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COVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha Charles R.Pedlar Shane C.Burgess Michael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard J.Simpson School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and comparative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona Cancer Center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medicine and pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb titers.Methods:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine.All major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb serology.Results:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded exercise.However,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent manner.Both groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid antigens.nAbs increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity group.Conclusion:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral COVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-CoV-2 T-Cells Vaccine

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Comparison of resistive index and shear-wave elastography in the evaluation of chronic kidney allograft dysfunction

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 154-163页

作者： Ameet Kumar Jesrani Syed M Faiq Rahma Rashid Tariq Ali Kalwar Rehan Mohsin Tahir Aziz Nida Amin Khan Muhammed Mubarak Department of Radiology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of pathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Transplantation Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Urology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan

BACKGROUND Detection of early chronic changes in the kidney allograft is important for timely intervention and long-term survival.Conventional and novel ultrasound-based investigations are being increasingly used for this purpose with variable results.AIM To compare the diagnostic performance of resistive index(RI)and shear wave elastography(SWE)in the diagnosis of chronic fibrosing changes of kidney allograft with histopathological results.METHODS This is a cross-sectional and comparative study.A total of 154 kidney transplant recipients were included in this study,which was conducted at the Departments of Transplantation and Radiology,Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation,Karachi,Pakistan,from August 2022 to February 2023.All consecutive patients with increased serum creatinine levels and reduced glomerular filtration rate(GFR)after three months of transplantation were enrolled in this study.SWE and RI were performed and the findings of these were evaluated against the kidney allograft biopsy results to determine their diagnostic utility.RESULTS The mean age of all patients was 35.32±11.08 years.Among these,126(81.8%)were males and 28(18.2%)were females.The mean serum creatinine in all patients was 2.86±1.68 mg/dL and the mean estimated GFR was 35.38±17.27 mL/min/1.73 m2.Kidney allograft biopsy results showed chronic changes in 55(37.66%)biopsies.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV)of SWE for the detection of chronic allograft damage were 93.10%,96.87%%,94.73%,and 95.87%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 95.45%.For RI,the sensitivity,specificity,PPV,and NPV were 76.92%,83.33%,70.17%,and 87.62%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 81.16%.CONCLUSION The results from this study show that SWE is more sensitive and specific as compared to RI in the evaluation of chronic allograft damage.It can be of great help during the routine follow-up of kidney transplant recipients for screening and early detection of chronic changes and select

关键词： Shear wave Sonoelastography Resistive index Chronic allograft changes Biopsy Histopathology

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NHE7 upregulation potentiates the uptake of small extracellular vesicles by enhancing maturation of macropinosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 251-272页

作者： Yue Yao Yi Xu Liang Yu Ting-Mao Xue Zhi-Jie Xiao Pui-Chi Tin Hiu-Ling Fung Hoi-Tang Ma Jing-Ping Yun Judy Wai Ping Yam Department of pathology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongP.R.China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjingP.R.China Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjingP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Scientific Research Center The Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongP.R.China Department of pathology Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China

Background:Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediate intercellular commu-nication that contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)progression via multifaceted pathways.The success of cell entry determines the effect of sEV on recipient cells.Here,we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying the uptake of sEV in HCC.Abbreviations:AF,Alexa Fluor;ANOVA,analysis of variance;ATP9A,ATPase Phospholipid Transporting 9A;BCECF-AM,2’,7’-bis-(2-barboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein,acetoxymethyl ester;BSA,bovine serum albumin;CCMR,Centre for comparative Medicine Research;CRISPR,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats;CTL,ctrl;CXCR4,C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4;DAPI,4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole;DFS,disease-free survival;DMEM,Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium;DMSO,dimethyl sulfoxide;Dox,doxycycline;EEA1,early endosome antigen 1;EIPA,5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride;FBS,fetal bovine serum;FITC,fluorescein isothiocyanate;GAPDH,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase;GM130,Golgi matrix protein 130;HCC,hepatocellular carcinoma;HEPES,4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid;HPRT1,hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1;H-score,histoscore;IAA,indole-3-acetic acid;KD,knockdown;KO,knockout;mAID,mini-auxin-inducible degron;MTT,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide;NHE7,Na(+)/H(+)exchanger 7;ns,non-significant;OD,optical density;OS,overall survival;PBS,phosphate-buffered saline;PCR,polymerase chain reaction;pHe,endosomal pH;pHi,intracellular pH;PKH67,Paul Karl Horan 67;Rab21,Ras-associated binding protein 21;RIPA,radioimmunoprecipitation assay;SAM,synergistic activation mediator;SEMs,standard error of the means;sEVs,small extracellular vesicles;sgRNA,single-guide RNA;shRNA,short-hairpin RNA;SLC9,solute carrier gene 9;SLiCE,Seamless Ligation Cloning Extract;TCGA,The Cancer Genome Atlas;TCL,total cell lysates;TGN,trans-Golgi network;TMA,tissue microarray;TMR,tetramethyl rhodamine;TSG101,tumor susceptibility gene 101.Yue Yao and Yi Xu contributed equally to this work.Methods

