulching impacts on grain yield and water use efficiency of spring maize in Northern Huang–Huai–Hai Valley

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The crop Journal 2015年第5期3卷 445-450页

作者： Zhiqiang Tao Congfeng Li Jingjing Li Zaisong Ding Jie Xu Xuefang Sun Peilu Zhou Ming Zhao Institute of crop science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Ministry of Agriculture

A two-year field experiment(2012–2013) was conducted to investigate the effects of two tillage methods and five maize straw mulching patterns on the yield, water consumption,and water use efficiency(WUE) of spring maize(Zea mays L.) in the northern Huang–Huai–Hai valley of China. Compared to rotary tillage, subsoil tillage resulted in decreases in water consumption by 6.3–7.8% and increases in maize yield by 644.5–673.9 kg ha-1, soil water content by 2.9–3.0%, and WUE by 12.7–15.2%. Chopped straw mulching led to higher yield,soil water content, and WUE as well as lower water consumption than prostrate whole straw mulching. Mulching with 50% chopped straw had the largest positive effects on maize yield, soil water content, and WUE among the five mulching treatments. Tillage had greater influence on maize yield than straw mulching, whereas straw mulching had greater influence on soil water content, water consumption, and WUE than tillage. These results suggest that 50% chopped straw mulching with subsoil tillage is beneficial in spring maize production aiming at high yield and high WUE in the Huang–Huai–Hai valley.

关键词： Northern Huang–Huai–Hai valley Spring maize croppi

Surface plasmon resonance sensor chips for the recognition of bovine serum albumin via electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第9期24卷 813-816页

作者： Yang Wang Tian-Xin Wei Key Laboratory of cluster science of Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology

In this paper, a surface plasmon resonance （SPR） sensor chip for detection of bovine serum album （BSA） was prepared by electropolymerization of 3-aminophenylboronic acid （3-APBA） based on molecularly imprinted polymer （MIP） technique. The surface morphology of MIP and non-imprinted （NIP） films were characterized by scanning electroscopy （SEM）. SEM images exhibited nanoscale cavities formed on the MIP films surface homogeneously due to the removal of BSA templates. The effects of pH, ion strength of rebinding BSA, the specific binding and selective recognition were studied for MIP films. Results indicated that the BSA-imprinted films exhibited a good adsorption of template protein （0.02-0.8 mg/mL） in 0.05 mol/L sodium phosphate buffer at pH 5.0 with the limit of detection （LOD） of 0.02 mg/mL.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance Molecularly imprinted polymer Bovine serum albumin3 -APBA

Detection of parathion methyl using a surface plasmon resonance sensor combined with molecularly imprinted films

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第6期26卷 797-800页

作者： Yuan Tan Israr Ahmad Tian-Xin Wei Key Laboratory of cluster science of Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Technology

An ultra-sensitive and highly selective parathion methyl （PM） detection method by surface plasmon resonance （SPR） combined with molecularly imprinted films （MIF） was developed. The PM-imprinted film was prepared by thermo initiated polymerization on the bare Au surface of an SPR sensor chip, Template PM molecules were quickly removed by an organic solution of acetonitrilelacetic acid （9：1, v/v）, causing a shift of 0.5° in SPR angle. In the concentrations range of 10^-13-10^-10 mol/L, the refractive index showed a gradual increase with higher concentrations of template PM and the changes of SPR angles were linear with the negative logarithm of PM concentrations. In the experiment, the minimum detectable concentration was 10^-13 mol/L. The selectivity of the thin PM-imprinted film against diuron, tetrachlorvinphose and fenitrothion was examined, but no observable binding was detected. The results in the experiment suggested that the MIF had the advantages of high sensitivity and selectivity.

关键词： PM detection Surface plasmon resonance Molecularly imprinted films

Comparisons of phaseolin type and α-amylase inhibitor in common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)in China

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The crop Journal 2016年第1期4卷 68-72页

作者： Yang Yao Yibo Hu Yingying Zhu Yue Gao Guixing Ren Institute of crop science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The objective of this study was to characterize the phaseolin type and a-amylase(αAI) level in common bean(Phaseolus vidgaris L.) accessions deposited in the Chinese National *** 40 accessions sampled were common varieties originating in Asia,North America,South America,Europe,and *** Inca(I-) phaseolin was observed in the *** four accessions contained Tendergreen(T-) phaseolin and the remaining36 contained Sanilac(S-) *** proteins extracted from nine accessions showed higher a-amylase inhibitory activity than the control(Phase 2,IC_(50) = 0.65 μg).These common bean accessions have potential use as nutraceutical ingredients.

