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Is analysis of lower esophageal sphincter vector volumes of value in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第1期9卷 174-178页

作者： Robert E.Marsh Christopher L.Perdue Ziad T.Awad Patrice Watson Mohamed Selima Richard E.Davis Charles J.Filipi Department of Surgery Creighton University School of MedicineOmaha Nebraska USA Department of Preventive Medicine Creighton University School of MedicineOmaha Nebraska USA

AIM:With successful surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),there is interest in understanding the anti-reflux barrier and its mechanisms of *** date, the potential use of vector volumes to predict the DeMeester score has not been adequately explored. METHODS:627 patients in the referral database received esophageal manometry and ambulatory 24-hour pH *** data included LES resting pressure(LESP), overall LES length(OL)and abdominal length(AL),total vector volume(TVV)and intrabdominal vector volume(IVV). RESULTS:In cases where LESP,TVV or IVV were all below normal,there was an 81.4%probability of a positive DeMeester *** cases where all three were normal, there was an 86.9%probability that the DeMeester score would be ***-operating characteristics(ROC) for LESP,TVV and IVV were nearly identical and indicated no useful cut-off *** regression demonstrated that LESP and IVV had the strongest association with a positive DeMeester score;however,the regression formula was only 76.1%accurate. CONCLUSION:While the indices based on TVV,IVV and LESP are more sensitive and specific,respectively,than any single measurement,the measurement of vector volumes does not add significantly to the diagnosis of GERD.

关键词： Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Child Child, Preschool Esophagogastric Junction Female Gastroesophageal Reflux Humans Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Male Manometry Middle Aged ROC Curve Regression Analysis

Neurotransmitter systems in mouse airways

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第10期31卷 1015-1016页

作者： Peter W ABEL Cameron M KIEFFER Ya-ping TU Department of Pharmacology Creighton University School of Medicine

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to characterize the neurotransmitter systems that cause constriction of murine *** Murine precision cut lung slices(PCLS)and trachea were prepared,placed into perfusion chambers equipped with platinum electrodes and stimulated transmurally(1.0 ms,50 V,0.1-30 Hz).To measure PCLS constriction,changes in airway luminal area in response to electric field stimulation(EFS)were captured as video images quantified using Image J *** trachea,changes in isometric tension were recorded using Grass force *** response curves were generated in the absence and the presence of the inhibitors magnesium,atropine and capsaicin and responses analyzed and compared using a student's t-test(P<0.05).RESULTS EFS caused airway constriction in a frequency-dependent manner that was best fit by a biphasic ***-specific stimulation was verified by Mg^(2+) *** airway constriction to 30 Hz EFS in PCLS was(51.8±3.0)%while tracheal constriction averaged(551±80)***,in PCLS the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine(10μmol·L^(-1))blocked(99.5±7.2)%of EFS induced constriction at 1 Hz,but only blocked(23.3±3.8)%of EFS induced constriction at 30 Hz and eliminated the first phase but not the second phase of the biphasic EFS *** with capsaicin to deplete sensory neurotransmitters significantly increased EFS constriction supporting the presence of sensory neurotransmitter systems in *** These data are consistent with parasympathetic constriction of airways by acetylcholine at lower EFS frequencies while higher frequencies release sensory dilator *** data provide evidence for multiple nerve types innervating airways which may provide novel targets for treatment of lung disease.

关键词： airways nerve stimulation airway constriction atropine capsaicin

Treatment trends of muscle invasive bladder cancer: Evidence from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, 1988 to 2013

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第1期10卷 9-18页

作者： Victor Chalfant Michael L.Blute Jr Peter Silberstein Urology at CHI Health creighton university Medical Center Omaha NEUSA Hematology Oncology at CHI Health creighton university Medical Center Omaha NEUSA

