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Arabidopsis immune-associated nucleotide-binding genes repress heat tolerance at the reproductive stage by inhibiting the unfolded protein response and promoting cell death

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Molecular Plant 2021年第2期14卷 267-284页

作者： Shan Lu Tianquan Zhu Zhixue Wang Lilin Luo Shuai Wang Minghui Lu Yongmei Cui Baohong Zou Jian Hua The State Key Laboratory of crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Plant Biology section School of Integrated Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA College of Horticulture Northwest A&F UniversityXianyangShaanxi 712100China

Plants are vulnerable to heat stress,especially during reproductive *** heat shock response(HSR)in the cytosol and nucleus,as well as the unfolded protein response(UPR)in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER),are two mechanisms that enable plants to survive heat *** heat or ER stresses lead to cell death when the UPR cannot repair stress damage,but the means by which cell survival or death is determined remains *** this study,we used a genome-wide association study(GWAS)to identify that a cluster of five Immune-associated nucleotide-binding protein(IAN)genes(IAN2 to IAN6)is responsible for variation in heat tolerance at the reproductive stage in Arabidopsis *** IAN genes have both unique and overlapping functions in the negative regulation of heat tolerance,and their loss of function singly or in combination confers increased heat tolerance,measured by a lower number of barren siliques and a higher seedling survival rate under *** loss of rice IAN1 gene function also leads to enhanced heat tolerance,suggesting a conserved function of plant *** analysis revealed enhanced expression of HSR and UPR genes,as well as reduced cell death,under heat and ER stress in the mutant of IAN6,a major effect member in ***,the IAN proteins were found to promote cell death induced by heat stress,ER stress,and cell death-inducing ***,the Arabidopsis IAN genes repress heat tolerance,probably through the HSR and UPR and by enhancing the cell death *** IAN2 to IAN6 proteins are partially localized to the ER,suggesting a direct role in the UPR and UPR-mediated cell *** addition,a natural IAN6 variant from more heat-tolerant Arabidopsis accessions confers greater heat tolerance and induces less cell death compared with the natural variant from less heat-tolerant *** heat-tolerant IAN6 variant is associated with a higher maximum temperature of the warmest month at its collection site

关键词： plant heat tolerance reproductive stage IAN cell death UPR HSR

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Biocontrol potential of reducing aflatoxin contamination by an atoxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus. isolated from peanut

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Oil crop Science 2016年第1期1卷 45-51页

作者： Liying YAN Yanping KANG Yong LEI Liyun WAN Dongxin HUAI Huifang JIANG Xiaoping REN Boshou LIAO Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics improvement of Oil crops Ministry of AgricultureOil Crop Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

An Aspergillus section/Zam isolate （ NAFFHB396） was isolated from a peanut kernel. It was identified as Aspergillus flavus based on morphology and molecular characteristics. It produced yellow to green - colored conidia on CYA medium and colonies with bright orange in color on AFPA medium. NAFFHB396 was grouped with A. flavus NRRL21882 and NRRL3357 by phylogenetic analysis of partial calmodulin sequence data. It was found that 12 genes were absent in aflatoxin gene cluster in NAFF- HB396. HPLC result further showed that it was an atoxigenic isolate. Co - inoculation of NAFFHB396 with a high aflatoxin producer AF2202 at the ratio of 1：1 both on CYA medium and peanut kernel resul-ted in reduction of aflatoxin production by 88.7% and 99. 8% respectively. These results suggested that the atoxigenic NAFFHB396 obtained in this study had a great potential to be a biocontrol agent to reduce aflatoxin contamination of peanut in China.

