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Low-temperature chlorination roasting technology for the simultaneous recovery of valuable metals from spent LiCoO_(2)cathode material

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 80-91页

作者： Junjie Shi Changle Hou Jingjing Dong Dong Chen Jianzhong Li Key Laboratory for Ecological metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

With the continuous increase in the disposal volume of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),properly recycling spent LIBs has become essential for the advancement of the circular *** study presents a systematic analysis of the chlorination roasting kinetics and proposes a new two-step chlorination roasting process that integrates thermodynamics for the recycling of LIB cathode *** activation energy for the chloride reaction was 88.41 kJ/mol according to thermogravimetric analysis–derivative thermogravimetry data obtained by using model-free,model-fitting,and Z(α)function(αis conversion rate).Results indicated that the reaction was dominated by the first-order(F1)model when the conversion rate was less than or equal to 0.5 and shifted to the second-order(F2)model when the conversion rate exceeded *** conditions were determined by thoroughly investigating the effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,and the mass ratio of NH_(4)Cl to LiCoO_(2).Under the optimal conditions,namely 400℃,20 min,and NH_(4)Cl/LiCoO_(2)mass ratio of 3:1,the leaching efficiency of Li and Co reached 99.43% and 99.05%,*** of the roasted products revealed that valuable metals in LiCoO_(2)transformed into CoCl_(2) and ***,the reaction mechanism was elucidated,providing insights for the establishment of a novel low-temperature chlorination roasting technology based on a crystal structure *** technology can guide the development of LIB recycling processes with low energy consumption,low secondary pollution,high recovery efficiency,and high added value.

关键词： spent lithium-ion battery thermodynamics chlorination roasting kinetics circular economy

Investigation of bubbles escape behavior from low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels using 3D X-ray microscope

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 102-110页

作者： Qiang Liu Xiang Li Shen Du Ming Gao Yanbin Yin Jiongming Zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

During the continuous casting process of high-Mn high-Al steels,various types of gases such as Ar need to escape through the top of the *** which,the behavior of bubbles traversing the liquid slag serves as a restrictive link,closely associated with viscosity and the thickness of liquid *** contrast to two-dimensional surface observation,three-dimensional(3D)analysis method can offer a more intuitive,accurate,and comprehensive ***,this study employs a 3D X-ray microscope(3D-XRM)to obtained spatial distribution and 3D morphological characteristics of residual bubbles in mold flux under different basicity of liquid slag,different temperatures,and different holding *** results indicate that as basicity of slag increases from 0.52 to 1.03,temperature increases from 1423 to 1573 K,the viscosity of slag decreases,the floating rate of bubbles *** addition,when holding time increases from 10 to 30 s,the bubbles floating distance increases,and the volume fraction and average equivalent sphere diameter of the bubbles solidified in the mold flux gradually *** one word,increasing the basicity,temperature,and holding time leading to an increase in the removal rate of bubbles especially for the *** findings of bubbles escape behavior provide valuable insights into optimizing low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels.

关键词： mold flux low basicity bubbles three-dimensional X-ray microscope viscosity

Role of iron ore in enhancing gasification of iron coke:Structural evolution,influence mechanism and kinetic analysis

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 58-69页

作者： Jie Wang Wei Wang Xuheng Chen Junfang Bao Qiuyue Hao Heng Zheng Runsheng Xu School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan 432000China Key Laboratory for Ferrous metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Institue of Ironmaking Technology Baosteel Central Research InstituteShanghai 201999China State Key Laboratory of Advanced metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The utilization of iron coke provides a green pathway for low-carbon *** uncover the influence mechanism of iron ore on the behavior and kinetics of iron coke gasification,the effect of iron ore on the microstructure of iron coke was ***,a comparative study of the gasification reactions between iron coke and coke was conducted through non-isothermal thermogravimetric *** findings indicate that compared to coke,iron coke exhibits an augmentation in micropores and specific surface area,and the micropores further extend and *** provides more adsorption sites for CO_(2) molecules during the gasification process,resulting in a reduction in the initial gasification temperature of iron *** the heating rate in non-isothermal gasification can enhance the reactivity of iron *** metallic iron reduced from iron ore is embedded in the carbon matrix,reducing the orderliness of the carbon structure,which is primarily responsible for the heightened reactivity of the carbon *** kinetic study indicates that the random pore model can effectively represent the gasification process of iron coke due to its rich pore ***,as the proportion of iron ore increases,the activation energy for the carbon gasification gradually decreases,from 246.2 kJ/mol for coke to 192.5 kJ/mol for iron coke 15wt%.

关键词： low-carbon ironmaking iron coke gasification structural evolution kinetic model

Preparation of FeCoNi medium entropy alloy from Fe^(3+)-Co^(2+)-Ni^(2+)solution system

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 92-101页

作者： Zongyou Cheng Qing Zhao Mengjie Tao Jijun Du Xingxi Huang Chengjun Liu Key Laboratory for Ecological metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Center of Frontier Technologies for Low-carbon Steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China

In recent years,medium entropy alloys have become a research hotspot due to their excellent physical and chemical *** controlling reasonable elemental composition and processing parameters,the medium entropy alloys can exhibit similar properties to high entropy alloys and have lower *** this paper,a FeCoNi medium entropy alloy precursor was prepared via sol-gel and coprecipitation methods,respectively,and FeCoNi medium entropy alloys were prepared by carbothermal and hydrogen *** phases and magnetic properties of FeCoNi medium entropy alloy were *** showed that FeCoNi medium entropy alloy was produced by carbothermal and hydrogen reduction at 1500℃.Some carbon was detected in the FeCoNi medium entropy alloy prepared by carbothermal *** alloy prepared by hydrogen reduction was uniform and showed a relatively high ***,the hydrogen reduction product exhibited better saturation magnetization and lower coercivity.

