检索结果-南通市图书馆

Entomologia Sinica 2004年第1期11卷 27-35页

作者： Jun-xiangWu FengYuan collegeofplantprotection NorthwestSci-TechUniversityofAgricultureandForestryYanglingShaanxi712100China

The glycerol contents in diapause larvae of the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Gehin), collected from various seasons, were measured. The results showed that there was less glycerol content in larvae during living on the wheat head. Content of glycerol began to increase significantly when the larvae left the wheat head and entered the soil. A change trend of upper- lower- upper- lower in larvae glycerol contents during diapause in soil was observed from June to April of next year. More glycerol could be examined in larvae collected in summer and winter than in spring and autumn. There was not more glycerol in cocooned larvae than that in non-cocooned larvae during various seasons from the point of statistics. Comparing the glycerol content of larvae being diapause in the first year with that of larvae in the second year, there was yet no obvious difference when larvae were collected in the same season belonged to different years. Therefore, it is shown that the content of glycerol in larvae of the wheat midge in diapause is affected mainly by the seasons or diapause intensity.

关键词：小麦吸浆虫滞育甘油幼虫季节

THE ROLES OF DETOXIFYING ENZYMES AND AChE INSENSITIVITY IN METHAMIDOPHOS RESISTANCE DEVELOPMENT AND DECLINE IN NILAPARVATA LUGENS

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Entomologia Sinica 2003年第3期10卷 179-184页

作者： Ze-wenLiu Zhao-junHan Ling-chunZhang KeyLabofMonitoringandManagementofPlantDiseaseandInsects MinistryofAgricultureNanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095China collegeofplantprotection NanjingAgriculturalUniversity210095

Methamidophos resistance of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal, BPH) was selected in laboratory. After successive selection for 9 generations, the selection was ceased by rearing BPH without contact with any insecticide for 9 generations. In the full course, the successive changes of esterase activity, MFO activity, GSTs activity and AChE insensitivity were analyzed. The results showed that the change of esterase activity was high correlated with that of methamidophos in the full course, which indicated that esterase played very important role both in the resistance development and in the resistance decline. However, the change of AChE insensitivity only significantly correlated with that of resistance in the development stage, and the change of MFO activity or GSTs activity only significantly correlated with that of the resistance in the decline stage, which indicated the changes of AChE insensitivity, MFO activity or GSTs activity only played some roles in different stages of the resistance change.

关键词：解毒酶瞬间疼痛镇痛作用抑制减弱

Environmental Efficiency Analysis of China’s Vegetable Production

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2005年第1期18卷 21-30页

作者： TAOZHANG BAO-DIXUE JiangsuInstituteforIndustrialEconomicsResearch NanjingUniversityofFinanceandEconomicsNanjing210003JiangsuChina collegeofplantprotection NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095JiangsuChina

To analyze and estimate the environmental efficiency of China’s vegetable production. Methods The stochastic translog frontier model was used to estimate the technical efficiency of vegetable production. Based on the estimated frontier and technical inefficiency levels, we used the method developed by Reinhard, et al.[1] to estimate the environmental efficiency. Pesticide and chemical fertilizer inputs were treated as environmentally detrimental inputs. Results From estimated results, the mean environmental efficiency for pesticide input was 69.7%, indicating a great potential for reducing pesticide use in China’s vegetable production. In addition, substitution and output elasticities for vegetable farms were estimated to provide farmers with helpful information on how to reallocate input resources and improve efficiency. Conclusion There exists a great potential for reducing pesticide use in China’s vegetable production.

关键词： Vegetable production Stochastic translog frontier Environmental efficiency Elasticities

Construction of engineering Trichoderma strains and their characteristics against tomato gray mold

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版） 2004年第4期30卷 419-420页

作者： LIUXian ZHUANGJing-hua GAOZeng-gui YANGChang-cheng CHENJie TheKeyLaboratoryofNorthernCropImmunology MinistryofAgricultureCollegeofPlantProtectionShenyangAgriculturalUniversity120DonglingRoadShenyang110161China

