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Autophagy in neural stem cells and glia for brain health and diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 729-736页

作者： Aarti Nagayach Chenran Wang Department of Cancer Biology University of Cincinnati College of Medicine

Autophagy is a multifaceted cellular process that not only maintains the homeostatic and adaptive responses of the brain but is also dynamically involved in the regulation of neural cell generation,maturation,and *** facilities the utilization of energy and the microenvironment for developing neural stem *** arbitrates structural and functional remodeling during the cell differentiation *** also plays an indispensable role in the maintenance of stemness and homeostasis in neural stem cells during essential brain physiology and also in the instigation and progression of *** recently,studies have begun to shed light on autophagy regulation in glia(microglia,astrocyte,and oligodendrocyte)in the *** cells have attained relatively less consideration despite their unquestioned influence on various aspects of neural development,synaptic function,brain metabolism,cellular debris clearing,and restoration of damaged or injured ***,this review composes pertinent information regarding the involvement of autophagy in neural stem cells and glial regulation and the role of this connexion in normal brain functions,neurodevelopmental disorders,and neurodegenerative *** review will provide insight into establishing a concrete strategic approach for investigating pathological mechanisms and developing therapies for brain diseases.

关键词： astrocyte autophagy glia microglia neural stem cells neurodegenerative diseases neurodevelopmental disorders oligodendrocyte

Use of donepezil for neurocognitive recovery after brain injury in adult and pediatric populations:a scoping review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery L.Miller Nathan K.Evanson J.Michael Taylor university of cincinnati college of Medicine CincinnatiOHUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharmacologic options for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil have been evaluated in adult patients after traumatic brain injury,but relatively less is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal of this review is to identify knowledge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetylcholinesterase inhibito rs as a potential a djuvant treatment fo r neurocognitive decline in pediatric patients with traumatic brain *** queried PubMed to identify literature published from database inception thro ugh June 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil in young adult traumatic brain injury and pediatric patients with predefined *** on preselected search criteria,340 unique papers we re selected for title and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in full after eliminating preclinical studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adult traumatic brain injury,we review results from 14 papers detailing 227 subjects where evidence suggests donepezil is well tole rated and shows both objective and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** children,3 pape rs report on 5 children recovering from traumatic brain injury,showing limited *** additional 15 pediatric studies conducted in populations at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader look at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its promise for efficacy in adults with traumatic brain injury and tole rability in pediatric patients,we believe further study of donepezil for children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury is warranted.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase inhibitor adult cognition donepezil pediatrics traumatic brain injury

Global Research Progress on Municipal Waste and Future Prospect Based on the Cross-national Comparisons

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 250-264页

作者： ZHANG Yuxin LIU Xiaoqian YAN Xiaoxia MA Sike MAO Weiyun college of Applied Arts and Science of Beijing union university Beijing 100191China

Due to the acceleration of urbanization,the municipal waste(MW)problem has transformed into a global challenge for urb-an *** elucidate historical trends,current focal points,and future directions in MW research,we conducted a bibliometric analysis and employed knowledge graph visualization to scrutinize a total of 34212 articles,which were published between 1991 and 2021 in the Web of Science(WoS)core *** results indicated that current major research themes encompass waste classifica-tion and recycling,waste management and public behavior,waste disposal methods and technologies,as well as environmental impact and *** has been a shift in the research focus from the environmental impacts of waste incineration to sustainable manage-ment related issues.A comparison of research from six typical countries revealed the differences in research priorities and techniques *** from the USA and Britain initiated MW research earlier than other countries and investigated management issues in depth,such as public behavior and willingness to ***,Japanese,German,and Swedish scholars conducted extensive studies on advanced waste treatment technologies,such as disposal and recycling,risk assessment,and waste-to-energy *** scholars placed particular emphasis on end-of-pipe treatments and their associated environmental *** and poten-tial future frontiers were identified by burst detection *** with high value of burst index(BI)worldwide are food waste and circular *** scholars have put great efforts on waste environmental impact and its recycling technologies,while we’re expecting to further investigating vulnerable ***,this study contributes to bridging the regional gap of scientific research among different countries and fostering international collaboration.