关键词： peanut aflatoxin atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus aflatoxin gene cluster biocontrol

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Effect of delayed sowing on grain number, grain weight, and protein concentration of wheat grains at specific positions within spikes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第8期22卷 2359-2369页

作者： CHU Jin-peng GUO Xin-hu ZHENG Fei-na ZHANG Xiu DAI Xing-long HE Ming-rong State Key Laboratory of crop Biology/Key Laboratory of crop Ecophysiology and Farming System Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Agronomy CollegeShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018P.R.China

Delays in sowing have significant effects on the grain yield,yield components,and grain protein concentrations of winter ***,little is known about how delayed sowing affects these characteristics at different positions in the wheat *** this study,the effects of sowing date were investigated in a winter wheat cultivar,Shannong 30,which was sown in 2019 and 2020 on October 8(normal sowing)and October 22(late sowing)under field *** sowing increased the partitioning of ^(13)C-assimilates to spikes,particularly to florets at the apical section of a spike and those occupying distal positions on the same ***,the increase in grain number was the greatest for the apical sections,followed by the basal and central *** significant differences were observed between sowing dates in the superior grain number in the basal and central sections,while the number in apical sections was significantly *** number of inferior grains in each section also increased substantially in response to delayed *** average grain weights in all sections remained unchanged under delayed sowing because there were parallel increases in grain number and ^(13)C-assimilate partitioning to grains at specific positions in the *** in grain number m^(–2) resulted in reduced grain protein concentrations as the limited nitrogen supply was diluted into more *** sowing caused the greatest reduction in grain protein concentration in the basal sections,followed by the central and apical *** significant differences in the reduction of the grain protein concentration were observed between the inferior and superior grains under delayed *** conclusion,a 2-week delay in sowing improved grain yield through increased grain number per spike,which originated principally from an increased grain number in the apical sections of spikes and in distal positions on the same ***,grain protein concentrations dec

关键词： wheat delay in sowing grain number grain weight grain protein concentration

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Mathematical Model for Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in the Cooling Shaft of Coke Dry Quenching Unit

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Journal of Thermal Science 2002年第1期11卷 65-73页

作者： Huafei Liu Xinxin Zhang Lie Xu Mingdeng Wang Department of Thermal Engineering University of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Anshan Hua Tai CDQ Engineering&Technology Co.Ltd. Anshan114002China Coking&Gas Making section Anshean Coking&Refractor y Engineering Consulting crop.Ansban 114002China

A mathematical model based on non-Darcian flow and two-phase model is developed for fluid flow and heat transfer in the cooling shaft of Coke Dry Quenching (CDQ) unit. The potential flow model is employed to simulate coke descending. Governing equations are solved by the SIMPLE algorithm on the collocated, non-orthogonal and body-fitted grids. The velocity of circulating gas and the temperature of coke and gas are obtained to study the effects of coke size distribution on flow and heat transfer behavior in the cooling shaft. It is found that the non-uniformity of gas velocity and the unevenness of coke temperature in the radial direction can be reduced if coke size distribution is improved. The gas velocity field and the temperature distribution of coke and gas are presented.

关键词： coke dry quenching(CDQ) porous media non-Darcian flow two-phase model non-orthogonal grid

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Compact plant type rice has higher lodging and N resistance under machine transplanting

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第1期20卷 65-77页

作者： DING Chao LUO Xi-kun WU Qiong LU Bo DING Yan-feng WANG Shao-hua LI Gang-hua Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern crop Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture/Key Laboratory of crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China

To identify the major factors that contribute to the difference in lodging among different rice varieties under machine transplanting and their responses to nitrogen(N),field experiments were conducted at Danyang County(a representative eco-site of the Lower Yangtze River)in Jiangsu Province,China in 2017 and 2018,22 hybrid indica varieties(HIs),22 inbred japonica varieties(IJs)and two indica japonica hybrid varieties(IJHs)were transplanted by machine with three N rates(N0,N150 and N300,0,150 and 300 kg ha–1,respectively).Lodging-related physical parameters,morphological characteristics and apparent transport rates of dry matter were *** difference in yield was observed among different types of rice,and followed by IJssection modulus(Z).The LI in the IJs or IJHs increased slightly with the increased N application,and there was no lodging incidence under the high N level,which was due to the low leaf angle and barely changed under high N;there was a significant interaction between varieties(HIs)and N rates in lodging rate and LI,varieties with lower leaf angle of upper three leaves were resistant to high *** results suggest that compact plant type rice has higher lodging and N resistance at machine-transplanting method.