关键词： Common bean Phaseolin α-Amylase inhibitor Phenolic acid

HapIII of TaSAP1-A1, a Positively Selected Haplotype in Wheat Breeding

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第7期13卷 1462-1468页

作者： CHANG Jian-zhong HAO Chen-yang CHANG Xiao-ping ZHANG Xue-yong JING Rui-lian National Key Facility for crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of crop science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Stress-associated protein （SAP） has functions in maintaining plant cell elongation, embryo development and response to abiotic stresses. TaSAP1-A1, one of the Triticum aestivum SAP1 （TaSAP1） members located on wheat chromosome 7A was isolated for polymorphism analysis. HaplII of TaSAP1-A1 was found significantly associated with thousand-grain weight （TGW） in multiple environments. In this study, HaplII also made a positive contribution to TGW in Population 2. The distribution of TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was tracked among varieties released in different years and geographical environments of China. The frequency of HapIII showed an increasing trend during the breeding process in two different populations. The ItapIII was gradually selected and applied from 6.36% in landraces to 13.50% in modem varieties. These results exhibited that TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was positively selected during wheat breeding, which is beneficial for grain-yield improvement. The preferred HapIIl was initially selected and applied in the higher latitude areas of China in accord with the long day season and longer grain filling stage in these areas. Moreover, the frequency of HaplII in recent modem varieties was still quite low （19.29-26.67%）. It indicated a high application potential of TaSAP1-A 1 HapIII for improving grain yield in wheat breeding.

关键词： wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) TaSAP1-A1 HapIII frequency distribution thousand-grain weight grain yield improvement

Development of Heat Tolerant Two-Line Hybrid Rice Restorer Line Carrying Dominant Locus of OsHTAS

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Rice science 2021年第1期28卷 99-108页

作者： Mehmood Jan Gulmeena Shah Huang Yuqing Liu Xuejiao Zheng Peng Du Hao Chen Hao Tu Jumin Zhejiang Key Laboratory of crop Germplasm Resources Institute of Crop ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina

In order to create novel germplasm resources for breeding heat tolerant variety,we transferred a dominant allele OsHTAS,previously characterized and cloned from a high-temperature tolerant local variety HT54,which was collected from the rice production area of southern China,into a high-temperature sensitive intermediate breeding line HT13 through six rounds of successive backcross by using marker-assisted *** molecular analysis showed that the recovery of genetic background of a resultant near isogenic line(NIL),MHT13,was around 99.8%.The OsHTAS gene introduced in the MHT13 expressed normally in the HT13 genetic background,mediating heat tolerance and phenotype similar to those of the donor parent *** major agronomic traits of MHT13 resembled those of the recurrent parent ***,MHT13 had high general combining ability and its rice quality reached the grade 3 standard of edible high-quality rice issued by Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China,which greatly improved its application value in rice production.

关键词： rice heat tolerance high temperature yield near isogenic line marker-assisted selection grain quality OsHAT gene

Molecular evolution and species-specific expansion of the NAP members in plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第8期57卷 673-687页

作者： Kai Fan Hao Shen Noreen Bibi Feng Li Shuna Yuan Ming Wang Xuede Wang Institute of crop science College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University

he NAP（NAC-Like, Activated by AP3/PI） subfamily is one of the important plant-specific transcription factors, and controls many vital biological processes in plants. In the current study, 197 NAP proteins were identified from 31 vascular plants,but no NAP members were found in eight non-vascular *** NAP proteins were phylogenetically classified into two groups（NAP I and NAP II）, and the origin time of the NAP I group might be relatively later than that of the NAP II ***, species-specific gene duplications, caused by segmental duplication events, resulted in the expansion of the NAP subfamily after species-divergence. Different groups have different expansion rates, and the NAP group preference was found during the expansion in plants. Moreover, the expansion of NAP proteins may be related to the gain and loss of ***, functional divergence was limited after the gene duplication. Abscisic acid（ABA） might play an important role in leaf senescence, which is regulated by NAP subfamily. These results could lay an important foundation for expansion and evolutionary analysis of NAP subfamily in plants.

关键词： Molecular evolution NAP subfamily plant kingdom species-specific expansion