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Leakage versus Material Filtration in Barrier Facemask Efficiency

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Health 2021年第4期13卷 439-453页

作者： Ali Bahloul Clothilde Brochot Barbara Layne Chemical and Biological Hazard Prevention Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail Montréal Canada Department of Building Civil and Environmental Engineering Concordia University Montréal Canada Department of Studio Arts The Milieux Institute for Art Culture and Technology Concordia University Montréal Canada

The World Health Association and many governmental agencies recommend the wearing of facemasks by the general public to prevent the spread of COVID-19. It is believed that masks can significantly protect others and may offer some protection to the wearer. Although there are standards for FFRs, surgical masks, and recently for barrier face coverings, they all indicate the level of protection for the wearer. However, testing facial masks not at the point of inhalation, but at the source, the exhale, offers a new perspective on how to impede particle emissions. In this paper, the experimental results show that, although the barrier face covering is less effective than FFRs or surgical masks, it can reduce the concentration of aerosols downstream of the device. The results on barrier efficiency show a rapid decrease in effectiveness when the face covering is not sealed to the head. The barrier efficiency of two of the barrier face coverings tested is strongly dependent on leakage caused by the fit rather than the material. While some materials certainly are more effective than others in inhibiting particle penetration, an even more profound factor is the amount of leakage emitted from a mask. New approaches to fit and design in order to create a seal against leakage will become an important factor in combatting SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： COVID-19 Facemask Filtration Leakage Aerosol Airborne Transmission

An exploratory study on road tunnel with semi-transparent photovoltaic canopy-From energy saving and fire safety perspectives

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Building Simulation 2022年第4期15卷 537-548页

作者： Dahai Qi Senwen Yang Chang Shu Xin Zhang Liangzhu(Leon)Wang Andreas Athienitis Department of Civil and Building Engineering Universite de Sherbrooke2500boul.de I'UniversiteSherbrookeQuebec J1K2R1Canada Centre for Zero Energy Building Studies Department of BuildingCivil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia University1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd.WestMontrealQuebec H3G 1M8Canada

Road tunnels consume a large amount of energy,especially in the Canadian cold climate,where the roads are heated electrically or deicing during the *** a more sustainable and resilient road tunnel energy system,we conducted an exploratory study on installing a semi-transparent photovoltaic(STPV)canopy at the entrances and exits of a tunnel under a *** proposed system generates solar-powered electricity,improves thermal and visual conditions,and reduces energy *** this study,field measurements of road surface temperature and air temperature were conducted,and numerical simulations with and without STPV were performed to study air and road surface temperatures under different traffic *** field measurements show the road surface temperatures are higher than the air temperature on *** interior air and road surface temperature were measured to be above 0°C,even though the outdoor temperature is far below 0°C,thus significantly reducing the need for deicing in winter using *** simulations show that the air and surface temperatures elevate due to the solar transmission heat through the STPV canopy,thus reducing deicing energy consumption *** fire safety analysis also showed that the proposed system's top opening should be located near the tunnel entrance instead of the canopy entrance for better smoke exhaust during a fire.

关键词： STPV road tunnel fire safety energy efficiency cold climate

Green Drug Supply Chain Investigation by Time-Market Balance and Risk

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第3期13卷 611-631页

作者： Mahmoudreza Entezami Hossein Havaeji Computer Science and Software Engineering Department Concordia University Montreal Canada Mechanical Engineering Department école de Technologie Supérieure Montreal Canada

The quality of pharmaceutical products plays a crucial role in healthcare systems such as hospitals for better patient services. Drug Supply Chain Management requires approaches to uncertainty and risk consideration. This study is a comprehensive multi-objective mathematical model considering the uncertainties and potential reserves in supply and medicine. The proposed model includes three general objective functions that minimize total production costs, including the costs of transportation, maintenance, breakdown, collection, and disposal of waste. The model also maximizes the quality of potential storage. The results show the proposed method has a high quality to solve the model and leads to the optimization of the results to provide the drug supply chain for the proposed example. We have identified three important risks and uncertainties in addressing drug supply planning: the indefinite duration of the licensing process, the risk of a forced brand change, and indefinite repayment levels that lead to varied demand diversification. The results of comparison with other multi-objective optimization methods in existing articles also show better performance of the proposed model. A significant cost reduction results from implementing our model instead of using the over-storage role to estimate the volume of active drug elements, as seen in today’s industry.