关键词： machine transplanted rice lodging resistance nitrogen apparent export rate of dry matter

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crop phenotyping in a context of global change:What to measure and how to do it

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第2期64卷 592-618页

作者： Jose Luis Araus Shawn Carlisle Kefauver Omar Vergara-Díaz Adrian Gracia-Romero Fatima Zahra Rezzouk Joel Segarra Maria Luisa Buchaillot Melissa Chang-Espino Thomas Vatter Rut Sanchez-Bragado JoséArmando Fernandez-Gallego Maria Dolores Serret Jordi Bort Integrative crop Ecophysiology Group Plant Physiology SectionFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain AGROTECNIO Center LleidaSpain Plant Ecophysiology and Metabolism Lab ITQB NovaPlant Sciences DivisionOeirasPortugal Programa de Ingeniería Electrónica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de IbaguéIbaguéColombia

High-throughput crop phenotyping,particularly under field conditions,is nowadays perceived as a key factor limiting crop genetic *** not only facilitates conventional breeding,but it is necessary to fully exploit the capabilities of molecular breeding,and it can be exploited to predict breeding targets for the years ahead at the regional level through more advanced simulation models and decision support *** terms of phenotyping,it is necessary to determined which selection traits are relevant in each situation,and which phenotyping tools/methods are available to assess such *** sensing methodologies are currently the most popular approaches,even when lab-based analyses are still relevant in many *** top of that,data processing and automation,together with machine learning/deep learning are contributing to the wide range of applications for *** review addresses spectral and red-green-blue sensing as the most popular remote sensing approaches,alongside stable isotope composition as an example of a lab-based tool,and root phenotyping,which represents one of the frontiers for field ***,we consider the two most promising forms of aerial platforms(unmanned aerial vehicle and satellites)and some of the emerging data-processing *** review includes three Boxes that examine specific case studies.

关键词： crop phenotyping deep learning models photosynthesis platforms remote sensing roots satellites sensors stable isotopes

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Interplay between nitric oxide and sulfur assimilation in salt tolerance in plants

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The crop Journal 2016年第3期4卷 153-161页

作者： Mehar Fatma Asim Masood Tasir S.Per Faisal Rasheed Nafees A.Khan Plant Physiology section Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim University

Nitric oxide(NO),a versatile molecule,plays multiple roles in plant growth and development and is a key signaling molecule in plant response to abiotic *** management strategy is critical for abiotic stress alleviation in ***(S) is important under stress conditions,as its assimilatory products neutralize the imbalances in cells created by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).NO abates the harmful effects of ROS by enhancing antioxidant enzymes,stimulating S assimilation,and reacting with other target molecules,and regulates the expression of various stress-responsive genes under salt *** review focuses on the role of NO and S in responses of plants to salt stress,and describes the crosstalk between NO and S assimilation in salt *** regulation of NO and/or S assimilation using molecular biology tools may help crops to withstand salinity stress.

关键词： Abiotic stress Antioxidant system Glutathione Plant hormones Sulfur Signaling

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Revolutionize Genetic Studies and crop improvement with High-Throughput and Genome-Scale CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Technology

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Molecular Plant 2017年第9期10卷 1141-1143页

作者： Yang, Ning Wang, Rongchen Zhao, Yunde Huazhong Agr Univ Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement Wuhan 430070 Hubei Peoples R China Huazhong Agr Univ Natl Ctr Plant Gene Res Wuhan Wuhan 430070 Hubei Peoples R China Univ Calif San Diego Sect Cell & Dev Biol La Jolla CA 92093 USA

Forward genetic screens have been instrumental in deciphering the molecular mechanisms that control agriculturally important traits. Traditionally, crop mutant collections are generated by chemical mutagenesis such as ethyl methanesulfonate （EMS） treatment, physical irradiation, and insertional agents including T-DNAs and transposons （Wei et al., 2013; Li et al., 2016）.

