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A lead role for a“secondary”axonal injury response

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 469-470页

作者： Melissa A.Rudy Trent A.Watkins Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial biology Department of NeurologyUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Development Disease Modelsand Therapeutics Graduate ProgramBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Stress signaling following axon injury stimulates a transcriptional program for regeneration that might be exploited to promote central nervous system ***,this stress response drives neuronal apoptosis in non-regenerative *** duality presents a quandary for the development of therapeutic interventions:manipulating stress signaling to enhance recovery of damaged neurons risks accelerating neurodegeneration or restricting regenerative *** dichotomy is well illustrated by the fates of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)following optic nerve *** this central nervous system injury model,disruption of a stress-activated MAP kinase(MAPK)cascade blocks the extensive apoptosis of RGCs that occurs in wild-type mice(Watkins et al.,2013;Welsbie et al.,2017).

关键词： injury axonal stress

Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 343-353页

作者： Ana Milena Silva Olaya Fernanda Martins Almeida Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Suelen Adriani Marques PhD program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Biomedical Science Institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate program in Pathological Anatomy(PPGAP/UFRJ) Department of Neurobiology/Institute of BiologyCampus do GragoatáNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory,motor,and autonomic functions,which almost always produces permanent physical ***,in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years,which are not entirely efficient,researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach,seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord *** of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and,consequently,boosting functional *** the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents,there is increasing recognition of the importance,and need,of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in *** article is a literature review from databases(PubMed,Science Direct,Elsevier,Scielo,Redalyc,Cochrane,and NCBI)from 10 years ago to date,using keywords(spinal cord injury,cell therapy,non-human primates,humans,and bioengineering in spinal cord injury).From 110 retrieved articles,after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,21 articles were ***,this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans,aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials cell therapy humans non-human primates spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

Why China is important in advancing the field of primatology

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Zoological Research 2018年第4期39卷 241-243页

作者： Paul A.Garber Department of Anthropology Program in Ecology Evolution and Conservation Biology University of Illinois

Over the past few decades, field studies conducted by Chinese primatologists have contributed significant new theoretical and empirical insights into the behavior, ecology, biology, genetics, and conservation of Iorises, macaques, langurs, snubnosed monkeys, and gibbons. With the recent establishment and inaugural meeting of the China Primatological Society in 2017, China has emerged as a leading nation in primate research. Several research teams have conducted long-term studies despite the difficult challenges of habituating and observing wild primates Inhabiting mountainous temperate forests, and the fact that some 80% of China＇s 25-27 primate species are considered vulnerable, endangered, or critically endangered and are distributed in small isolated subpopulations. In going forward, it is recommended that primatologists in China increase their focus on seasonal differences in the social, ecological, physiological, and nutritional challenges primates face in exploiting high altitude and cold temperate forests. In addition, provisioning as a habitation tool should be minimized or eliminated, as it is difficult to control for its effects on group dynamics, patterns of habitat utilization, and feeding ecology. Finally in the next decade, Chinese primatologists should consider expanding the taxonomic diversity of species studied by conducting research in other parts of Asia, Africa, and the Neotropics.

关键词： China conservation Primate research Ecology

Review of research methodologies for tigers:Telemetry

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 378-389页

作者： Clayton S.MILLER Mark HEBBLEWHITE John M.GOODRICH Dale G.MIQUELLE Wildlife conservation Society BronxNYUSA Wildlife biology program College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA

Over the past half century,wildlife research has relied on technological advances to gain additional insight into the secretive lives of *** revolution started in the 1960s with the development of radio telemetry and continues today with the use of Global Positioning System(GPS)-based research *** the present paper we review the history of radio telemetry from its origins with grizzly bears in Yellowstone to its early applications in tiger research and conservation in *** address the different types of data that are available using radio telemetry as opposed to using other research techniques,such as behavioral observations,camera trapping,DNA analysis and scat *** the late 1990s,the rapid development of GPS collar technology revolutionized wildlife *** new technology has enabled researchers to dramatically improve their ability to gather data on animal movements and *** the ecological and conservation benefits of radio telemetry,there have been few telemetry studies of tigers in the wild,and most have been on the Bengal or Amur *** close with an assessment of the current tiger conservation efforts using GPS technology and discuss how this new information can help to preserve tigers for future generations.

