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Effects of drip and flood irrigation on carbon dioxide exchange and crop growth in the maize ecosystem in the Hetao Irrigation District,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第2期16卷 282-297页

作者： LI Chaoqun HAN Wenting PENG Manman College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Heze UniversityHeze 274015China College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China institute of Soil and Water conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Drip irrigation and flood irrigation are major irrigation methods for maize crops in the Hetao Irrigation District,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,*** research delves into the effects of these irrigation methods on carbon dioxide(CO_(2))exchange and crop growth in this *** experimental site was divided into drip and flood irrigation *** irrigation schedules of this study aligned with the local commonly used irrigation *** employed a developed chamber system to measure the diurnal CO_(2)exchange of maize plants during various growth stages under both drip and flood irrigation *** May to September in 2020 and 2021,two sets of repeated experiments were *** each experiment,a total of nine measurements of CO_(2)exchange were performed to obtain carbon exchange data at different growth stages of maize *** each CO_(2)exchange measurement event,CO_(2)flux data were collected every two hours over a day-long period to capture the diurnal variations in CO_(2)*** each CO_(2)exchange measurement event,the biological parameters(aboveground biomass and crop growth rate)of maize and environmental parameters(including air humidity,air temperature,precipitation,soil water content,and photosynthetically active radiation)were *** results indicated a V-shaped trend in net ecosystem CO_(2)exchange in daytime,reducing slowly at night,while the net assimilation rate(net primary productivity)exhibited a contrasting ***,compared with flood irrigation,drip irrigation demonstrated significantly higher average daily soil CO_(2)emission and greater average daily CO_(2)absorption by maize ***,within the maize ecosystem,drip irrigation appeared more conducive to absorbing atmospheric CO_(2).Furthermore,drip irrigation demonstrated a faster crop growth rate and increased aboveground biomass compared with flood irrigation.A strong linear relationship existed between leaf area index and light utiliza

关键词： carbon dioxide exchange maize growth drip irrigation harvest index net primary productivity Hetao Irrigation District

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Molecular engineering towards dual surface local polarization sites on poly(heptazine imide)framework for boosting H_(2)O_(2) photo-production

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 396-400页

作者： Zhenchun Yang Bixiao Guo Zhenyu Hu Kun Wang Jiahao Cui Lina Li Chun Hu Yubao Zhao Key Laboratory for Water Quality and conservation of the Pearl River Delta Ministry of EducationInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater BayGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

The selective 2e^(−)ORR reaction on polymeric carbon nitride framework is one of the most promising approaches for solar-driven hydrogen peroxide ***(heptazine imide)(PHI)as a class of K+-incorporated crystalline carbon nitride framework,is highly active for photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)*** upgrade on the H_(2)O_(2)photoproduction performance of PHI is realized and the mechanistic insights are revealed in this *** photochemical reaction,the electron withdrawing groups of hydroxyl group and cyano group are grafted on the surface of PHI *** dual polarization sites on the sur-face contribute significantly to the enhancement of the exciton *** optimized PHI with dual polarization sites exhibits a remarkable photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production performance,which is 2times of the active pristine *** importantly,the photochemical reaction method is generally applicable to improve the exciton dissociation of a wide range of polymeric carbon nitride frameworks with vari-ous structure and compositions;and the thiourea-derived polymeric carbon nitride framework with dual surface polarization sites exhibits a remarkable photocatalytic performance with a high H_(2)O_(2)production rate of 40.5 mmol h^(−1)g^(−1).

关键词： Photocatalysis Hydrogen peroxide production Carbon nitride framework Surface functionalization ORR

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Osteology of Leptobrachella bijie(Anura,Megophryidae)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 90-103页

作者： Wei LI Meihua ZHANG Zhonghao LUO Jing LIU Tuo SHEN Bo CHEN Haijun SU Bin WANG College of Forestry Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina Chengdu institute of biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina

The Asian leaf litter toad genus Leptobrachella contains more than 100 species widely distributed in southwestern ***,the systematic profiles of this group remain *** morphology is important for taxonomic and phylogenetic ***,few studies have focused on the osteology of the ***,we comprehensively described the osteological features of a representative species *** based on micro-CT scanning and double-staining *** results show that the skull of adult *** is well-ossified,exhibiting sexual dimorphism and minimal intraspecific *** skull length is slightly greater than the width,with the maxilla slightly overlapping with the *** nasal connects with the sphenethmoid in males,but only part or not connects with the sphenethmoid in *** transverse processes of the sacrum are robust and symmetrically butterfly-shaped,and the presacral vertebrae are *** pectoral girdle is *** phalangeal formula is 2-2-3-3 for the hand,and 2-2-3-4-3 for the *** study provides the first detailed and comprehensive osteological accounts of the genus Leptobrachella.