关键词： Market Supply Planning New Product Introduction Two-Stage Variable Planning Regulation Affairs

Application of PCM-based Thermal Energy Storage System in Buildings: A State of the Art Review on the Mathematical Modeling Approaches and Experimental Investigations

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 1821-1852页

作者： ZENG Chao YUAN Yanping HAGHIGHAT Fariborz PANCHABIKESAN Karthik JOYBARI Mahmood Mastani CAO Xiaoling KLIMES Lubomír School of Mechanical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Department of Building Civiland Environmental Engineering(BCEE)Concordia UniversityMontreal H3G 2J1Canada Civil Engineering Journals ElsevierMontreal L9T 5G3Canada Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory Brno University of TechnologyBrno 60190Czech Republic

This review paper critically analyzes the most recent literature(64% published after 2015) on the experimentation and mathematical modeling of latent heat thermal energy storage(LHTES) systems in buildings. Commercial software and in-built codes used for mathematical modeling of LHTES systems are consolidated and reviewed to provide details on the selection of appropriate tools. Insights on software’s computing speed, model simplicity, accuracy(by considering the convective term in the melting process), and application of artificial neural networks are reviewed in detail. Moreover, the overall research status of the experiments conducted on the phase change material-based LHTES systems with different experiment configurations is reviewed. The analysis shows that ANSYS Fluent is the most widely used software for specific heat transfer phenomenon in storage tanks, while self-developed models with simplified terms are evaluated as more flexible and easier to apply. For hybrid systems, self-developed MATLAB, mature parts in ESP-r, TRNSYS, and EnergyPlus are compatible. Further, most of the experimental investigations are conducted on the laboratory scale, providing data for model validation. To provide a clear guidance for the future market application, the scope for future works is presented. With this review, it would be easier to develop a unified, simplified, visual, and accurate simulation platform for the PCM-based thermal energy storage in buildings.

关键词： phase change material LHTES mathematical modeling experimental investigation water-PCM tank air-PCM unit buildings

Numerical simulations of smoke spread during solar roof fires

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Building Simulation 2022年第4期15卷 561-570页

作者： Xin Zhang Monireh Aram Dahai Qi Liangzhu(Leon)Wang Department of Civil and Building Engineering Universite de Sherbrooke2500boul.de I'UniversiteSherbrooke(Quebec)J1K2R1Canada Centre for Zero Energy Building Studies Deportment of BuildingCivil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia University1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd.WestMontreal(Quebec)H3G 1M8Canada

As the installation of solar roofs increases,so has the concern over *** from a solar roof fire could spread into a building through roof openings and presents a challenge for existing fire protection *** date,there have been insufficient studies on solar roof fire-induced smoke *** this study,we conducted computational fluid dynamics(CDF)simulations using Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS)to better understand the mechanisms of solar roof fire-induced smoke spread and help with solar roof ***,the photovoltaic(PV)combustion model was created in FDS and validated by experimental data.A parametric study was then simulated to investigate the impacts of roof slopes and vent sizes on the smoke spread of the solar *** was found that the roof slope has a significant effect on the fire smoke *** the roof slope increases,the region of separation,where the smoke and air are mixed,can extend from the leeward side of the building to the roof *** a result,smoke could fill the attic and room more slowly,leading to a lower soot density and lower indoor *** design a solar roof,both fire smoke protection and PV energy performance should be considered,especially for the low latitude regions where the PV optimal title angle regarding energy performance is small and leads to a higher risk of smoke infiltration.

