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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 761-763页

作者： Mahyar Aghapour Surender Surender Dunja Bruder Infection Immunology Group Institute of Medical MicrobiologyInfection Control and PreventionHealth Campus ImmunologyInfectiology and InflammationOtto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany Immune Regulation Group Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany

Pyroptosis represents a host-protective mechanism that promotes clearance of pathogens by initiating the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection.In a study recently published in Nature,Deng et al.extensively outlined a hitherto unknown role of the group A Streptococcus(GAS)-derived cysteine protease streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B(SpeB)in gasodermin A(GSDMA)cleavage as the primary step in induction of pyroptosis.As clearly shown in GSDMA-deficient mice infected with SpeBproducing GAS,this cleavage event is key to preventing the systemic spread and fatal course of GAS following local skin infection[1].

关键词： protective infection local

Activation of human tonsil and skin mast cells by agonists of proteinase activated receptor-2

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005年第5期26卷 568-574页

作者： Shao-heng HE~2,Hua XIE,Yi-ling FUAllergy & inflammation Research Institute,Shantou University Medical College.Shantou 515031,China Allergy and inflammation Research Institute Shantou University Medical College Shantou 515031 China. shoahenghe@***

Aim:To investigate the effects of the agonists of proteinase activated receptor(PAR)-2,and histamine on degranulation of human mast cells.Methods:Humanmast cells were enzymatically dispersed from tonsil and skin tissues.The dis-persed cells were then cultured with various stimuli,and tryptase and histaminelevels in cell supernatants collected from challenge tubes were measured.Results:PAR-2 agonist peptide SLIGKV provoked a dose-dependent release of histaminefrom skin mast cells.It also induced tryptase release from tonsil mast cells.tc-LIGRLO appeared less potent than SLIGKV in induction of release of histamineand tryptase.Trypsin was able to induce a"bell"shape increase in tryptaserelease from tonsil mast cells.It was also able to induce a dose-dependent releaseof histamine from both tonsil and skin mast cells.The actions of trypsin on mastcells were inhibited by soy bean trypsin inhibitor(SBTI)or α1-antitrypsin(α1-AT).Time course study revealed that both stimulated tryptase or histamine releaseinitiated within 10 s and reached their peak release between 4 and 6 min.Pretreat-ment of cells with metabolic inhibitors or pertussis toxin reduced the ability ofmast cells to release tryptase or histamine.Conclusion:It was demonstrated thatthe in vitro tryptase release properties of human tonsil and skin mast cells sug-gested a novel type of mast cell heterogeneity.The activation of mast cells byPAR-2 agonists indicated a self-amplification mechanism of mast cell degranulation.

关键词： tryptase histamine mast cells proteinase activated receptor-2 anti-IgE tonsil skin

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: Magnetic resonance imaging features according to grade and stage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第2期23卷 275-285页

作者： Riccardo De Robertis Sara Cingarlini Paolo Tinazzi Martini Silvia Ortolani Giovanni Butturini Luca Landoni Paolo Regi Roberto Girelli Paola Capelli Stefano Gobbo Giampaolo Tortora Aldo Scarpa Paolo Pederzoli Mirko D'Onofrio Department of Radiology Casa di Cura Pederzoli course in inflammation Immunity and CancerUniversity of Verona Verona Comprehensive Cancer Network Department of Medical OncologyG.B.Rossi HospitalUniversity of Verona Department of Oncology Casa di Cura Pederzoli Department of Pancreatic Surgery Casa di Cura Pederzoli Department of Pathology Casa di Cura Pederzoli

AIM To describe magnetic resonance(MR) imaging features of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(Pan NENs) according to their grade and tumor-nodes-metastases stage by comparing them to histopathology and todetermine the accuracy of MR imaging features in predicting their biological behavior.METHODS This study was approved by our institutional review board; requirement for informed patient consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study. Preoperative MR examinations of 55 Pan NEN patients(29 men, 26 women; mean age of 57.6 years, range 21-83 years) performed between June 2013 and December 2015 were reviewed. Qualitative and quantitative features were compared between tumor grades and stages determined by histopathological analysis.RESULTS Ill defined margins were more common in G2-3 and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ PanN ENs than in G1 and low-stage tumors(P < 0.001); this feature had high specificity in the identification of G2-3 and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ tumors(90.3% and 96%, 95%CI: 73.1-97.5 and 77.7-99.8). The mean apparent diffusion coefficient value was significantly lower in G2-3 and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ lesions compared to well differentiated and low-stage tumors(1.09 × 10-3 mm2/s vs 1.45 × 10-3 mm2/s and 1.10 × 10-3 mm2/s vs 1.53 × 10-3 mm2/s, P = 0.003 and 0.001). Receiving operator characteristic analysis determined optimal cutoffs of 1.21 and 1.28 × 10-3 mm2/s for the identification of G2-3 and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ tumors, with sensitivity and specificity values of 70.8/80.7% and 64.5/64%(95%CI: 48.7-86.6/60-92.7 and 45.4-80.2/42.6-81.3).CONCLUSION MR features of PanN ENs vary according to their grade of differentiation and their stage at diagnosis and could predict the biological behavior of these tumors.