Objective:Guidelines for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)recommend that patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy with radical cystectomy as treatment over radical cystectomy *** trends and practice patterns of MIBC have been defined using the National Cancer Database,data using the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program have been poorly ***:Using the SEER database,we collected data of MIBC according to the American Joint Commission on *** considered differences in patient demographics and tumor charac-teristics based on three treatment groups:chemotherapy(both adjuvant and neoadjuvant)with radical cystectomy,radical cystectomy,and *** logistic regression was performed to compare likelihood *** trends were included for each treatment ***-Meier curves were performed to compare cause-specific sur-vival.A Cox proportional-hazards model was utilized to describe predictors of ***:Of 16728 patients,10468 patients received radical cystectomy alone,3236 received chemotherapy with radical cystectomy,and 3024 received *** who received chemoradiotherapy over radical cystectomy were older and more likely to be African American;stage III patients tended to be *** who received chemotherapy with radical cystectomy tended to be males;stage II patients were less likely to be Asian than *** III patients were less likely to receive chemoradiotherapy as a treatment op-tion than stage *** with radical cystectomy and chemoradiotherapy are both un-derutilized treatment options,though increasingly ***-Meier survival curves showed significant differences between stage II and III tumors at each interval.A Cox proportional-hazards model showed differences in gender,tumor stage,treatment modality,age,andmarital ***:Radical cystectomy alone is still the most commonly used treatment for muscle-invasive

关键词： Muscle-invasive bladdercancer Bladder-preservation therapy Chemoradiotherapy Transurethral resectionof bladder tumor Surveillance Epidemiology,and EndResultsProgram Patient demographics Practicetrends Kaplan-Meier survival curves

Apoptosis in inner ear sensory hair cells

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Journal of Otology 2017年第4期12卷 151-164页

作者： Seth Morrill David Z.Z. He creighton university 2500 California Plaza Omaha NE 68102 USA

Apoptosis, or controlled cell death, is a normal part of cellular lifespan. Cell death of cochlear hair cells causes deafness; an apoptotic process that is not well understood. Worldwide, 1.3 billion humans suffer some form of hearing loss, while 360 million suffer debilitating hearing loss as a direct result of the absence of these cochlear hair cells(Worldwide Hearing, 2014). Much is known about apoptosis in other systems and in other cell types thanks to studies done since the mid-20 th century. Here we review current literature on apoptosis in general, and causes of deafness and cochlear hair cells loss as a result of apoptosis. The family of B-cell lymphoma(Bcl) proteins are among the most studied and characterized. We will review current literature on the Bcl2 and Bcl6 protein interactions in relation to apoptosis and their possible roles in vulnerability and survival of cochlear hair cells.

关键词： Apoptosis Hair cell Bcl2 Bcl6

Algebraic Current-voltage and Voltage Dependent Resistance Expressions for Ballistic Nano Conductors and Their Low Voltage Nonlinearity

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Nano-Micro Letters 2013年第3期5卷 169-173页

作者： Serhan YAMACLI creighton Technologies Ltd. Nuh Naci Yazgan university Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering

In this study, an algebraic current-voltage(I-V) equation suitable for the hand-calculation of ballistic nano conductors is derived from Landauer's formulation. A voltage and temperature dependent resistance expression is also obtained. It is shown that the presented algebraic I-V expression and the original Landauer's formula give the same characteristics as expected. Moreover, the I-V characteristics of ballistic nano conductors are investigated and it is concluded that there is an inescapable nonlinearity originating from the curvature of Fermi-Dirac distribution function in low voltage range. Finally, the total harmonic distortion(THD) of a sample ballistic nano conductor caused from its low voltage nonlinearity is computed via HSPICE simulations.

关键词： Landauer’s formula Ballistic nano conductors Nonlinearity

Diabetes as a consequence of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第31期29卷 4736-4743页

作者： Ericka Charley Brett Dinner Kimberly Pham Neil Vyas Department of Gastroenterology Creighton University-St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center PhoenixAZ 85013United States Department of Internal Medicine Creighton University St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85013United States Department of Gastroenterology Creighton University St.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85013United States

Diabetes is a highly prevalent disease that was initially simplified into three major types:Type 1,type 2 and gestational *** the global rise in incidence of acute pancreatitis(AP),a lesser-known type of diabetes referred to as diabetes of the exocrine pancreas(DEP)is becoming more ***,there is a poor understanding of the inherent relationship between diabetes and *** is established data about certain diseases affecting the exocrine function of the pancreas which can lead to *** specifically,there are well established guidelines for diagnosis and management of DEP caused be chronic ***,the sequelae of AP leading to diabetes has limited recognition and *** purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the prevalence,epidemiology,pathophysiology and future research aims of APrelated *** addition,we propose a screening and diagnostic algorithm to aid clinicians in providing better care for their patients.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Type 3c diabetes Diabetes of the exocrine pancreas Sequelae of acute pancreatitis Screening and diagnostic algorithm

Sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke:clinical relevance and management strategies for the neurologist

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 258-266页

作者： Kevin C J Yuen Valerie Sharf Elizabeth Smith Minhwan Kim Alissya S M Yuen Paul R MacDonald Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA university of Arizona College of Medicine and creighton School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA Midwestern university GlendaleIllinoisUSA creighton university School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA university of California Davis DavisCaliforniaUSA

Sodium and water perturbations,manifesting as hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,are common in patients who had an acute stroke,and are associated with worse outcomes and increased *** non-stroke related causes of sodium and water perturbations in these patients include underlying comorbidities and concomitant ***,hospitalised patients who had an acute stroke may receive excessive intravenous hypotonic solutions,have poor fluid intake due to impaired neurocognition and consciousness,may develop sepsis or are administered drugs(eg,mannitol);factors that can further alter serum sodium *** and water perturbations can also be exacerbated by the development of endocrine consequences after an acute stroke,including secondary adrenal insufficiency,syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and diabetes ***,COVID-19 infection has been reported to increase the risk of development of sodium and water perturbations that may further worsen the outcomes of patients who had an acute *** there are currently no accepted consensus guidelines on the management of sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke,we conducted a systematic review of the literature published in English and in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and December 2020,according to PRISMA guidelines,to assess on the current knowledge and clinical practices of this *** this review,we discuss the signs and symptoms of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,the pathogenesis of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,their clinical relevance,and we provide our recommendations for effective treatment strategies for the neurologist in the management of sodium and water perturbations in commonly encountered aetiologies of patients who had an acute stroke.

关键词： patients impaired consequences

Role of betaine in liver disease-worth revisiting or has the die been cast?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第38期26卷 5745-5748页

作者： Sandeep Mukherjee Department of Medicine Creighton University Medical CenterDivision of GastroenterologyOmahaNE 68124United States

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is an important indication for liver transplantation in many Western countries due to the epidemic of obesity and insulin ***,no medication is approved for NASH and risk factor modification is often *** the last decade,several clinical trials on NASH have been conducted with several ongoing and the future looks *** betaine(trimethyl glycine)was evaluated for NASH,results were mixed in the clinical trials in large part due to the quality of the *** seems reasonable to re-evaluate betaine in clinical trials for NASH and alcoholic liver disease due to its low cost,tolerability and mechanism of action.

关键词： Betaine Obesity Insulin resistance Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Cirrhosis S-adenosyl homocysteine S-adenosyl methionine

No evidence demonstrating hepatotoxicity associated with hydroxycitric acid

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第32期15卷 4087-4089页

作者： Sidney J Stohs Harry G Preuss Sunny E Ohia Gilbert R Kaats Carl L Keen Lonnie D Williams George A Burdock School of Pharmacy and Health Professions Creighton University Medical Center4967 Stillwater TrailFriscoTX 75034United States

Although a number of cases of hepatotoxicity are associated with the use of Hydroxycut weight management products, it has been alleged that their effects are primarily due to the presence of hydroxycitric acid (HCA, as Super CitriMax) in the formulations. However, while these products contain up to 20 different ingredients, some do not contain HCA. Case studies reported to date have not considered in depth the literature on the numerous animal and human studies that have been conducted on the safety and effi cacy of HCA. No HCA-associated hepatotoxicity or treatment-related adverse effects have been reported in these studies, and thus it is premature to make the assumptions presented in the recent case studies regarding Hydroxycut. If it is established in well controlled studies that the use of these formulations with and/or without HCA can result in the occurrence or progression of hepatotoxicity, additional studies should be conducted to characterize the causative factor(s).

关键词： Hydroxycitric acid Super CitriMax Hydroxycitric acid-SX Garcinia cambogia Hydroxycut Liver failure Hepatotoxicity Safety and efficacy