关键词： medium entropy alloy sol-gel co-precipitation carbothermal hydrogen reduction

Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou Shuo Zhang Jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei Lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

Characterization and Tribological Properties of Graphene/Copper Composites Fabricated by Electroless Plating and Powder metallurgy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第7期33卷 903-912页

作者： Zhigang Zhang Xiaotong Lu Jianrong Xu Hongjie Luo Key Laboratory for Ecological metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Self-lubricating copper matrix composites reinforced with graphene were prepared by electroless plating and powder *** morphology and structure of graphene,Cu@graphene powder,and Cu@graphene/Cu composites were characterized and the tribological properties of Cu@graphene/Cu composites were *** X-ray diffraction pattern of Cu@graphene confirms the coexistence of characteristic peaks of both copper and graphene,with a weakened characteristic peak of carbon *** obtained morphology of Cu@graphene reveals that the surface of the graphene is completely covered with a uniform and compact copper layer with lots of copper *** and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses show that the oxygen functional groups and defects on the surface of the redox graphene can be reduced through the electroless plating *** tribological results indicate that the coefficient of friction of Cu@graphene/Cu composites initially decreases and then increases with an increase in Cu@graphene *** lowest coefficient of friction,which is about 29.47% lower than that of pure Cu,is achieved in the Cu@graphene/Cu composites with 3.0 wt%Cu@*** chemical composition and topography of the wear tracks for Cu@graphene/Cu composites infer that the formation of a well-consolidated graphene-rich lubricious tribolayer at the contact surface and a higher microhardness work together to enhance the tribological performance of Cu@graphene/Cu composites.

关键词： composites electroless friction

Preparation of Aluminum Foam Sandwich by Rolling-bonding/Powder metallurgy Foaming Technology

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2011年第4期26卷 671-674页

作者：祖国胤 School of Materials & metallurgy Northeastern University

Aluminum foam sandwich was prepared by rolling-bonding/powder metallurgical foaming technology, and the effects of rolling on bond strength of face sheet/powders and powder density were studied. Moreover, the foaming agent, TiH2, was heat treated and a certain amount of Mg was added into powder in an attempt to understand how the stability and uniformity of foam was improved. The experimental results show that the foaming precursors with ideal quality were obtained by rolling-bonding process. When rolling reduction is 67%, the consistency of powders reach to 99.87%. Throughout consideration of the bonding of face sheet/ core layer powders and deformation characteristic of powders, the optimum rolling reduction is 60%-70%. Cracks and drainage during foaming were inhibited by heat treatment of foaming agent TiH2 and the addition of a certain amount of Mg. The optimum heat treatment way of TiH2 is that heat preserving 1 hour at 450 ℃; the amount of adding Mg is 1wt%.

关键词： aluminum foam sandwich rolling bonding foaming relative density stability

Effect of lamellarization on the microstructure and mechanical properties of marine 10Ni5CrMoV steel

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2025年第02期 402-413页

作者： Tao Zou Yanwu Dong Zhouhua Jiang Shuyang Du Yushuo Li School of metallurgy Northeastern University Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University Key Laboratory for Ecological metallurgy of Multimetallic Ores (Ministry of Education) Northeastern University

Multistage heat treatment involving quenching(Q), lamellarizing(L), and tempering(T) is applied to marine 10Ni5CrMoV steel. The microstructure and mechanical properties were studied by multiscale characterizations, and the kinetics of reverse austenite transformation, strain hardening behavior, and toughening mechanism were further investigated. The lamellarized specimens possess low yield strength but high toughness, especially cryogenic toughness. Lamellarization leads to the development of film-like reversed austenite at the martensite block and lath boundaries, refining the martensite structure and lowering the equivalent grain size. Kinetic analysis of austenite reversion based on the JMAK model shows that the isothermal transformation is dominated by the growth of reversed austenite,and the maximum transformation of reversed austenite is reached at the peak temperature(750°C). The strain hardening behavior based on the modified Crussard–Jaoul analysis indicates that the reversed austenite obtained from lamellarization reduces the proportion of martensite, significantly hindering crack propagation via martensitic transformation during the deformation. As a consequence, the QLT specimens exhibit high machinability and low yield strength. Compared with the QT specimen, the ductile–brittle transition temperature of the QLT specimens decreases from-116 to-130°C due to the low equivalent grain size and reversed austenite, which increases the cleavage force required for crack propagation and absorbs the energy of external load, respectively. This work provides an idea to improve the cryogenic toughness of marine 10Ni5CrMoV steel and lays a theoretical foundation for its industrial application and comprehensive performance improvement.

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Worn surface characteristics of Cu-based powder metallurgy bake materials for aircraft

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第1期17卷 99-103页

作者：姚萍屏盛洪超熊翔黄伯云 State Key Laboratory of Powder metallurgy Central South University

Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials are used for aircraft widely and *** characteristics of worn surface of Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials for aircraft after working under service condition were studied,and two main wear mechanisms were *** results show that the main components of worn surface are graphite,SiO2,Fe,Cu and oxide of Fe(Fe3O4 and FeO);the worn surface can be divided into three zones:severe wear zone,mild wear zone,and low wear zone; fatigue wear and grain wear are the main wear mechanisms of Cu-based *** debris kept between brake discs reduce the wear rate to a certain extent by taking part in the regeneration of friction film.

关键词：粉末冶金铜航行器耐磨机械装置