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Quantification and distribution of extractable metals of MSWI bottom ash in view of its valorization in China

Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2022年第3期4卷 169-178页

作者： Yanjun Hu Lingqin Zhao Qianqian Guo Lianming Li Yihong Wang Yufan Ye Fuzhi Mao Wangyang Tian Institute of Thermal and power Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyLiuhe Road 28#HangZhou310023China Jiaxing New Jies Heat&power company Limited Qiumao Road 55#Jiaxing314016China Zhejiang Eco Environmental technology company Limited Qufu Road 1188#Huzhou313000China

Metal recovery from bottom ash was deemed to be significant to achieve a higher stability of bottom ash and recycle valuable extractable *** China,the existing rugged industrial production ignores the actual metal distribution and thus fails to exploit the utilization potential of recoverable metals in bottom *** on these findings,this work was proposed to obtain a comprehensive and in-depth study on the recoverability of metals in bottom ***,the particle size distribution and elemental composition of the bottom ash were ***,complete information on the recoverable metals in bottom ash fractions with different sizes was obtained by washing,sorting,crushing,density separation and XRF(X Ray Fluorescence)*** results showed that the smaller than 5 mm fraction accounted for up to 60%of the bottom ash,and the 5–20 mm fractions accounted for about 15%.The material characterization revealed that the contents of recoverable Fe,stainless steel,Al and Cu in bottom ash were averagely 9.01%,0.136%,0.78%and 0.08%,*** 50%of Fe,68%of Al,61%of Cu,and 22%of stainless steel were distributed in smaller than 10 mm ***,Fe was evenly distributed among 0–2 mm,2–5 mm,5–10 mm fractions,and the content was between 5.41%and 7.5%.Non-magnetic stainless steel was mainly distributed in 20–40 mm and larger than 40 mm *** highest share of Al was present in the fractions between 5 mm and 20 mm,accounting for 48%of the total *** 45.6%of the Cu was enriched in the 5–10 mm ***,the Zn content was less than 0.01%.This work provides an in-depth understanding and information on metal recovery as well as promisingly guide ash utilization.

关键词： Municipal solid waste incineration Bottom ash Extractable metals Particle size

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Dynamic spot tracking system based on 2D galvanometer in free space optical communication for short distance

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2017年第2期10卷 174-179页

作者： Qingshan JIANG Ciling ZENG Fengqiang GU Ming ZHAO School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China State Grid Hunan Electric power company Changsha 410007 China Beijing Kedong power Control System Co Ltd Beijing 100192 China

Dynamic tracking of laser spot is a key process in the establishment of free space optical communication. In this paper, a dynamic tracking system was presented. In this system, a two-dimensional （2D） galvanometer was used to change the angle of the optical axis of the incident beam at a certain scanning frequency as optical signal jitter simulator, and another galvanometer was used to track the jitter with quadrant detector （QD） and data processing module to acquire the position information of laser spot. Results indicated that the tracking accuracy of this system mainly composed of 2D galvanometer was as high as 27,8 ~rad, and its linear deviation was less than 0.013. The system could still keep the dynamic tracking of the spot stable when the jitter frequency of the optical signal was less than 1000 Hz. Those results suggested that this system could be suitable for the short distance in free space communication due to its simple structure, easy to control and low cost compared with conventional system.

关键词： free space optical communication dynamictracking optical signal jitter two-dimensional (2D) galvan-ometer

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Optimal Scheduling for Flexible Regional Integrated Energy Systemwith Soft Open Point

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第5期131卷 1101-1123页

作者： Wen Xu Dongdong Ren Biyi Yi Haoqing Zhen Youbing Zhang Xuesong Zhang Zhejiang Huayun Electric power Engineering Design&Consulting Co. Ltd.Hangzhou310026China College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Electric power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric power company Hangzhou310014China

The Regional Integrated Energy System(RIES)has brought new modes of development,utilization,conversion,storage of *** introduction of Soft Open Point(SOP)and the application of power to Gas(P2G)technology will greatly deepen the coupling of the electricity-gas integrated energy system,improve the flexibility and safety of the operation of the power system,and bring a deal of benefits to the power *** this background,an optimal dispatch model of RIES combined cold,heat,gas and electricity with SOP is ***,RIES architecture with SOP and P2G is designed and its mathematical model also is ***,on the basis of considering the optimal scheduling of combined cold,heat,gas and electricity,the optimal scheduling model for RIES was *** that,the original model is transformed into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming model by using linearization and second-order cone relaxation techniques,and the CPLEX solver is invoked to solve the optimization ***,the modified IEEE 33-bus systemis used to analyze the benefits of SOP,P2G technology and lithium bromide absorption chillers in reducing systemnetwork loss and cost,as well as improving the system’s ability to absorb wind and solar and operating safety.