关键词：胰腺的 neuroendocrine 肿瘤世界健康组织分类 2010 散开加权的成像欧洲 Neuroendocrine 肿瘤社会阶段系统磁性的回声成像

In Vivo Observation of Allergic Dermatitis of the Genuine Pig by Optical Coherence Tomography

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Modern Research in inflammation 2022年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Masato Ohmi Yuki Yoshida Yoken Son Kohji Abe course of Allied Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Japan Shionogi & Co. Ltd. Toyonaka Japan

In order to understand pathogenic mechanism of allergic dermatitis, it is important to find morphological changes of the internal structure of the skin by non-invasive imaging. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is powerful tool for in vivo tomographic imaging of the internal microstructure in biological tissue. In this study, we prepared the animal model of genuine pig with allergic dermatitis developed by chemical administration to examining their skin inflammation by microscopic observations with OCT images captured continuously, aiming at tracking the morphological changes in the skin structure induced by the chronological inflammation. As a result, epidermis thickening became evident as the days passed since Day 7, and the capillary vessel expansion was confirmed since Day 14;the process of inflammation development was successfully observed.

关键词： OCT Allergic Dermatitis In Vivo Observation Thickening of Epidermis

The influence of sex steroid hormones on the response to trauma and burn injury

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第3期5卷 173-185页

作者： K Al-Tarrah N Moiemen JM Lord Institute of inflammation and Ageing Birmingham University Medical School B152TT Birmingham UK Scar Free Foundation Centre for Burns Research University Hospital Birmingham Foundation Trust B152WB Birmingham UK Scar Free Foundation Centre for Burns Research University Hospital Birmingham Foundation Trust B152WB Birmingham UK Institute of inflammation and Ageing Birmingham University Medical School B152TT Birmingham UK

Trauma and related sequelae result in disturbance of homeostatic mechanisms frequently leading to cellular dysfunction and ultimately organ and system failure. Regardless of the type and severity of injury, gender dimorphism in outcomes following trauma have been reported, with females having lower mortality than males, suggesting that sex steroid hormones (SSH) play an important role in the response of body systems to trauma. In addition, several clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated the effects of SSH on the clinical course and outcomes following injury. Animal studies have reported the ability of SSH to modulate immune, inflammatory, metabolic and organ responses following traumatic injury. This indicates that homeostatic mechanisms, via direct and indirect pathways, can be maintained by SSH at local and systemic levels and hence result in more favourable prognosis. Here, we discuss the role and mechanisms by which SSH modulates the response of the body to injury by maintaining various processes and organ functions. Such properties of sex hormones represent potential novel therapeutic strategies and further our understanding of current therapies used following injury such as oxandrolone in burn-injured patients.

关键词： Burn Trauma Sex hormones Sex steroid hormones Testosterone Estradiol Oestrogen

Chemokines: the past, the present and the future

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第4期15卷 295-298页

作者： Peng Tang Ji Ming Wang Department of Breast Surgery Southwest HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Cancer and inflammation Program Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute at FrederickFrederick 21702MDUSA

We are very excited to publish our article in the“Chemokine Special Issue”of Cellular and Molecular Immunology,which has received increasing attention in the field of immunology.A natural question emerging regarding this issue is,why chemokines?The answer may of course not be simple,but if we consider only the essential,a shortened answer should be because chemokines are among the first mobilizers of host responses in homeostasis and diseases associated with inflammation(Figure 1).

关键词： has Figure among

Routine laboratory parameters in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis by the time of operative pancreatic debridement:Food for thought

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第1期14卷 64-77页

作者： Yaroslav M Susak Kristina Opalchuk Olexandr Tkachenko Mariia Rudyk Larysa Skivka Department of Surgery with the course of Emergency and Vascular Surgery O.O.Bogomolet’s National Medical UniversityKyiv 01601Ukraine Department of Surgery Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Postgraduate EducationO.O.Bogomolet’s National Medical UniversityKyiv 01601Ukraine Department of Surgery N2 Kyiv City Clinical Emergency HospitalKyiv City Clinical Emergency HospitalKyiv 02000Ukraine Department of Microbiology and Immunology Educational and Scientific Center“Institute of Biology and Medicine”Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivKyiv 01033Ukraine