关键词： Global Positioning System technology Panthera tigris radio telemetry research methodologies tiger

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational biology and Engineering program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Improving effectiveness of protection efforts in tiger source sites:Developing a framework for law enforcement monitoring using MIST

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 363-377页

作者： Emma J.STOKES Wildlife conservation Society Global Conservation ProgramBronxNew YorkUSA

Wild tigers are in a critical state with an estimated population decline of more than 95%over the past *** the capacity and effectiveness of law enforcement in reducing poaching of tigers is an immediate priority to secure remaining wild populations in source *** 2008-2010,standardized patrol-based law enforcement monitoring(LEM)was established under the Tigers Forever program across 8 key tiger sites in order to improve and evaluate law enforcement ***-based monitoring has the distinct advantage of providing regular and rapid information on illegal activities and ranger performance,although,until recently,it has received relatively little scrutiny from the conservation *** present paper outlines a framework for implementation of LEM in tiger source sites using MIST,a computerized management information system for ranger-based data *** framework addresses many of the technical,practical and institutional challenges involved in the design,implementation,sustainability and evaluation of *** of such a framework for LEM is a cost-effective strategy to improve the efficiency of law enforcement efforts,to increase the motivation of enforcement staff and to promote the accountability of law enforcement agencies in addressing threats to *** combined with independent,systematic and science-based monitoring of tigers and their prey,LEM has great potential for evaluating the effectiveness of protection-based conservation investments.

关键词： law enforcement monitoring MIST protected areas protection tigers

Securing a future for wild Indochinese tigers:Transforming tiger vacuums into tiger source sites

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 324-334页

作者： Antony J.LYNAM Wildlife conservation Society Global Conservation ProgramBronx New YorkUSA

A century ago,tigers(Panthera tigris Linnaeus,1758)were so common in parts of Southeast Asia as to be considered pests,and governments sponsored their *** loss and fragmentation,market-driven poaching and loss of prey have since led to the disappearance of Indochinese tigers from most their former *** 15 years of dedicated tiger conservation funding,national estimates of Indochinese tiger subpopulations can at best only be roughly *** future for the subspecies appears grim unless very focused efforts can be applied to stabilize and recover *** a regional scale,the 2 proposed subspecies Panthera tigris corbetti and *** jacksoni are effectively managed as separate conservation *** where to place conservation efforts should consider the vulnerability(likelihood of extinction)and irreplaceability(likelihood that an area contributes uniquely to regional conservation)of tiger *** 1 site in Thailand supporting10000 km^(2))block of dry forest habitat available in the region.A reintroduction program is the only option to recover tigers there.

关键词： conservation priorities Indochinese tigers irreplaceability threats vulnerability

Proteostasis failure:at the intersection between aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3221-3222页

作者： Natalia Poblete Claudio Hetz Center for Geroscience Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile Biomedical Neuroscience Institute Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile program of Cellular and Molecular biology Institute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCAUSA

Lifestyle and demographics of the world's population are causing serious health problems impacting the brain,increasing the incidence of Alzheimer's disease(AD)and other types of *** we have gained important insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of AD,only palliative care is available to *** is characterized by the abnormal deposition of protein aggregates in the brain formed by amyloid β and hyper-phosphorylated,Tau in addition to neuroinflammation.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid stasis

Comparative sensitivity to environmental variation and human disturbance of Asian tapirs (Tapirus indicus) and other wild ungulates in Thailand

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 389-399页

作者： Antony J.LYNAM Naruemon TANTIPISANUH Wanlop CHUTIPONG Dusit NGOPRASERT Megan C.BAKER Passanan CUTTER George GALE Shumpei KITAMURA Robert STEINMETZ Ronglarp SUKMASUANG Somying THUNHIKORN Global conservation program Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS)BronxNYUSA IUCN/SSC Tapir Specialist Group BangkokThailand conservation Ecology program King Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkokThailand Center for Species Survival Smithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA conservation biology program University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Museum of Nature and Human Activities SandaJapan WWF Thailand BangkokThailand Department of Forest biology Kasetsart UniversityBangkokThailand Wildlife Research Division Department of National ParksWildlife and Plants ConservationBangkokThailand

Southeast Asia’s tropical forests suffer the highest rates of deforestation and disturbance of any on Earth,with poorly understood impacts on native *** tapirs(Tapirus indicus)are among the least studied of the large mammals in these *** records from 9 camera trap surveys in 7 of the largest(>1000 km2)pro-tected area complexes,we assessed the influence of environmental variation and human-induced disturbance on tapir *** were detected at 13%of locations sampled,significantly associated with evergreen for-est(P40%over the past 20 *** recommend surveys to fill gaps in the understanding of the status in lesser-known protected areas,research to better understand the fine-scale environmental influences on behavior and habitats of tapirs,and other forest un-gulates,and continued legal status for tapirs in the highest category of protection.

关键词： Asian tapir camera traps conservation logistic regression ungulates