The transformed Trichoderma strains Ttrm31, Ttrm34 and Ttrm55 were obtained from Trichoderma wild strain T21 mutated by REMI technique for more effective biocontrol of tomato gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) with Trichoderma agent. Those transformants appeared much better in biocontrol activity in vitro or in vivo against tomato gray mold were better than that of wild strain T21. The main results were as follow: The transformed Trichoderma strains were detected in their genetic stability by consecutive culture for several generations, growing them on hygromycin-contained medium, and then further detection by PCR. The results showed that the REMI was very useful to construct the transformed Trichoderma strains even though some non-transformants concurrently appeared with positive reaction, but which could be distinguished and avoided by southern blotting. The biological characteristics of transformed Trichoderma strains varied among themselves or differed in parts as compared with wild one. Much changes were detected in the conidia germination, sporulation, tolerance to high-temperature, growth at a certain range of temperature, cultural characteristics under different pH condition as well as utilization of carbon and nitrogen nutrition. Some transformants performed better in the most of mentioned characteristics compared with wild one, others not. For example, conidia germination of strain Ttrm31 was higher than that of wild strain T21. Conidia productivity of Ttrm34 was higher than that of wild strain T21. As the tolerance to high-temperature, Ttrm31 and Ttrm34 were enhanced remarkably relative to wild strain. Meanwhile, it was interested that the growth of transformed Trichoderma strains improved much once treated under high-temperature (50℃) for 1 h. Differently, Ttrm55 grew faster at low-temperature (15℃) ,Ttrm31,Ttrm34 and Ttrm55 grew fast as the wild one at 20-30℃. The transformed Trichoderma strains differed in cultural morphology including color and sporulation

关键词：番茄灰霉病抗病性木霉属真菌工程菌株

HOST PLANT PREFERENCES OF BEMISIA TABACI GENNADIUS

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Entomologia Sinica 2003年第2期10卷 109-114页

作者： JINGYing HUANGJian MARui-yan HANJu-cai CollegeofAgriculture ShanxiAgricultureUniversityTaiguShanxi030801China collegeofplantprotection FujianAgricultureandForestryUniversityFuzhouFujian350002China

The preferences of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius for five host plants:poinsettia, tomato, cabbage,sweet potato and flowering Chinese cabbage, was tested using a Y-tube olfactometer and a desiccator in the labo-ratory. The results show that B. tabaci adults were attracted by the odors of the five plants. The order of prefer-ence was poinsettia > flowering Chinese cabbage > sweet potato > cabbage > tomato. Preference was extremely sig-nificant between poinsettia and the other four plants, and between flowering Chinese cabbage, cabbage and toma-to. There was no significant difference in preference for flowering Chinese cabbage and sweet potato, sweet pota-to, cabbage and tomato or between cabbage and tomato.

关键词：烟粉虱寄主植物定向行为引诱作用

Ultrastructure of Slow-Rusting Expression of Wheat to Stripe Rust

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第6期4卷 443-448页

作者： MAQing SHANGHong-sheng QIANGLei XIEFang-qin SUNHui collegeofplantprotection NorthwestA＆FUniversityYangling712100P.R.China

The ultrastructure of wheat cultivars with slow-rusting resistance expression to the stripe rust, Puccinia striiformis, wasstudied through TEM. The results show that slow-rusting has the same hypersensitive response characters with the lowinfection type resistance, but the mesophyll cell necrotized less in number, thereby only partially inhibiting the extensionof rust fungus, and the fungus being inhibited and necrosed slighter in degree. Apart from the occurrence ofhypersensitiveness, the response of the host cells in slow-rusting wheat cultivars to the infection of fungus also producesstructural materials associated with defense reaction, but distinctly less than that in resistant cultivar. Thus, it is suggestedthat the slow-rusting resistance might have a similar mechanism with the low infection type resistance of race specificity,but with lower intensity.

关键词： Wheat Puccinia striiformis Slow-rusting Resistance Ultrastructure

Advances in Localization and Molecular Markers of Wheat Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2004年第10期3卷 770-779页

作者： YANGWen-xiang LIUDa-qun DepartmentofPlantPathology CollegeofPlantProtectionHebeiAgriculturalUniversity~BiologicalControlCentreofPlantPathogensandPlantPestsofHebeiProvinceBaoding071001P.R.China

Genetic resistance is the most economical method of reducing yield losses caused by wheat leaf rust. To identify the leaf rust resistance genes in commonly used parental germplasm and released cultivars become very important for utilizing the genetic resistance to wheat leaf rust fully. Up to date, about 90 leaf rust resistance genes have been found, of which 51 genes have been located and mapped to special chromosomes, and 56 genes have been designated officially according to the standards set forth in the Catalogue of Gene Symbols for wheat. Twenty-four wheat leaf rust resistance genes have been developed for their molecular markers. It is very important to isolate, characterize, and map leaf rust resistance genes due to the resistance losses of the genes caused by the pathogen continuously.

