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Knotting ligands to control metal coordination geometry

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 403-404页

作者： Fabien B.L.Cougnon Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience centre University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland

Zinc is a metal of particular importance for life[1].It is the most abundant transition metal in biological systems after iron and contributes both structural and catalytic roles to many cellular *** properties of Zn^(Ⅱ),unlike those of any other first-row transition metal ions,explain its biological *** to its filled d-shell orbitals,Zn^(Ⅱ) is redox-stable,has a ligand-field energy stabilization of zero and,consequently,no typical coordination number and *** metalloproteins exploit these features to carry a broad range of chemical reactions in mild *** metalloenzymes,unsaturated ZnII centres often act as redox-stable Lewis *** protein backbone provides a highly preorganized environment around the metal centre and accompanies the changes in coordination geometry occurring as substrate transformation proceeds,thereby modulating the metal reactivity.

关键词： coordination geometry centre

Acellular scaffold‑based approach for in situ genetic engineering of host T‑cells in solid tumor immunotherapy

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Military Medical Research 2025年第1期12卷 16-35页

作者： Hiren Y.Dandia Mamatha M.Pillai Deepak Sharma Meghna Suvarna Neha Dalal Ayush Madhok Arvind Ingle Shubhada V.Chiplunkar Sanjeev Galande Prakriti Tayalia Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayPowaiMumbai 400076India Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India centre of Excellence in Epigenetics Department of BiologyIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchPune 411008India Advanced centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer(ACTREC)Tata Memorial CentreKhargharMumbai 410210India

Background:Targeted T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of hematological ***,its application to solid tumors presents significant challenges due to the limited accessibility and *** delivery of tumor-specific T-cells using biomaterials has shown promise,however,procedures required for genetic modification and generation of a sufficient number of tumor-specific T-cells ex vivo remain major obstacles due to cost and time ***:Polyethylene glycol(PEG)-based three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds were developed and conjugated with positively charged poly-L-lysine(PLL)using carbamide chemistry for efficient loading of lentiviruses(LVs)carrying tumor antigen-specific T-cell receptors(TCRs).The physical and biological properties of the scaffold were extensively ***,the scaffold loaded with OVA-TCR LVs was implanted in B16F10 cells expressing ovalbumin(B16-OVA)tumor model to evaluate the anti-tumor response and the presence of transduced ***:Our findings demonstrate that the scaffolds do not induce any systemic inflammation upon subcutaneous implantation and effectively recruit T-cells to the *** B16-OVA melanoma tumor-bearing mice,the scaffolds efficiently transduce host T-cells with OVA-specific *** genetically modified T-cells exhibit homing capability towards the tumor and secondary lymphoid organs,resulting in a significant reduction of tumor size and systemic increase in anti-tumor *** cell profiling revealed a significantly high percentage of transduced T-cells and a notable reduction in suppressor immune cells within the tumors of mice implanted with these ***:Our scaffold-based T-cell therapy presents an innovative in situ localized approach for programming T-cells to target solid *** approach offers a viable alternative to in vitro manipulation of T-cells,circumventing the need for large-scale in vitro generat

关键词： Polyethylene glycol diacrylate Poly-L-lysine Lentiviruses T-cell therapy B16F10-OVA melanoma

Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly G.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang Liu Yu-Chi Liu Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

An integrated approach for GLOF hazard,vulnerability and risk assessment in the Karakoram Mountain Range of northern Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 142-155页

作者： Sajid ULLAH Muhammad SHAFIQUE Ghazanfar Ali KHATTAK Attaullah SHAH Yaseen ULLAH National centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25000Pakistan GIS and Space Application in Geosciences National Centre of GIS and Space Applications(NCGSA)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Karakoram International University Gilgit 15100Pakistan

