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Suprathreshold compound action potential amplitude as a measure of auditory function in cochlear implant users

Journal of Otology 2017年第1期12卷 18-28页

作者： Rachel A.Scheperle Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Iowa Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Montclair State University

Electrically evoked compound action potential(e CAP) amplitudes elicited at suprathreshold levels were assessed as a measure of the effectiveness of cochlear implant(CI) stimulation. Twenty-one individuals participated; one was excluded due to facial stimulation during e CAP testing. For each participant, e CAPs were elicited with stimulation from seven electrodes near the upper limit of the individual's electrical dynamic range. A reduced-channel CI program was created using those same seven electrodes, and participants performed a vowel discrimination task. Consistent with previous reports, e CAP amplitudes varied across tested electrodes; the profiles were unique to each individual. In 6subjects(30%), e CAP amplitude variability was partially explained by the impedance of the recording electrode. The remaining amplitude variability within subjects, and the variability observed across subjects could not be explained by recording electrode impedance. This implies that other underlying factors, such as variations in neural status across the array, are responsible. Across-site mean e CAP amplitude was significantly correlated with vowel discrimination scores(r^2= 0.56). A single e CAP amplitude measured from the middle of the array was also significantly correlated with vowel discrimination, but the correlation was weaker(r^2= 0.37), though not statistically different from the acrosssite mean. Normalizing each e CAP amplitude by its associated recording electrode impedance did not improve the correlation with vowel discrimination(r^2= 0.52). Further work is needed to assess whether combining e CAP amplitude with other measures of the electrode-neural interface and/or with more central measures of auditory function provides a more complete picture of auditory function in CI recipients.

关键词： Cochlear implant Compound action potential Suprathreshold amplitude

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Speech perception in noise:Masking and unmasking

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Journal of Otology 2021年第2期16卷 109-119页

作者： Xianhui Wang Li Xu Communication Sciences and Disorders Ohio UniversityAthensOH45701USA

Speech perception is essential for daily communication.Background noise or concurrent talkers,on the other hand,can make it challenging for listeners to track the target speech(i.e.,cocktail party problem).The present study reviews and compares existing findings on speech perception and unmasking in cocktail party listening environments in English and Mandarin Chinese.The review starts with an introduction section followed by related concepts of auditory masking.The next two sections review factors that release speech perception from masking in English and Mandarin Chinese,respectively.The last section presents an overall summary of the findings with comparisons between the two languages.Future research directions with respect to the difference in literature on the reviewed topic between the two languages are also discussed.

关键词： Speech perception Auditory masking Speech unmasking Cocktail party problems Mandarin Chinese

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The portrayal of hearing loss information in online Mandarin videos

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Journal of Otology 2023年第3期18卷 152-159页

作者： Chandan H.Suresh Kiara Leng Nilesh J.Washnik Satyabrata Parida Department of communication disorders California State UniversityLos AngelesUSA Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Ohio UniversityAthensOHUSA Department of Neurobiology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA

Background/purpose:With increasing accessibility to the Internet,patients frequently use the Internet for hearing healthcare information.No study has examined the information about hearing loss available in the Mandarin language on online video-sharing platforms.The study’s primary purpose is to investigate the content,source,understandability,and actionability of hearing loss information in the Mandarin language’s one hundred most popular online videos.Method:In this project,publicly accessible online videos were analyzed.One hundred of the most popular Mandarin-language videos about hearing loss were identified(51 videos on YouTube and 49 on the Bilibili video-sharing platform).They were manually coded for different popularity metrics,sources,and content.Each video was also rated using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials(PEMAT-AV)to measure the understandability and actionability scores.Results:The video sources were classified as either media(n=36),professional(n=39),or consumer(n=25).The videos covered various topics,including symptoms,consequences,and treatment of hearing loss.Overall,videos attained adequate understandability scores(mean=73.6%)but low(mean=43.4%)actionability scores.Conclusions:While existing online content related to hearing loss is quite diverse and largely understandable,those videos provide limited actionable information.Hearing healthcare professionals,media,and content creators can help patients better understand their conditions and make educated hearing healthcare decisions by focusing on the actionability information in their online videos.

