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'Structure units' as material genes in cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 242-245页

作者： Jiaxin Zheng Yaokun Ye Feng Pan School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School

The basic structure unit of crystals is the lattice atom and its coordination environment. They are arranged periodically in certain combinations (*** group) to form crystals. Generally speaking, the bonding interaction and electronic structure in the structure unit determine the intrinsic physical and chemical properties of crystals [1],similar to the key role of genes in life.

关键词： as material genes in cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries Structure units

Rapid visualization of latent fingerprints using novel CaSiO_3:Sm^(3+) nanophosphors fabricated via ultrasound route

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第1期37卷 32-44,M0003页

作者： R.B.Basavaraj G.P.Darshan B.Daruka Prasad S.C.Sharma H.Nagabhushana Prof.C.N.R.Rao Centre for Advanced Materials Tumkur University Department of Physics Acharya Institute of Graduate Studies Department of Physics B M S Institute of Technology and ManagementVTU Affiliated Department of Mechanical Engineering Jain UniversityAdvisor Jain Group of Institutions

Latent fingerprints (LFPs) were the most significant identification method for individualization. Most commonly available fingerprints (FPs) in crime spot investigation were latent and patent types. Generally,LFPs were invisible and thus the effective visualization technique necessitates for the analysis of such FPs. In the past years, many traditional visualization techniques have been employed, but suffered with low resolution, sensitivity, contrast and high background noise. To overcome such limitations, we synthesized Sm^(3+) doped CaSiO_3 nanophosphors (NPs) via an ultrasound irradiation route using mimosa pudica (m. p.)leaves extract as a bio-surfactant. The morphological behavior of the prepared samples was extensively studied by varying the concentration of the m. p. extract, ultrasound irradiation duration, pH level of the precursor solution and sonication power. The photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra exhibit characteristic peaks at～561,601 and 647 nm, which were attributed to^5G_(5/2)→~6H_J(J=5/2,7/2 and 9/2) transitions of Sm^(3+) *** Judd-Ofelt(J-O) intensity parameters and other radiative properties were estimated using PL data. The Commission International de I'Eclairage (CIE) color coordinates were positioned in orange-red region shows average correlated color temperature (CCT) value of～3576 K. The optimized samples can be used as a labeling agent for the visualization of LFPs on various porous and non-porous surfaces under normal light irradiation. The visualized FPs reveals well defined ridge characteristics, namely whorl, loop,arch, bifurcation, eye, island, bridge, sweat pores, etc, with high sensitivity, selectivity, low contrast and background hindrance. Aforementioned results evidence that the prepared CaSiO_3:Sm^(3+) NPs were promising luminescent materials for solid state lighting and forensic applications.

关键词： Ultrasonication,synthesis Photoluminescence Fingerprint Photometric properties Judd-Ofelt analysis Rare earths

Elusive workers are more likely to differentiate into replacement reproductives than aggressive workers in a lower termite

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 332-338页

作者： Zhuang-Dong Bai Chong-Yang Shi David Sillam-Dusses Rui-Wu Wang School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Laboratory of Experimental and comparative Ethology LEECUR 4443University Sorbonne Paris NordVilletaneuseFrance

One of the most intriguing questions in eusocial insects is to understand how the overt reproductive conflict in the colony appears limited when queens or kings are senescent or lost because the morphologically similar individuals in the colony are reproductively *** there are some individuals who preferentially differentiate into replacement reproductives or not has received little *** consistent individual behavioral differences(also termed“animal personality”)of individuals from the colony can shape cunningly their task and consequently affect the colony fitness but have been rarely investigated in eusocial ***,we used the termite Reticulitermes labralis to investigate if variations in individual personalities(elusiveness and aggressiveness)may predict which individuals will perform reproductive differentiation within *** observed that when we separately reared elusive and aggressive workers,elusive workers differentiate into reproductives significantly earlier than aggressive *** we reared them together in the proportions 12:3,10:5,and 8:7(aggressive workers:elusive workers),the first reproductives mostly differentiated from the elusive workers,and the reproductives differentiated from the elusive workers significantly earlier than from aggressive ***,we found that the number of workers participating in reproductive differentiation was significantly lower in the groups of both types of workers than in groups containing only elusive *** results demonstrate that the elusiveness trait was a strong predictor of workers’differentiation into replacement reproductives in ***,our results suggest that individual personalities within the insect society could play a key role in resolving the overt reproductive conflict.