关键词： solar roof fire CFD smoke infiltration

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DeST与其它建筑环境模拟软件的比较分析

DeST与其它建筑环境模拟软件的比较分析

A YOLOv3-based Learning Strategy for Real-time UAV-based Forest Fire Detection

全国暖通空调制冷2004年学术年会

作者：廖亮 concordia univERSITY CANADA

建筑热环境的全年动态模拟在理论上已经基本逐渐发展成熟。现行计算分析的方法很多,例如限差分法,反应系数法,谐波反应法,状态空间法等。它们通过采用数值或者分析求解的方法都可以在计算机上模拟出很好的结果,自20世纪60年代到今天,世... 详细信息

建筑热环境的全年动态模拟在理论上已经基本逐渐发展成熟。现行计算分析的方法很多,例如限差分法,反应系数法,谐波反应法,状态空间法等。它们通过采用数值或者分析求解的方法都可以在计算机上模拟出很好的结果,自20世纪60年代到今天,世界各国都相继开发出一些很好的能耗模拟软件,可以很方便的对建筑物全年动态能耗进行建模计算。其中比较著名的包括美国能源部开发的DOE-2,美国国防部开发的BLAST,英国开发的ESP,美国最近开发出来的ENERGY-PLUS,此外还有SRES/SUN,SERIRES,S3PAS,TRNSYS,TASE。我国清华大学也独立研究开发了一套功能齐全的全年动态能耗模拟软件,

关键词： DeST 建筑模拟 ASHRAE-140

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A YOLOv3-based Learning Strategy for Real-time UAV-based For...

Freshness constraints of an age of information based event-triggered Kalman consensus filter algorithm over a wireless sensor network

第32届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Zhentian Jiao Youmin Zhang Lingxia Mu Jing Xin Shangbin Jiao Han Liu Ding Liu Department of Automation and Information Engineering Xian University of Technology Department of Mechanical Industrial & Aerospace EngineeringConcordia University

Forest resources safety is of paramount importance for natural and public *** fire detection methods have been attracted much attention recently,but the performance in terms of comprehensiveness,rapidity,and accuracy is still not satisfactory.A deep learning fire detection algorithm is proposed in this paper,aiming at improving the detection accuracy and efficiency by using the unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV）.A large-scale YOLOv3 network is firstly developed which can ensure the detection *** algorithm is then applied to UAV forest fire detection（UAV-FFD） platform,where the fire images can be captured by the UAV and transmitted to the ground-station in real *** testing results indicate that the recognition rate of the detection algorithm is about 91%,and the frame rate can reach up to 30 FPS（Frames Per Second）.It shows strong potential in real-time application for precision forest fire detection.

关键词： UAV-based forest fire detection(UAV-FFD) large-scale YOLOv3 algorithm high-precision fire detection

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021年第1期22卷 51-67页

作者： Rui WANG Yahui LI Hui SUN Youmin ZHANG College of Information Engineering and Automation Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China Department of Mechanical Industrial and Aerospace EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealQuebec H3G 1M8Canada

This paper presents the design of a new event-triggered Kalman consensus filter(ET-KCF)algorithm for use over a wireless sensor network(WSN).This algorithm is based on information freshness,which is calculated as the age of information(Aol)of the sampled *** proposed algorithm integrates the traditional event-triggered mechanism,information freshness calculation method,and Kalman consensus filter(KCF)algorithm to estimate the concentrations of pollutants in the aircraft more *** proposed method also considers the influence of data packet loss and the aircraft's loss of communication path over the WSN,and presents an Aol-freshness-based threshold selection method for the ET-KCF algorithm,which compares the packet Aol to the minimum average Aol of the *** method can obviously reduce the energy consumption because the transmission of expired information is ***,the convergence of the algorithm is proved using the Lyapunov stability theory and matrix *** results show that this algorithm has better fault tolerance compared to the existing KCF and lower power consumption than other ET-KCFs.

关键词： Distributed Kalman consensus filter(KCF) Event-triggered mechanism Age of information(Aol) Stability analysis Energy optimization

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康科迪亚大学的公共性

建筑与文化 2007年第4期 76-76页

作者： Dr. Clarence Epstein Co-Chair Quartier Concordia Committee

康科迪亚地区将在未来成为蒙特利尔的一块基石，一个休闲的场所．一个大学与公众共同拥有的财富，康科迪亚将是他们共同的骄傲。

关键词：大学公共性蒙特利尔财富