关键词： Hearing loss YouTube BiliBili Internet health information Social media

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Auditory perceptual efficacy of nonlinear frequency compression used in hearing aids:A review

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Journal of Otology 2017年第3期12卷 97-111页

作者： Yitao Mao Jing Yang Emily Hahn Li Xu Department of Radiology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Communication Sciences and Disorders Ohio University Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Central Arkansas

Many patients with sensorineural hearing loss have a precipitous high-frequency loss with relatively good thresholds in the low frequencies.This present paper briefly introduces and compares the basic principles of four types of frequency lowering algorithms with emphasis on nonlinear frequency compression(NLFC). A review of the effects of the NLFC algorithm on speech and music perception and sound quality appraisal is then provided. For vowel perception, it seems that the benefits provided by NLFC are limited, which are probably related to the parameter settings of the compression. For consonant perception, several studies have shown that NLFC provides improved perception of highfrequency consonants such as/s/and/z/. However, a few other studies have demonstrated negative results in consonant perception. In terms of sentence recognition, persistent use of NLFC might provide improved performance. Compared to the conventional processing, NLFC does not alter the speech sound quality appraisal and music perception as long as the compression setting is not too aggressive. In the subsequent section,the relevant factors with regard to NLFC settings, time-course of acclimatization, listener characteristics, and perceptual tasks are discussed.Although the literature shows mixed results on the perceptual efficacy of NLFC, this technique improved certain aspects of speech understanding in certain hearing-impaired listeners. Little research is available on speech perception outcomes in languages other than English. More clinical data are needed to verify the perceptual efficacy of NLFC in patients with precipitous high-frequency hearing loss. Such knowledge will help guide clinical rehabilitation of those patients.

关键词： Nonlinear frequency compression Hearing loss Hearing aids Speech perception Music perception

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Verification and validation of hearing aids:Opportunity not an obstacle

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Journal of Otology 2016年第2期11卷 57-62页

作者： Lindsey E.Jorgensen University of South Dakota Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders

Verification and validation are objective and subjective measurements of hearing aid function. Many studies have provided rationales for performing these measurements as necessary for hearing aid practitioners to provide the highest level of care. Several researchers have suggested that completing these measurements as part of routine clinical care will reduce the number of return visits, reduce the number of aids returned for credit, and increase patient satisfaction. The purpose of this review article is to provide background, method and rationale for practitioners to use these measurements to improve their practice of hearing healthcare.

关键词： Hearing aids Verification Real-ear measurements Probe-microphone measurements Satisfaction

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Speech,language,and hearing function in twins with Alport syndrome:A seven-year retrospective case report

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Journal of Otology 2017年第2期12卷 86-96页

作者： Ramesh Kaipa Hannah Tether Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Oklahoma State UniversityUnited States

Alport syndrome is an X-linked syndrome that results in nephritis, renal failure, sensorineural hearing loss, and eye deficits. As a result of sensorineural hearing loss, these individuals are likely to experience difficulties in the area of speech and language. While studies in the past have examined the speech and language characteristics of children with syndromic sensorineural hearing loss, to our knowledge there are no previous studies to have documented the speech and language characteristics of these children on a long-term basis. The current study addresses this limitation by reporting speech, language, hearing, and function of twin brothers with X-linked Alport syndrome across a seven-year period.Information was collected by examining the medical records of the participants as well as through a verbal interview with the participants' guardian. Results revealed that the participants' hearing abilities gradually deteriorated over the seven-year period which affected their speech and language development as well. The kidney function tests revealed significant presence of hematuria(blood in the urine) as well as proteinuria(protein in the urine) suggesting chronic kidney dysfunction. This longitudinal study demonstrates the functional relationship between the kidneys and the cochlea, although they appear to be independent of one another. As individuals with Alport syndrome exhibit systemic complications, interdisciplinary collaboration is essential among health care providers including audiologists, speech-language pathologists,nephrologists, and ophthalmologist to promote evidence-based practice.

关键词： Alport syndrome Hearing loss Speech and language development Kidney function

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DURATION AND AMPLITUDE OF TONE PRODUCTION IN CHILDREN WITH COCHLEAR IMPLANTS

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中国语音学报 2020年第2期 50-58页

作者： YANG Jing XU Li the Department of Communication Sciences and Disordersat the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee the Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders at Ohio University

The purpose of the present study was two-fold:(1)to examine whether Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants(CIs)show distinctive durational and amplitude features for the four lexical tones in their tone production;(2)to compare the durational and amplitude patterns of Mandarin lexical tones in monosyllables produced in citation form by children with CIs with those by age-matched normal-hearing(NH)children.The participants included 14 prelingually deafened Mandarin-speaking children with CIs and 14 NH children,all aged between 2.9 and 8.3 years old.Each participant produced five CV syllables(fa/fa/,fu/fu/,pi/phi/,xu/y/,ke/kh/)in four tones through a tone drill activity.The vowel duration and root-mean-squared amplitude values at nine equidistant time locations over the vowel duration were obtained.The results revealed that the children with CIs produced distinctive durational and amplitude features for the four lexical tones.Their durational pattern and amplitude contours were highly similar to the NH children on tones 1,2 and 4 but differed from the NH children on tone 3.These findings suggested that the children with CIs may utilize the secondary features of tone duration and amplitude to realize tonal differences.