关键词： sexual dimorphism skeleton taxonomy

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Sex-specific facilitation and reproduction of the gynodioecious cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides on the Himalaya-Hengduan mountains,SW China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 247-255页

作者： Xufang Chen Yazhou Zhang Lishen Qian Renyu Zhou Hang Sun Jianguo Chen State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland conservation Restoration and Ecological ServicesSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnanChina

When benefiting other beneficiaries,cushion plants may reciprocally receive feedback *** feedback effects on different sex morphs,however,remains *** this study,taking the gynodioecious Arenaria polytrichiodes as a model species,we aimed to assess the sex-specific facilitation intensity of cushion plant by measuring the beneficiary cover ratio,and to assess the potential costs in cushion reproductive functions by measuring the flower and fruit cover *** total beneficiary cover ratio was similar between females and *** produced much less flowers but more fruits than *** results suggested that females and hermaphrodites possess similar facilitation intensity,and female cushion *** may allocate more resources saved from pollen production to seed production,while hermaphrodites possibly allocate more resources to pollen production hence reducing seed *** surface areas covered by beneficiaries produced less flowers and fruits than areas without *** addition,strong negative correlations between beneficiary cover and flower cover were detected for both females and hermaphrodites,but the correlation strength were similar for these two sex ***,the correlation between beneficiary cover and fruit cover was only significantly negative for females,suggesting that beneficiary plants negatively affect fruit reproduction of females while have neutral effects on *** the results suggest that to facilitate other beneficiaries can induce reproductive costs on cushion ***,with females possibly suffering greater cost than *** differentiation in reproductive costs between sex morphs,in long-term perspective,may imply sex imbalance in population dynamics.

关键词： Facilitation intensity Feedback effect Sex-specific facilitation Nurse plant Population dynamics Reproductive function

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Chloroplast immunity: A cornerstone of plant defense

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 686-688页

作者： Jie Liu Pan Gong Ruobin Lu Rosa Lozano-Duran Xueping Zhou Fangfang Li State Key Laboratory for biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Rice biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Department of Plant Biochemistry Centre for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP)Eberhard Karls UniversityTubingen 72076Germany

Increasing evidence supports the notion that pattern-recognition-receptor-mediated immunity goes beyond plasma membrane-to-nucleus *** the findings of the pathways linking plasma membrane and chloroplasts and the functions of stromules and perinuclear chloroplast clustering(PCC)in plant defense,chloroplast immunity has emerged as a cornerstone of plant defense and a target of plant pathogens.

关键词： plant immunity corners

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Mitigating growth-stress tradeoffs via elevated TOR signaling in rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 240-257页

作者： Wei Li Jiaqi Liu Zeqi Li Ruiqiang Ye Wenzhen Chen Yuqing Huang Yue Yuan Yi Zhang Huayi Hu Peng Zheng Zhongming Fang Zeng Tao Shiyong Song Ronghui Pan Jian Zhang Jumim Tu Jen Sheen Hao Du State Key Laboratory of Rice biology College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityYu-Hang-Tang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China Hainan institute of Zhejiang University Sanya 572025China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CASCenter for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai lnstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChineseAcademy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Plant Resource conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education) College of Agricultural SciencesGuizhouUniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Rice biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China Department of Molecular biology and Center for Computational and Integrative biology Massachusetts General Hospitaland Department of GeneticsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA

Rice production accounts for approximately half of the freshwater resources utilized in agriculture,result-ing in greenhouse gas emissions such as methane(CH4)from flooded paddy *** address this chal-lenge,environmentally friendly and cost-effective water-saving techniques have become widely adopted in rice ***,the implementation of water-saving treatments(WsTs)in paddy-field rice has been associated with a substantial yield loss of up to 50%as well as a reduction in nitrogen use efficiency(NUE).In this study,we discovered that the target of rapamycin(TOR)signaling pathway is compromised in rice under *** profiling-coupled transcriptome sequencing(polysome-seq)analysis unveiled a substantial reduction in global translation in response to WST associated with the downregulation of TOR ***,biochemical,and genetic analyses revealed new insights into the impact of the positive TOR-S6K-RPS6 and negative TOR-MAF1 modules on translation repression under ***,ammonium exhibited a greater ability to alleviate growth constraints under WsT by enhancing TOR signaling,which simultaneously promoted uptake and utilization of ammonium and nitrogen *** further demonstrated that TOR modulates the ammonium transporter AMT1;1 as well as the amino acid permease APP1 and dipeptide transporter NPF7.3 at the translational level through the 5'untranslated ***,these findings reveal that enhancing TOR signaling could mitigate rice yield penalty due to WST by regulating the processes involved in protein synthesis and *** study will contribute to the breeding of new rice varieties with increased water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.