关键词： Regional integrated energy system power to gas soft open point wind and photovoltaic power permeation lithium bromide chiller operating cost

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Distributed Real-time Optimal power Flow Strategy for DC Microgrid Under Stochastic communication Networks

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第5期11卷 1585-1595页

作者： Jian Hu Hao Ma power Dispatching Control Center Nanjing Power Supply CompanyState Grid Corporation of ChinaNanjing 210019China School of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

This paper addresses a distributed real-time optimal power flow(RTOPF) strategy for DC microgrids. In this paper, we focus on the scenarios where local information sharing is conducted in stochastic communication networks subject to random failures. Most existing real-time optimal power flow(OPF) algorithms for the DC microgrid require all controllers to work in concert with a fixed network topology to maintain a zero gap between estimated global constraint violations. Thus, the high reliability of communication is required to ensure their convergence. To address this issue, the proposed RTOPF strategy tolerates stochastic communication failures and can seek the optimum with a constant step size considering the operation limitations of the microgrid. These aspects make the strategy suitable for real-time optimization, particularly when the communication is not reliable. In addition, this strategy does not require information from non-dispatchable devices, thereby reducing the number of sensors and controllers in the system. The convergence of the proposed strategy and the optimal equilibrium points are theoretically proven. Finally, simulations of a 30-bus DC microgrid are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed designs.

关键词： DC microgrid distributed optimization stochastic communication network consensus algorithm

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Research on operation and management muti-node model of mega city energy Internet

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Global Energy Interconnection 2018年第2期1卷 130-136页

作者： Cheng Yao Zhang Zhang Jiancheng Yu Wei Feng Changxin Zhou Yiming Han State Grid Tianjin Electric power company State Grid Tianjin Electric power Economics technology Research Institute Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

This paper conducts comprehensive analysis about operational characteristics, market value, stakeholders, and operating modes of a megacity energy Internet. An innovating 'one platform, two centers, and multiple nodes' operation management model is proposed. The study provides an in-depth explanation of the new operation and management model of the connotation and logical relationship. Building a comprehensive energy service platform, developing an integrated energy dispatch center, a market trading service center, communication, and other parts of the system needed to achieve benefits for all parties is including in the discussion. The proposed new model of operation and management has important guiding significance and reference for the development and construction of energy Internets in megacities.

关键词： Energy Internet Mega city Operation and management mode Integrated energy service platform

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Optimal Decomposition of Stochastic Dispatch Schedule for Renewable Energy Cluster

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第4期9卷 711-719页

作者： Yue Yang Wenchuan Wu Bin Wang Mingjie Li Tao Zhu State Key Laboratory of power Systems Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Electric power Control Center of State Grid Corporation of China BeijingChina Kunming Electric power Supply company of Yunnan power Grid Corporation KunmingChina

The correlated renewable energy farms are usually aggregated as a cluster in economic dispatch to relieve computational *** strategy can also achieve better performance since the precision of predicting the power generation of a cluster can be higher than those of individual *** paper proposes an optimal decomposition method to allocate dispatch schedules among renewable energy farms(REFs)in the cluster under existing stochastic optimization *** proposed model takes advantage of probabilistic characteristics of renewable generation to minimize the curtailment and ensure the feasibility of dispatch schedule of the *** tractable formulation and efficient solution method are the proposed to solve the proposed *** tests show that the proposed method achieves the optimal decomposition of dispatch schedule among REFs and facilitates the utilization of renewable generation.

关键词： Renewable energy stochastic optimization economic dispatch decomposition of dispatch schedule

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A Missing power Data Filling Method Based on Improved Random Forest Algorithm

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2019年第4期5卷 33-39页

作者： Wei Deng Yixiu Guo Jie Liu Yong Li Dingguo Liu Liang Zhu State Grid Hunan power company Limited Research Institute Changsha 410007China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Grid Hunan Electric power company Limited Changsha 410004China

Missing data filling is a key step in power big data preprocessing,which helps to improve the quality and the utilization of electric power *** to the limitations of the traditional methods of filling missing data,an improved random forest filling algorithm is *** a result of the horizontal and vertical directions of the electric power data are based on the characteristics of time ***,the method of improved random forest filling missing data combines the methods of linear interpolation,matrix combination and matrix transposition to solve the problem of filling large amount of electric power missing *** filling results show that the improved random forest filling algorithm is applicable to filling electric power data in various missing ***’s more,the accuracy of the filling results is high and the stability of the model is strong,which is beneficial in improving the quality of electric power data.