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma small extracellular vesicles macropinocytosis pH regulation sodium-hydrogen exchanger

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comparative Study of the Effect of Shugan Shuru Granule (疏肝舒乳颗粒) on pathology and p53 Gene Expression in Patients with Hyperplastic Disease of Breast

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Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2005年第2期11卷 123-127页

作者：王成鑫黄萱赵晓玲邓昊 Department of pathology & Pathophysiology School of Medicine and Life Sciences Jianghan University Wuhan (430056) Department of pathology of Wuhan No. 4 Hospital Jianghan University

Objective: To study the effect of Shugan Shuru Granule (疏肝舒乳颗粒,SSG) on the p53 gene expression in patients with hyperplastic disease of breast (HDB) to indirectly explore the mechanism of SSG’s effect on HDB on the molecular pathological level. Methods: Sixty-six patients with HDB were allocated in the treated group and the control group,with the former treated with SSG and the latter not. All patients underwent breast operation and their diseased mammary tissues were cut out, sectioned, and observed under microscopy with HE staining and immunohistochemical staining, with ABC method adopted to estimate the degree of hyperplasia and p53 gene expression. The severity of HDB was classified into normal, mild, moderate and severe grades (marked as 0 to Ⅲ), according to the degree of hyperplasia in the mammary gland. Results: Hyperplasia in the control group mostly belonged to grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ before treatment, showing overgrowth of gland and proliferation of glandular epithelial cells, which were high columnar shaped, more stratified, with papillary or substantive dysplasia. While in the treated group, most belonged to grade 0-Ⅰ after SSG treatment, with proliferated gland and dysplasia recovered to normal or disappeared. The positive rate of p53 gene expression in the treated group was 9.09%, and in the control group 39.39%, comparison between the two groups showing significant difference (P<0.01), the intensity in the former was significantly weaker than that in the latter.Conclusion: SSG could not only inhibit the proliferation of mammary duct epithelia and lobuli, but also inhibit the over-expression of P53. Therefore, it could be regarded as an effective remedy for treatment of HDB and prevention of mammary cancer genesis.

关键词： Shugan Shuru Granule hyperplastic disease of breast p53 gene

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Screening for arboviruses in healthy blood donors: Experience from Karachi, Pakistan

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第5期37卷 774-777页

作者： Moiz Ahmed Khan Kehkashan Imtiaz Humaira Shafaq Joveria Farooqi Mohammad Hassan Afia Zafar Maureen T.Long Kelli L.Barr Erum Khan Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Department of Pathology&Lab MedicineAga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Blood Bank Haematology&Transfusion MedicineDepartment of Pathology&Lab MedicineAga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine University of FloridaGainesville FL32611USA Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research University of South FloridaTampa FL33620USA

Dear Editor,Arboviruses of medical importance are maintained in nature in enzootic cycles between haematogenous vectors and susceptible vertebrate hosts(Huang et al.,2019).The rapid increase in human populations around the globe and the associated urbanization are creating irreversible damage to the ecosystem,giving rise to many problems including emergence and intensification of the vector borne diseases(Sutherst,2004).Among vector borne diseases,mosquito-borne arboviruses including dengue virus(DENV),West Nile virus(WNV),Japanese Encephalitis virus(JEV)and Zika virus(ZIKV)are rapidly emerging in the affected regions of the world(Palmer et al.,2011).

关键词： maintained irreversible Pakistan

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Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer’s disease:An overview of experimental models and reality

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2022年第1期5卷 15-26页

作者： Chuan Qin Kewei Wang Ling Zhang Lin Bai Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Comparative Medicine CenterPeking Union Medical College(PUMC)NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineKey Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal ModelBeijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases BeijingBeijingChina

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder.The pathology of AD is characterized by extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ)plaques,neurofibrillary tangles com-posed of hyperphosphorylated tau,neuronal death,synapse loss,and brain atrophy.Many therapies have been tested to improve or at least effectively modify the course of AD.Meaningful data indicate that the transplantation of stem cells can alleviate neuropathology and significantly ameliorate cognitive deficits in animal models with Alzheimer's disease.Transplanted stem cells have shown their inherent advantages in improving cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction,although certain weak-nesses or limitations need to be overcome.This review recapitulates rodent models for AD,the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells,influencing factors,and the underlying mechanisms behind these changes.Stem cell therapy provides perspective and chal-lenges for its clinical application in the future.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease animal model cognitive deficits memory loss stem cell therapy

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Bone Injury and Fracture Healing Biology

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期28卷 57-71页

作者： Ahmad Oryan Somayeh Monazzah Amin Bigham-Sadegh Comparative Pathology Department of Pathology School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz 71345 Iran Department of pathology School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz 71345 Iran Veterinary Surgery Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahrekord University Shahrekord *** Iran

Bones are organs of the skeletal system, providing shape, mechanical support, and protection to the body and facilitating the movement. In addition, bones contribute to the mineral homeostasis of the body and have recently been found to participate in endocrine regulation of energy metabolism. The well-known limitations associated with clinical use of autografts and allografts continue to drive efforts to develop bone graft substitutes, using the principles of biomaterials and tissue engineering. Under some stressful and continuous compressive conditions, the ability of the bone tissue to tolerate strength decreases. Whenever these forces overcome the toleration of the bone tissue, bone fracture occurs. years