关键词： Cochlear implants Mandarin-speaking children Tone duration Tone amplitude

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Mental Health of Persons with Aphasia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Opportunities for Addressing Emotional Distress

Mental Health of Persons with Aphasia during the COVID-19 Pa...

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作者： Anthony Pak-Hin Kong School of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Central Florida

Aphasia refers to the acquired language deficits, most commonly caused by a stroke, that affect one’s verbal understanding, oral expression, reading, and writing. Approximately 31% of stroke survivors exhibit depression or some depressive symptoms that can impede functional recovery. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many reports have discussed its psychological and mental impacts on different people worldwide, including both unimpaired individuals and those with chronic illnesses or medical conditions. At present, relatively little has been published on the topic of mental health changes, distress, and/or concerns among persons with aphasia（PWA）.Nevertheless, the current evidence reported thus far suggested that PWA had equally suffered from emotional symptoms as a result of the coronavirus outbreak, similar to other disorder populations. With reference to recent reports,the challenges posed to management of aphasia are summarized. Some potential opportunities to address PWA’s needs, with an emphasis on their emotional distress, amid and after the pandemic are proposed and discussed.

关键词： COVID-19 Aphasia Mental Health Emotional Distress Well-Being

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Current trends in outcome studies for children with hearing loss and the need to establish a comprehensive framework of measuring outcomes in children with hearing loss in China

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Journal of Otology 2016年第2期11卷 43-56页

作者： Xueman Liu University of Texas at Dallas Communication Sciences and Disorders Bethel Hearing and Speaking Training Center Research and DevelopmentUnited States

Since the 1970s, outcome studies for children with hearing loss expanded from focusing on assessing auditory awareness and speech perception skills to evaluating language and speech development. Since the early 2000s, the multi-center large scale research systematically studied outcomes in the areas of auditory awareness, speech-perception, language development, speech development, educational achievements, cognitive development, and psychosocial development. These studies advocated the establishment of baseline and regular follow-up evaluations with a comprehensive framework centered on language development. Recent research interests also include understanding the vast differences in outcomes for children with hearing loss, understanding the relationships between neurocognitive development and language acquisition in children with hearing loss, and using outcome studies to guide evidence-based clinical practice. After the establishment of standardized Mandarin language assessments, outcomes research in China's Mainland has the potential to expand beyond auditory awareness and speech perception studies.

关键词： Outcome assessment Language assessment Mandarin Standardized assessment Hearing impaired children

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Age predicts the absence of caloric-induced vertigo

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Journal of Otology 2018年第1期13卷 5-9页

作者： Gary P.Jacobson Erin G.Piker Sarah L.Grantham Lauren N.English Department of Hearing and Speech sciences Divisions of Audiology and Vestibular Sciences Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders James Madison University Harrisonburg VA USA

Introduction: The absence of vertigo during the caloric test, despite a robust response, has been suggested to represent a central vestibular system phenomenon. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of absent caloric-induced vertigo perception in an unselected group of patients and to assess possible predicting variables.Methods: Prospective investigation of 92 unselected patients who underwent caloric testing. Inclusion criteria were that each patient generate a maximum slow phase velocity(maxSPV) > 15 deg/sec and a caloric asymmetry of≤10%. Following the caloric, patients were asked, "Did you have any sensation of motion?"Results: Results showed 75% of patients reported motion with a mean age of 56.51 years compared to a mean age of 66.55 in the 25% of patients reporting an absence of motion. A logistic regression was performed and the overall model was statistically significant accounting for 29% of the variance in caloric perception. The significant predictor variables were patient age and maxSPV of the caloric response. The effect size for both variables was small with an odds ratio of.9 for maxSPV and 1.06 for age.Conclusions: The current investigation showed that both age and maxSPV of the caloric response were significant predictors of vertigo perception during the caloric exam. However, the association between age and caloric perception is not conclusive. Although there is evidence to suggest that these findings represent age-related changes in the central processing of vestibular system stimulation, there are additional unmeasured factors that influence the perception of caloric-induced vertigo.

关键词： Vestibular Vertigo Central processing Caloric test Aging

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