Climate change and rising temperatures are accelerating the rate of deglaciation in the Hindu Kush Karakoram Himalaya(HKH)ranges,leading to the formation of new glacial lakes and the expansion of existing *** lakes are often vulnerable to failure,posing a significant threat to downstream communities and ***,a comprehensive assessment of Glacier-Lake Outburst Flood(GLOF)hazards and risk assessment is crucial to evaluate flood runout characteristics and identify settlements and infrastructure that are exposed and vulnerable to floods,aiding in the development and implementation of risk reduction *** study aims to simulate a GLOF event induced by the Shisper glacier lake in northern Pakistan,using the HEC-RAS,and to assess its impact on settlements,infrastructure,and agricultural *** the hydrometeorological analysis of the GLOF event,topographic data from unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),stream profiles,discharge data,Manning's roughness coefficient(n),and land use/land cover(LULC)were analyzed using HEC-RAS and geographic information system(GIS).During the GLOF event on May 7,2022,a maximum water depth of 6.3 m and a maximum velocity of 9.5 m/s were *** on the runout characteristics of this event,vulnerability and risk assessments have been *** physical,social,and environmental vulnerabilities of the at-risk elements were evaluated using the analytical hierarchy process(AHP)and integrated with the hazard data to develop a risk *** study identified the areas,infrastructure and settlements susceptible to GLOF hazard to support the development and implementation of targeted and evidence-based mitigation and adaptation strategies.

关键词： GLOF Hazard assessment Glacial lake HEC-RAS Vulnerability and risk Shisper glacier

A Greener Future: Carbon Nanomaterials from Lignocellulose

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2025年第1期13卷 21-47页

作者： Hebat-Allah S.Tohamy Mohamed El-Sakhawy Samir Kamel Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt

Lignocellulosic materials(LCMs),abundant biomass residues,pose signiﬁcant environmental challenges when improperly disposed ***,such as sugarcane bagasse,rice straw,saw dust and agricultural residues,are abun-dant but often burned,contributing to air pollution and greenhouse gas *** review explores the potential of transforming these materials into high-value carbon nanomaterials(CNMs).We explore the potential of transforming these materials into high-value *** employing techniques like carbonization and activa-tion,LCMs can be converted into various CNMs,including carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphene(G),graphene oxide(GO),carbon quantum dots(CQDs),nanodiamonds(NDs),fullerenes(F),carbon nanoﬁbers(CNFs),and *** different carbon allotropes further enhances their *** derived from cellulose,lignin,and hemicellulose exhibit promising applications in diverseﬁ*** instance,CNTs can be used in energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors due to their exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical ***,CNTs can be incorporated into recycled paper as aﬁre retardant additive,enhancing itsﬂame resistance.G,renowned for its high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity,ﬁnds applications in electronics,sensors,catalysis,and water treatment,where it can be used to adsorb heavy metal ***,owing to their unique optical properties,are used in bioimaging,drug delivery,and optoelectronic *** harnessing the potential of LCMs,we can not only mitigate environmental concerns but also contri-bute to a sustainable *** research is essential to optimize synthesis methods,explore novel applica-tions,and unlock the full potential of these versatile materials.

关键词： Lignocellulosic materials carbon-based nanomaterials carbon allotropes

Disentangling the contributing components of stream water by using environmental tracers

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 260-277页

作者： Abul Amir KHAN Naresh Chandra PANT Amity centre for Air Pollution Control(ACAPC)&Amity centre for Ocean Atmospheric Science and Technology(ACOAST) Amity University Haryana(AUH)Gurugram-122413India Department of Geology University of DelhiNorth CampusDelhi-11007India