关键词： bone Bone Injury and Fracture Healing Biology

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Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第11期17卷 2391-2398页

作者： Eva E.Stefanova Angela L.Scott Department of pathology and Molecular Medicine McMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada

Within the last several decades,the scientific community has made substantial progress in elucidating the complex pathophysiology underlying spinal cord injury.However,despite the many advances using conventional mammalian models,both cellular and axonal regeneration following spinal cord injury have remained out of reach.In this sense,turning to non-mammalian,regenerative species presents a unique opportunity to identify pro-regenerative cues and chara cterize a spinal cord microenvironment permissive to re-growth.Among the signaling pathways hypothesized to be dysregulated during spinal cord injury is the purinergic signaling system.In addition to its well-known role as energy currency in cells,ATP and its metabolites are small molecule neurotransmitte rs that mediate many diverse cellular processes within the central nervous system.While our unde rstanding of the roles of the purinergic system following spinal cord injury is limited,this signaling pathway has been implicated in all injury-induced secondary processes,including cellular death,inflammation,reactive gliosis,and neural regeneration.Given that the purinergic system is also evolutionarily conserved between mammalian and non-mammalian species,comparisons of these roles may provide important insights into conditions responsible for recovery success.Here,we compare the secondary processes between key model species and the influence of purinergic signaling in each context.As our understanding of this signaling system and pro-regenerative conditions continues to evolve,so does the potential for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for spinal cord injury.

关键词： cell death differenriation glia inflammation neurogenesis proliferation purinergic signaling reactive gliosis regeneration spinal cord injury teleost

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Genome-wide identification, classification, and expression profiling of serine esterases and other esterase-related proteins in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta

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Insect Science 2023年第2期30卷 338-350页

作者： Zelong Miao Chao Xiong Xiaolong Cao Tisheng Shan Qiao Jin Haobo Jiang Department of Entomology and Plant pathology Oklahoma State UniversityOklahomaStillwaterUSA

Serine esterases(SEs)are hydrolases that catalyze the conversion of carboxylic esters into acids and alcohols.Lipases and carboxylesterases constitute two major groups of SEs.Although over a hundred of insect genomes are known,systematic identification and classification of SEs are rarely performed,likely due to large size and complex composition of the gene family in each species.Considering their key roles in lipid metabolism and other physiological processes,we have categorized 144 M.sexta SEs and SE homologs(SEHs),114 of which contain a motif of GXSXG.Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis have revealed 39 neutral lipases(NLs),3 neutral lipase homologs(NLHs),11 acidic lipases(ALs),3 acidic lipase homologs(ALHs),a lipase-3,a triglyceride lipase,a monoglyceride lipase,a hormone-sensitive lipase,and a GDSL lipase.Eighty-three carboxylesterase genes encode 29α-esterases(AEs),12 AEHs(e.g.,SEH4-1–3),20 feruloyl esterases(FEs),2 FEHs,2β-esterases(BEs),2 integument esterases(IEs),1 IEH,4 juvenile hormone esterases,2 acetylcholinesterases,gliotactin,6 neuroligins,neurotactin,and an uncharacteristic esterase homolog.In addition to these GXSXG proteins,we have identified 26 phospholipases and 13 thioesterases.Expression profiling of these genes in specific tissues and stages has provided insights into their functions including digestion,detoxification,hormone processing,neurotransmission,reproduction,and developmental regulation.In summary,we have established a framework of information on SEs and related proteins in M.sexta to stimulate their research in the model species and comparative investigations in agricultural pests or disease vectors.

关键词： carboxylesterase esterase lipase phospholipase phylogenetic analysis RNA-Seq thioesterase

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Evidences supporting the vascular etiology of post-double balloon enteroscopy pancreatitis: Study in porcine model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第34期23卷 6201-6211页

作者： Rafael Latorre Octavio López-Albors Federico Soria Esther Morcillo Pilar Esteban Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Martínez Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology University of Murcia Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre Jesús Usón Department of Gastroenterology Small Bowel UnitMorales Meseguer Hospital

Double balloon enteroscopy(DBE) is an endoscopic technique broadly used to diagnose and treat small bowel diseases. Among the associated complications of the oral DBE, post-procedure pancreatitis has taken the most attention due to its gravity and the thought that it might be associated to the technique itself and anatomical features of the pancreas. However, as the etiology has not been clarified yet, this paper aims to review the published literature and adds new results from a porcine animal model. Biochemical markers, histological sections and the vascular perfusion of the pancreas were monitored in the pig during DBE practice. A reduced perfusion of the pancreas and bowel, the presence of defined hypoxic areas and disseminated necrotic zones were found in the pancreatic tissue of pigs. All these evidences contribute to support a vascular distress as the most likely etiology of the post-DBE pancreatitis.

关键词：加倍汽球 enteroscopy 胰动物模型胰腺炎猪

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