关键词： Wheat leaf rust Resistance gene Chromosomal localization Molecular marker

The Relationship Between Resistance to Controlled Atmosphere and Insecticides of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae)

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2004年第11期3卷 822-830页

作者： DINGWei ZHAOZhi-mo WANGJin-jun TAOHui-ying ZHANGYong-qiang KeyLaboratoryofEntomologyandPestControlEngineering CollegeofPlantProtectionSouthwestAgriculturalUniversityChongqing400716P.R.China

The cross resistance of four resistant strains of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel, an important stored-product insect pest, was investigated. These four strains included the HCO2-R (hypercarbia-resistant strain), HCLO-R (hypoxia and hypercarbia resistant strain), DDVP-R (DDVP-resistant strain) and PH3-R (PH3-resistant strain). The results indicated that there were cross-resistances between CA and insecticides, and the quantities of the cross-resistance were different. The cross-resistance factor (RF) of HCO2-R to hypoxia and hypercarbia was 3.2458, whilst, that of HCLO-R to hypercarbia was 1.8280. The RF of DDVP-R to PH3 was 3.9614, whilst, that of PH3-R to DDVP was 2.7852. The RF values of DDVP- R and PH3-R to hypercarbia were 1.3550 and 1.1816, respectively. However, the RF of HCO2- R to DDVP was 2.1372. There also was a low cross-resistance between DDVP-R and HCO2-R. The RF of HCO2-R to PH3 was 3.3698. This suggested that the insects resistant to high CO2 concentration atmosphere would develop significant resistance to PH3. However, the insects resistant to PH3 remain sensitive to hypercarbia atmosphere. Both DDVP-R and PH3- R developed resistance to high CO2 treatment. There was a low cross-resistance between DDVP-R and HCLO-R. The insects resistant to hypoxia and hypercarbia were very sensitive to DDVP. There also was cross-resistance between HCLO-R and PH3-R, but the resistance of PH3-R to hypoxia and hypercarbia was lower than that of HCLO-R to PH3. The difference of the overlapping and separate values indicated that there were differences in the intercross-resistance of four resistant strains.

关键词： Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel Cross-resistance Resistance to controlled atmosphere (CA) Resistance to insecticides Double direction cross-resistance

Sequence Analysis of mtDNA CO/Gene and Molecular Phylogeny of Different Geographical Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第7期4卷 533-541页

作者： CHUDong ZHANGYou-jun CONGBin XUBao-yun WUQing-jun ZHUGuo-ren InstituteofVegetablesandFlowers ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesBeijing100081P.R.China InstituteofVegetablesandFlowers ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesBeijing100081P.R.China／／CollegeofPlantProtectionShenyangAgriculturalUniversityShenyang110161P.R.China collegeofplantprotection ShenyangAgriculturalUniversityShenyang110161P.R.China

Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) is a serious pest in many cropping systems worldwide and occurs in different biotypes. ThemtDNA COI gene of the 12 Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) populations from different regions and countries were *** on mtDNA COI sequences, their biotypes were characterized and phylogenetic relationships among thesepopulations were established with the method of UPGMA. The results indicated the genetic similarity between thosepopulations from Beijing, Zhengzhou, Zaozhuang, Nanjing, Shanghai, Haikou, and the B-biotype populations fromCalifornia, Texas, Arizona reached 99.8-100%, which meant the nation-wide infested populations of *** in China inrecent years were B-biotypes. Another population collected from Kunming of Yunnan Province showed very high similaritywith Q-biotype *** from Spain and Morocco, which meant the Kunming population was Q-biotype. This is the firstreport on the invasion of Q-biotype into China.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) mtDNA COI Biotype Phylogenetic tree

Changes in Cell Ultrastructure in Maize Leaves Infected by Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2003年第10期2卷 1114-1120页

作者： GUOXing-qi ZHUXiao-ping ZHANGJie-dao GUOYan-kui CollegeofLifeSciences ShandongAgriculturalUniversityTai‘an271018P.R.China collegeofplantprotection ShandongAgriculturalUniversityTai’an271018P.R.China

Ultrastructural alterations in foliar cells were studied in leaves of resistant maize variety Luyu16 and susceptible maize inbred line Luyuan92 infected by maize dwarf mosaic virus Shandong isolate (MDMV-SD), respectively. The results showed that marked cytopathological alterations were observed both in resistant plants and in susceptible plants, compared with that in healthy plants. However, some ultrastructural alterations, which observed in resistant plants, were different from those in susceptible plants. In resistant plants, which infected with the virus, the main organelles, including chloroplasts and mitochondria, were slightly destroyed, the amount of mitochondria and peroxisome were increased. A few or no plasmodesmata were observed. There were three kinds of inclusions including pinwheel, bundle and laminated aggregate, and the virus particles in the cytoplasm. In susceptible plants, which infected with the virus, the chloroplasts were heavily disrupted, including thylakoid swelling and envelope broking. The virus particles were more than those in the resistant variety. Four kinds of inclusions including pinwheel, bundle, laminated aggregate and high electon-dense body appeared in cytoplasm. Plasmodesmata and plasma membrane were abundant, and there were frequent invaginations of the plasma membrane that led to the formation of vesicles and myelin-like structures.

关键词： Maize dwarf mosaic virus Foliar cell Ultrastructure Cytopathological alteration