Identifying the various components contributing to river discharge can be *** study relies on stable isotopes and electrical conductivity(EC)of water as tracers to distinguish the different components contributing to total river ***,we have made an effort to comprehend the processes that may influence glacier ice melt as well as the limits of oxygen-based hydrograph *** distinct geographic domains in terms of climates and topographies were *** first study site represents the upper Ganga catchment(central Himalaya),while the second site is located in the Chandra sub-basin in western *** in estimating the proportion of glacier melt in isotope mixing model are likely if end-member isotopic compositions,are not well defined,particularly for *** separation results indicate that snowmelt is the largest contributor to total river flow in both *** contribution of snowmelt to the total runoff of the upper Ganga ranged from~60%to 70%.The estimated contributions of glacier melt varied from 36%to 63%in upper Ganga headwater to 6%to 15%at Devprayag and~8%at *** the Hamtah River,glacier and snowmelt contributions,quantified using a two-component mixing model,ranged from 10%to 14%during the pre-and postmonsoon seasons of *** significant spatial and temporal variability,coupled with overlapping isotopic signatures,suggests complex glacio-fluvial interactions in these *** slow-moving air masses with whirling motion closer to the study area irrespective of the direction,and air parcels coming through Bay of Bengal branch are characterized by depleted isotopic rainfall compared to air masses originating from the Arabian Sea.

关键词： Snowmelt Glacier melt Oxygen isotopes Bhagirathi River Alaknanda River Hamtah

Bridging the gap:The role of technological advances in shaping gastrointestinal oncological outcomes

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第3期17卷 29-37页

作者： Nuno J G Rama Inês Sousa Division of Colorectal Surgical Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-021Portugal Department of Surgical Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-021Portugal

Gastrointestinal(GI)cancers are highly prevalent and considered a major global health *** approach has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past years due to the development of new technologies that enabled better outcomes regarding their diagnosis and *** include artificial intelligence,robotics,next-generation sequencing and personalized ***,the integration of these advances into everyday clinical practice remains complex and challenging as we are still trying to figure out if these innovations tangibly improve oncological outcomes or if the current state of art should remain as the gold standard for the treatment of these ***,there are also some issues regarding ethical subjects,data privacy,finances and *** surgery concept has evolved considerably over the past decades,especially for oncological *** aims to customize medical treatments and to operate on those patients who most likely will benefit from a specific surgical *** the future,to improve GI oncological outcomes,a delicate balance between technological advances adoption and evidence-based care should be *** we move forward,the question will be to harness the power of innovation while keeping up the highest standards of patient care.

关键词： Technology Innovation Gastrointestinal oncology Outcomes Artificial intelligence Precision surgery

Is dark energy necessary for the sustainability of traversable wormholes?

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Chinese Physics C 2025年第1期49卷 290-304页

作者： Ayan Banerjee Sudan Hansraj Anirudh Pradhan Abdelghani Errehymy Astrophysics Research centre School of MathematicsStatistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa Atrophysics Research centre School of MathematicsStatistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa centre for Cosmology Astrophysics and Space ScienceGLA UniversityMathura-281406Uttar PradeshIndia

Dark energy is typically the principal component needed for the traversability of wormholes(WH),as it provides the negative gravity effect required to keep the throat ***,can this be achieved without dark energy?It turns out that if we couple the trace of energy-momentum with the standard Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian and utilize a specific equation of state(EoS),dark energy may be *** Casimir stress energy is known to result in the violation of the null energy condition(NEC)on the energy momentum *** phenomenon makes such an EoS an ideal candidate for generating traversable WH *** laboratory proven phenomenon provides a natural mechanism to sustain an open WH throat without relying on dark ***,we generate two classes of WH solutions using this in energy-momentum trace-coupling *** the specific choice of the Casimir EoS relating the energy-momentum tensor components[Kar and Sahdev:***.D 52,2030(1995)]and different choices of redshift functions,we determine the WH geometry *** obtained WH solutions violate the NECs,and all qualitative constraints demanded for physically realizable WHs are *** is demonstrated via graphical plots for a suitably chosen range of coupling parameter ***,our study investigates the repulsive effect of gravity,revealing that its presence leads to a negative deflection angle for photons traveling along null ***,we observe a consistent pattern of negative values for the deflection angle across all values of in the three scenarios considered,thus indicating the clear manifestation of the repulsive gravity *** of this is possible without invoking the existence of dark energy.

关键词： wormholes traversability casimir f(R,T)gravity deflection angle