关键词： consistent individual behavioral differences reproductive conflict reproductive differentiation,Reticulitermes labralis termite

Effect of Heat Treatment on Prior Grain Size and Mechanical Property of a Maraging Stainless Steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2006年第6期22卷 769-774页

Effect of the heat treatment, including solution treatment （ST） and aging treatment （AT）, on the prior austenite grain （PAG） size, microstructure and mechanical properties of a precipitation hardening maraging stainless steel was investigated. The results indicate that the relations between PAG size and yield strength （σy） under both ST and AT conditions obey the HalI-Petch relationship. Furthermore, after ST at 1050℃ for 1 h＋cryogenic treated （CT） at -70℃ for 8 h＋AT at 535℃ for 4 h, the tested steel showed its ultimate tensile strength （σb） and σy over 1900 MPa and 1750 MPa, respectively.

关键词： Martensite Microstructure Precipitation hardening Heat treatment

Orotidine Monophosphate Decarboxylase——A Fascinating Workhorse Enzyme with Therapeutic Potential

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第5期42卷 221-234页

作者： Masahiro Fujihashi Jagjeet S.Mnpotra Ram Kumar Mishra Emil F.Pai Lakshmi P.Kotra Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Department of Chemistry & biochemistry The University of North Carolina at Greensboro Center for Molecular Design and Preformulations and Toronto General Research Institute University Health Network Department of biochemistry University of Toronto Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Princess Margaret Cancer Center University Health Network Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy University of Toronto

Orotidine 5＇-monophosphate decarboxylase （ODCase） is known as one of the most proficient enzymes. The enzyme catalyzes the last reaction step of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, the conversion from orotidine 5＇-monophosphate （OMP） to uridine 5＇-mono- phosphate. The enzyme is found in all three domains of life, Bacteria, Eukarya and Archaea. Multiple sequence alignment of 750 putative ODCase sequences resulted in five distinct groups. While the universally conserved DxKxxDx motif is present in all the groups, depending on the groups, several characteristic motifs and residues can be identified. Over 200 crystal structures of ODCases have been determined so far. The structures, together with biochemical assays and computational studies, elucidated that ODCase utilized both transition state stabilization and substrate distortion to accelerate the decarboxylation of its natural substrate. Stabilization of the vinyl anion intermediate by a conserved lysine residue at the catalytic site is considered the largest contributing factor to catalysis, while bending of the carboxyl group from the plane of the aromatic pyrimidine ring of OMP accounts for substrate distortion. A number of crystal structures of ODCases complexed with potential drug candidate molecules have also been determined, including with 6-iodo- uridine, a potential antimalarial agent.

关键词： Pyrimidine biosynthesis Orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase Ligand-enzyme interactions Antimalarial agents

Novel spontaneous myelodysplastic syndrome mouse model

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第2期4卷 169-180,I0002页

作者： Weisha Li Lin Cao Mengyuan Li Xingjiu Yang Wenlong Zhang Zhiqi Song Xinpei Wang Lingyan Zhang Grant Morahan Chuan Qin Ran Gao NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease comparative Medicine Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Comparative Medicine CenterPeking Union Medical College(PUMC)BeijingChina

Background:Myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)is a group of disorders involving he-mopoietic dysfunction leading to *** recently progress has been made in identifying underlying genetic mutations,many questions still *** models of MDS have been produced by introduction of specific ***,there is no spontaneous mouse model of MDS,and an animal model to simulate natu-ral MDS pathogenesis is urgently ***:In characterizing the genetically diverse mouse strains of the Collaborative Cross(CC)we observed that one,designated JUN,had abnormal hematological *** strain was thus further analyzed for phenotypic and pathological iden-tification,comparing the changes in each cell population in peripheral blood and in bone ***:In a specific-pathogen free environment,mice of the JUN strain are rela-tively thin,with healthy ***,in a conventional environment,they become lethargic,develop wrinkled yellow hair,have loose and light stools,and are prone to *** found that the mice were cytopenic,which was due to abnor-mal differentiation of multipotent bone marrow progenitor *** are common characteristics of ***:A mouse strain,JUN,was found displaying spontaneous myelodysplas-tic *** strain has the advantage over existing models in that it develops MDS spontaneously and is more similar to human MDS than genetically modified mouse *** mice will be an important tool for pathogenesis research of MDS and for evaluation of new drugs and treatments.