关键词： Big data cleaning missing data filling data preprocessing random forest data quality

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Demand-side Management Based on Model Predictive Control in Distribution Network for Smoothing Distributed Photovoltaic power Fluctuations

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第5期10卷 1326-1336页

作者： Jian Xu Haobo Fu Siyang Liao Boyu Xie Deping Ke Yuanzhang Sun Xiong Li Xiaotao Peng IEEE School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China power Dispatching and Control Center of State Grid Jibei Electric power company Limited Bejing 100054China

With the rapid increase of distributed photovoltaic(PV) power integrating into the distribution network(DN), the critical issues such as PV power curtailment and low equipment utilization rate have been caused by PV power fluctuations. DN has less controllable equipment to manage the PV power fluctuation. To smooth the power fluctuations and further improve the utilization of PV, the regulation ability from the demandside needs to be excavated. This study presents a continuous control method of the feeder load power in a DN based on the voltage regulation to respond to the rapid fluctuation of the PV power output. PV power fluctuations will be directly reflected in the point of common coupling(PCC), and the power fluctuation rate of PCCs is an important standard of PV ***, a demand-side management strategy based on model predictive control(MPC) to mitigate the PCC power fluctuation is proposed. In pre-scheduling, the intraday optimization model is established to solve the reference power of PCC. In real-time control, the pre-scheduling results and MPC are used for the rolling optimization to control the feeder load demand. Finally,the data from the field measurements in Guangzhou, China are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in smoothing fluctuations of the distributed PV power.

关键词： Demand-side management multi-time-scale optimization power fluctuation smoothing load control model predictive control(MPC)

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Multi-agent-based Rolling Optimization Method for Restoration Scheduling of Distribution Systems with Distributed Generation

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第4期8卷 737-749页

作者： Donghan Feng Fan Wu Yun Zhou Usama Rahman Xiaojin Zhao Chen Fang IEEE Key Laboratory of Control of power Transmission and Conversion of the Ministry of Education Department of Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Electric power Research Institute State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power CompanyShanghaiChina

Resilience against major disasters is the most essential characteristic of future electrical distribution systems(EDSs).A multi-agent-based rolling optimization method for EDS restoration scheduling is proposed in this *** a blackout occurs,considering the risk of losing the centralized authority due to the failure of the common core communication network,the available agents after disasters or cyber-attacks identify the communication-connected parts(CCPs)in the EDS with distributed communication.A multi-time interval optimization model is formulated and solved by the agents for the restoration scheduling of a CCP.A rolling optimization process for the entire EDS restoration is *** the scheduling/rescheduling in the rolling process,CCPs in EDS are re-identified and the restoration schedules for CCPs are *** decentralized decision-making and rolling optimization,EDS restoration scheduling can automatically start and periodically update itself,providing an effective solution for EDS restoration scheduling in a blackout event.A modified IEEE123-bus EDS is utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Electrical distribution system restoration scheduling multi-agent system rolling optimization

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Comprehensive review of modeling,structure,and integration techniques of smart buildings in the cyber-physical-social system

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第1期16卷 74-94页

作者： Kai GONG Jianlin YANG Xu WANG Chuanwen JIANG Zhan XIONG Ming ZHANG Mingxing GUO Ran LV Su WANG Shenxi ZHANG Key Laboratory of Control of power Transmission and Conversion of the Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State power Investment Corporation Limited Wind power Innovation Center Shanghai 201100China State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric power company Shanghai 201100China

Smart buildings have been proven to be a kind of flexible demand response resources in the power *** maximize the utilization of the demand response resources,such as the heating,ventilating and air-conditioning(HVAC),the energy storage systems(ESSs),the plug-in electric vehicles(PEVs),and the photovoltaic systems(PVs),their controlling,operation and information communication technologies have been widely *** human behaviors and cyber space,a traditional power system evolves into a cyberphysical-social system(CPSS).Lots of new operation frameworks,controlling methods and potential resources integration techniques will be ***,these new techniques urge the reforming requirement of the techniques on the modeling,structure,and integration techniques of smart *** this paper,a brief comprehensive survey of the modeling,controlling,and operation of smart buildings is ***,a novel CPSS-based smart building operation structure is proposed,and the integration techniques for the group of smart buildings are ***,available busi-ness models for aggregating the smart buildings are ***,the required advanced technologies for well-developed smart buildings are outlined.

关键词： smart buildings cyber-physical-social-sys-tem optimization modeling demand response virtual power plant

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