BACKGROUND Timing of invasive intervention such as operative pancreatic debridement(OPD)in patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis(ANP)is linked to the degree of encapsulation in necrotic collections and controlled inflammation.Additional markers of these processes might assist decision-making on the timing of surgical intervention.In our opinion,it is logical to search for such markers among routine laboratory parameters traditionally used in ANP patients,considering simplicity and cost-efficacy of routine laboratory methodologies.AIM To evaluate laboratory variables in ANP patients in the preoperative period for the purpose of their use in the timing of surgery.METHODS A retrospective analysis of routine laboratory parameters in 53 ANP patients undergoing OPD between 2017 and 2020 was performed.Dynamic changes of routine hematological and biochemical indices were examined in the preoperative period.Patients were divided into survivors and non-survivors.Survivors were divided into subgroups with short and long post-surgery length of stay(LOS)in hospital.Correlation analysis was used to evaluate association of laboratory variables with LOS.Logistic regression was used to assess risk factors for patient mortality.RESULTS Seven patients(15%)with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)and 46 patients(85%)with moderately SAP(MSAP)were included in the study.Median age of participants was 43.2 years;33(62.3%)were male.Pancreatitis etiology included biliary(15%),alcohol(80%),and idiopathic/other(5%).Median time from diagnosis to OPD was≥4 wk.Median postoperative LOS was at the average of 53 d.Mortality was 19%.Progressive increase of platelet count in preoperative period was associated with shortened LOS.Increased aspartate aminotransferase and direct bilirubin(DB)levels the day before the OPD along with weak progressive decrease of DB in preoperative period were reliable predictors for ANP patient mortality.CONCLUSION Multifactorial analysis of dynamic changes of routine laboratory variables can be useful for a person-tail

关键词： Acute necrotizing pancreatitis Operative pancreatic debridement timing Dynamic changes of laboratory variables Preoperative period Necrotic tissue encapsulation Hospital length of stay

Evaluation of functional, autonomic and inflammatory outcomes in children with asthma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第3期3卷 301-309页

作者： Evelim Leal de Freitas Dantas Gomes Dirceu Costa Rehabilitation Sciences Physical Therapy Course University Nove de Julho Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences University Nove de Julho

Asthma is common in childhood. This respiratory disease is characterized by persistent inflammation of the airways even when the child is not in thethroes of an attack. Chronic inflammation is caused by an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory mechanisms as well as autonomic dysfunction, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis and control of this condition. The impact of these physiopathological aspects leads to inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle, which exerts an influence on functional capacity and control of the disease. The main objective of non-pharmacological therapy is the clinical control of asthma and the minimization of airway obstruction and hyperinflation during an attack. These factors can be controlled with noninvasive ventilation. The aim or the present review was to describe important neural, inflammatory and functional mechanisms that affect children with asthma.

关键词： Asthma Child Continuous positive airway pressure Noninvasive ventilation Autonomic nervous system Functional capacity Inflammatory mechanisms Evaluation

Hepatobiliary surgeons meet immunologists: the case of colorectal liver metastases patients

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第4期8卷 370-377页

作者： Matteo Donadon Nina Cortese Federica Marchesi Matteo Cimino Alberto Mantovani Guido Torzilli Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly Department of Immunology and inflammation Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoMilanItaly Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanMilanItaly The William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK

The burgeoning field of cancer immunology demands a change in the paradigm of cancer patient management. The understanding of the course of a given malignant disease should also include the host immune system as one of the key factors in determining the patient's prognosis. Surgical and medical oncologists need to understand the basic and advanced applications of immunotherapies, which are rapidly evolving, and are nowadays an integral part of the armamentarium for the treatment of cancer patients. In the present work, we review the current knowledge concerning the immune landscape of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with liver metastases, as recently discovered.

关键词： Host immune system colorectal liver metastases (CLM) colorectal cancer liver metastases colorectal cancer (CRC) immune response immunotherapy

Topological Modelling of Deep Ulcerations in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2017年第11期5卷 2244-2261页

作者： Ian Morilla Mathieu Uzzan Dominique Cazals-Hatem Hatem Zaag Eric Ogier-Denis Gilles Wainrib Xavier Tréton Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité LAGA CNRS (UMR 7539) Laboratoire d’excellence Inflamex F-93430 Villetaneuse France INSERM UMRS1149 Team “Inflammation Intestinale” Research Centre of Inflammation Paris France Département d’Informatique Equipe DATA Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris France

Aims: Steadily the clinicians of our team in inflammatory bowel disease encounter ulcerative colitis patients that develop deep ulcers during their treatment. Currently, these practitioners are only equipped with their grade of expertise in inflammatory domains to decide what new therapy maybe use in such cases. Encouraged by the limited knowledge of this frequent pathology, we seek to determine the molecular conditions underlying the recurrent formation of deep ulcerations in certain group of patients. Method: The goal of this strategy is to expose differences between groups of patients based on similarities computed by random walk graph kernels and performing functional inference on those differences. Results: We apply the methodology to a cohort of eleven miRNA microarrays of ulcerative colitis patients. Our results showed how the group of ulcerative colitis patients with presence of deep ulcers is topologically more similar (0.35) than ulcerative colitis patients (0.18) to control. Such topological constraint drove functional inference to complete the information that clinicians need. Conclusions: Our analyses reveal highly interpretable in the guidance of practitioners to eventually correct initial therapies of ulcerative colitis patients that develop deep ulcers. The methodology can provide them with useful molecular hypotheses necessaries prior to make any decision on the newest course of the treatment.

关键词： Ulcerative Colitis Deep Ulcers Fast Random Walk Graph Kernels Conjugate Gradient Methods Spectral Graph Theory