关键词： myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS) spontaneous mouse model The Collaborative Cross Mice

A tentative study for the prediction of the CME related geomagnetic storm intensity and its transit time

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第6期48卷 648-668页

作者： ZHAO Xinhua1,2 & FENG Xueshang1,3 1. SIGMA Weather group, Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Re-search, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 2. graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 3. School of Geophysics and Geoinformation Systems, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China SIGMA Weather group Key Laboratory of Space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Geophysics and Geoinformation Systems China University of Geosciences Beijing China

Using 80 CME-ICME events during 1997.1―2002.9, based on the eruptive source locations of CMEs and solar magnetic field observation at the photosphere, a current sheet magnetic coordinate (CMC) system is established in order to study the propagation of CME and its geoeffectiveness. In context of this coordinate system, the effect of the eruptive source location and the form of heliospheric current sheet (HCS) at the eruptive time of CME on the geomagnetic storm intensity caused by CME and the CME’s transit time at the Earth is investigated in detail. Our preliminary conclusions are: 1) The geomagnetic disturbances caused by CMEs tend to have the so-called “same side-opposite side effect”, i.e. CMEs erupt from the same side of the HCS as the earth would be more likely to arrive at the earth and the geomagnetic disturbances associated with them tend to be of larger magnitude, while CMEs erupting from the opposite side would arrive at the earth with less probability and the corresponding geomagnetic disturbance magnitudes would be relatively weaker. 2) The angular separation between the earth and the HCS affect the corresponding disturbance intensity. That is, when our earth is located near the HCS, adverse space weather events occur most probably. 3) The erupting location of the CME and its nearby form of HCS will also affect its arrival time at the earth. According to these conclusions, in this context of CMC coordinate we arrive at new prediction method for estimating the geomagnetic storm intensity (Dstmin) caused by CMEs and their transit times. The application of the empirical model for 80 CME-ICME events shows that the relative error of Dst is within 30% for 59% events with Dstmin≤?50 nT, while the averaged absolute error of transit time is lower than 10 h for all events.

关键词： coronal mass ejections, current sheet magnetic coordinate system, geomagnetic storm intensity, transit time, prediction method.

Historical development of mesenteric anatomy provides a universally applicable anatomic paradigm for complete/total mesocolic excision

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第4期2卷 245-250页

作者： Rishabh Sehgal J.Calvin Coffey Centre for Interventions in Infection Inflammation and Immunity(4i)Graduate Entry Medical SchoolUniversity of LimerickIreland Department of Surgery University Hospitals Group LimerickLimerickIreland

Although total mesorectal excision has now become the‘gold standard’for the surgical management of rectal cancer,this is not so for colon *** data,provided by Hohenberger and West et *** others,have demonstrated excellent oncological outcomes when mesenterectomy is extensive(as is implicit in the concept of a‘high tie’)and the mesenteric package not *** studies highlight the importance of understanding the basics of the mesenteric organ(including the small intestinal mesentery,mesocolon,mesosigmoid and mesorectum)and of abiding to principles of planar *** this review,we first offer classic descriptions of the mesocolon and then detail contemporary *** so doing,we provide an anatomical basis for safe and effective complete mesocolic excision(CME)in the management of colon *** we list opportunities associated with the new anatomical paradigm,demonstrating benefits across multiple *** most importantly,we feel that a crystallized view of mesenteric anatomy will overcome factors that have hindered the general uptake of CME.

关键词： mesocolon mesenteric excision complete mesocolic excision Toldt’s fascia

Evolution of neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and their receptors

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Zoological Research 2012年第S3期33卷 I0013-I0019页

作者： Zhiheng GOU Xiao WANG Wen WANG CAS-Max Planck Junior Research group State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and EvolutionKunming Institute of Zoologythe Chinese Academy ofSciences(CAS)Kunming 650223China graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA） and glutamate are two important amino acid neurotransmitters widely present in the nervous systems of mammals, insects, round worm, and platyhelminths, while their receptors are quite diversified across different animal phyla. However, the evolutionary mechanisms between the two conserved neurotransmitters and their diversified receptors remain elusive, and antagonistic interactions between GABA and glutamate signal transduction systems, in particular, have began to attract significant attention. In this review, we summarize the extant results on the origin and evolution of GABA and glutamate, as well as their receptors, and analyze possible evolutionary processes and phylogenetic relationships of various GABAs and glutamate receptors. We further discuss the evolutionary history of Excitatory/Neutral Amino Acid Transporter （EAAT）, a transport protein, which plays an important role in the GABA-glutamate ＂yin and yang＂ balanced regulation. Finally, based on current advances, we propose several potential directions of future research.

关键词： Gamma-aminobutyric acid Glutamate Neurotransmitter Receptor Evolution Yin and yang regulation