关键词： Revolutionize Genetic Studies crop improvement High-Throughput

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Multipartite symbioses in fungus-growing termites (Blattodea: Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) for the degradation of lignocellulose

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Insect Science 2021年第6期28卷 1512-1529页

作者： Farhan Ahmad Gui-Ying Yang Shi-You Liang Qi-Huan Zhou Hassan Ahmed Gaal Jian-Chu Mo Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of crop Pathogens and Insect Pests Institute of Insect SciencesCollege of Agricultural and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Entomology section Central Cotton Research InstituteSakrandShaheed BenazirabadSindhPakistan Department of Entomology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal HusbandrySomali National UniversityMogadishuSomalia

Fungus-growing termites are among the most successful herbivorous animals and improve crop productivity and soil fertility.A range of symbiotic organisms can be found inside their ***,interactions of termites with these symbionts are poorly *** review provides detailed information on the role of multipartite symbioses(between termitophiles,termites,fungi,and bacteria)in fungus-growing termites for lignocellulose *** specific functions of each component in the symbiotic system are also *** on previous studies,we argue that the enzymatic contribution from the host,fungus,and bacteria greatly facilitates the decomposition of complex polysaccharide plant *** host-termitophile interaction protects the termite nest from natural enemies and maintains the stability of the microenvironment inside the colony.

关键词： bacteria enzyme activity lignocellulose degradation Macrotermitinae symbiosis Termitomyces

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Karyotype Stability and Unbiased Fractionation in the Paleo-Allotetraploid Cucurbita Genomes

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Molecular Plant 2017年第10期10卷 1293-1306页

作者： Honghe Sun Shan WU Guoyu Zhang Chen Jiao Shaogui Guo Yi Ren Jie Zhang Haiying Zhang Guoyi Gong Zhangcai Jia Fan Zhang Jiaxing Tian William J. Lucas Jeff J. Doyle Haizhen Li Zhangjun Fei Yong Xu National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement Beijing 100097 China Boyce Thompson Institute Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Department of Plant Biology College of Biological Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 USA section of Plant Breeding & Genetics School of Integrated Plant Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA USDA-ARS Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health Ithaca NY 14853 USA

The Cucurbita genus contains several economically important species in the Cucurbitaceae family. Here, we report high-quality genome sequences of C. maxima and C. moschata and provide evidence supporting an allotetraploidization event in Cucurbita. We are able to partition the genome into two homoeologous subgenomes based on different genetic distances to melon, cucumber, and watermelon in the Benincaseae tribe. We estimate that the two diploid progenitors successively diverged from Benincaseae around 31 and 26 million years ago （Mya）, respectively, and the allotetraploidization happened at some point between 26 Mya and 3 Mya, the estimated date when C. maxima and C. moschata diverged. The subgenomes have largely maintained the chromosome structures of their diploid progenitors. Such long-term karyotype stability after polyploidization has not been commonly observed in plant polyploids. The two subgenomes have retained similar numbers of genes, and neither subgenome is globally dominant in gene expression. Allele-specific expression analysis in the C. maxima ×C. moschata interspecific F1 hybrid and their two parents indicates the predominance of trans-regulatory effects underlying expression divergence of the parents, and detects transgressive gene expression changes in the hybrid correlated with heterosis in important agronomic traits. Our study provides insights into polyploid genome evolution and valuable resources for genetic improvement of cucurbit crops.

关键词： Cucurbita maxima Cucurbita moschata paleo-allotetraploid karyotype stability unbiased fractionation allele-specific expression

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