关键词： target of rapamycin TOR water-saving rice low-carbon agriculture drought nitrogen use efficiency NUE

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A zebrafish tufm mutant model for the COXPD4 syndrome of aberrant mitochondrial function

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第9期51卷 922-933页

作者： Ting Li Tursunjan Aziz Guangyuan Li Lin Zhang Jihua Yao Shunji Jia School of Life Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Membrane biology Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical factor leading to a wide range of clinically heterogeneous and often severe disorders due to its central role in generating cellular *** in the TUFM gene are known to cause combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 4(COXPD4),a rare mitochondrial disorder characterized by a comprehensive quantitative deficiency in mitochondrial respiratory chain(MRC)*** development of a reliable animal model for COXPD4 is crucial for elucidating the roles and mechanisms of TUFM in disease pathogenesis and benefiting its medical *** this study,we construct a zebrafish tufm−/−mutant that closely resembles the COXPD4 syndrome,exhibiting compromised mitochondrial protein translation,dysfunctional mitochondria with oxidative phosphorylation defects,and significant metabolic suppression of the tricarboxylic acid *** this COXPD4 zebrafish model,we comprehensively validate the clinical relevance of TUFM mutations and identify probucol as a promising therapeutic approach for managing *** data offer valuable insights for understanding mitochondrial diseases and developing effective treatments.

关键词： Tufm Mitochondria COXPD4 Disease model Zebrafish

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Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials of sphingolipids in pathophysiology:emphasis on fatty acyl heterogeneity

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 268-278页

作者： Jinming Mu Sin Man Lam Guanghou Shui State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China Lipidall Technologies Company Limited ChangzhouJiangsu 213000China

Sphingolipids not only exert structural roles in cellular membranes,but also act as signaling molecules in various physiological and pathological processes.A myriad of studies have shown that abnormal levels of sphingolipids and their metabolic enzymes are associated with a variety of human ***,blood sphingolipids can also be used as biomarkers for disease *** review summarizes the biosynthesis,metabolism,and pathological roles of sphingolipids,with emphasis on the biosynthesis of ceramide,the precursor for the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids with different fatty acyl *** possibility of using sphingolipids for disease prediction,diagnosis,and treatment is also *** endogenous ceramides and complex sphingolipids along with their specific fatty acyl chain to promote future drug development will also be discussed.

关键词： Sphingolipids Ceramide Therapeutic targets Microdomain Biomarker

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Intergeneric chromosome-specific painting reveals differential chromosomal transmission from Tripidium arundinaceum in sugarcane progeny

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期 3751-3762页

作者： Fan Yu Zehuai Yu Jin Chai Xikai Yu Chen Fu Xinwang Zhao Hailong Chang Jiawei Lei Baoshan Chen Wei Yao Muqing Zhang Jiayun Wu Qinnan Wang Zuhu Deng State Key Laboratory for conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane biology College of Agriculture Guangxi University National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry Guangdong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Sugarcane biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

Sugarcane has recently attracted increasing attention for its potential as a source of sugar and bioethanol, so increasing its yield is essential to ensure the sugar security and bioenergy production. Intergeneric hybridization is a highly efficient method to produce new genetic variants of crop plants, particularly those species with high ploidy such as sugarcane(Saccharum spp.). Tripidium arundinaceum exhibits many desirable agronomic traits, and has been widely studied to produce hybrids with improved stress tolerance and other characteristics in sugarcane breeding. However, the genetic relationship between T. arundinaceum and Saccharum species, and the individual T. arundinaceum chromosomal compositions in sugarcane hybrids are still elusive. Here we used whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) to ascertain the phylogenetic relationships between these species and found that T. arundinaceum is more closely related to Saccharum than Sorghum, in contrast to the previous narrow genetic analyses using chloroplast DNA. Additionally, oligonucleotide(oligo)-based chromosome-specific painting derived from Saccharum officinarum was able to distinctly identify the chromosomes of T. arundinaceum. We developed the oligo-genomic in situ hybridization(GISH) system for the first time, to unveil the novel chromosome translocations and the transmission of individual T. arundinaceum chromosomes in sugarcane progeny. Notably,we discovered that the chromosomal transmission of T. arundinaceum exhibited several different inheritance modes,including n, 2n, and over 2n in the BC1 progenies. Such inheritance patterns may have resulted from first division restitution(FDR) or FDR+nondisjunction of a chromosome with the sister chromatids in the second meiosis division/second division restitution(FDR+NSC/SDR) model during meiosis. These results will be of substantial benefit for the further selection of T. arundinaceum chromosomes for sugarcane genetic improvement.

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A sphingolipid message promotes neuronal health across generations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2325-2326页

作者： Wenyue Wang Roger Pocock Development and Stem Cells Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia

Maternal nutrition can affect brain function of offspring in later life(Fitzgerald et al.,2020).Emerging studies have also shown that the maternal environment can modify susceptibility to neurodegenerative disease(Boots et al.,2023).Transmission of environmental information from mother to offspring depends on maternal nutrient *** the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans,maternal yolk,which is synthesized in the intestine and transferred to nourish oocytes and early embryos,can provide extranuclear inheritance factors to mediate phenotypic plasticity across ***,the molecular mechanisms of regulating such intergenerational effects remain largely unknown.

关键词： mother intestine transferred

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