关键词： bibliometrics municipal waste(MW) CiteSpace hotspot prediction burst index(BI) sustainability cross-national comparison Web of Science(WoS)

Group Decision-Making Method of Entry Policy During a Pandemic

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 56-65页

作者： Chunsheng Cui Baiqiu Li Xianfeng Chen college of Computer and Information Engineering Henan University of Economics and LawZhengzhou 450046China Tourism college Beijing Union UniversityBeijing 100101China

Omicron,the new mutant coronavirus,has spread rapidly globally,attracting close attention from different stakeholders *** complex and constantly changing epidemic situation has had a new impact on the ***,this paper focuses on the characteristics of the rapid spread of the COVID-19 variant ***,epidemic prevention experts conduct preliminary screening as part of the existing epidemic plan database according to the current local situation,after which they sort the alternatives deemed more suitable for the *** the decision-makers identify the most divergent expert group,plan for consultation and adjustments,and finally obtain the plan with the smallest *** article aims to integrate the experts'opinions with the method of minimizing the differences,which can maximize the expert consensus and help organize the schemes that best meet the epidemic *** experts'negotiation and iteration of the differences in the initial plan align with the current complex and dynamic epidemic situation and are of great significance to the rapid formulation of plans to achieve effective prevention and control.

关键词： epidemic prevention and control group decision-making alternative ranking control policy

Free-standingβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs composite film for high-rate Li-ion storage

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 616-626页

作者： WU ZhiMin LIU JiaJia HE XingYu BIAN Jing ZHU XianJun CHEN JianMei LI JianMin college of Electronic and Optical Engineering&college of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing Universityof Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Pathology college of Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45267USA

The rapid development of portable and wearable electronic devices is responding to the urgent demand for high-efficiency flexible energy storage *** supercapacitors,showing long cycle life,high power density,and good safety,are considered ideal ***,the relatively low energy density restricts their practical *** a large dielectric constant of 18-46,Ta_(2)O_(5)-based materials typically exhibit excellent electron-binding ability,which is critical for enhancing the energy density of *** this work,the free-standingβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)composite film was prepared,with a highβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)loading of over 70%.By anchoringβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles onto the surface of SWCNTs,the system’s flexibility and conductivity were significantly enhanced,which also facilitated the intercalation electrodynamics of metal *** a result,the flexibleβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs film exhibits excellent Li-ion storage performance,with a high volumetric specific capacitance of 392.3 F cm^(-3)at the scan rate of 10 mV s^(-1)and 198.9 F cm^(-3)at 500 mV s^(-1).In addition,the asymmetric device,assembled by theβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs and activated carbon films,shows a high energy density of 45.5 Wh kg^(-1)at the power density of 10.8 kW kg^(-1).This technique opens up a new avenue for improving the energy density and rate performance of flexible supercapacitors.

关键词： pseudocapacitor Li-ion storage β-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs film flexible device high-rate capability

Detecting XSS with Random Forest and Multi-Channel Feature Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 843-874页

作者： Qiurong Qin Yueqin Li Yajie Mi Jinhui Shen Kexin Wu Zhenzhao Wang Smart City college Beijing Union UniversityBeijing100101China

In the era of the Internet,widely used web applications have become the target of hacker attacks because they contain a large amount of personal *** these vulnerabilities,stealing private data through crosssite scripting(XSS)attacks is one of the most commonly used attacks by ***,deep learning-based XSS attack detection methods have good application prospects;however,they suffer from problems such as being prone to overfitting,a high false alarm rate,and low *** address these issues,we propose a multi-stage feature extraction and fusion model for XSS detection based on Random Forest feature *** model utilizes RandomForests to capture the intrinsic structure and patterns of the data by extracting leaf node indices as features,which are subsequentlymergedwith the original data features to forma feature setwith richer information *** feature extraction is conducted through three parallel *** I utilizes parallel onedimensional convolutional layers(1Dconvolutional layers)with different convolutional kernel sizes to extract local features at different scales and performmulti-scale feature fusion;Channel II employsmaximum one-dimensional pooling layers(max 1D pooling layers)of various sizes to extract key features from the data;and Channel III extracts global information bi-directionally using a Bi-Directional Long-Short TermMemory Network(Bi-LSTM)and incorporates a multi-head attention mechanism to enhance global ***,effective classification and prediction of XSS are performed by fusing the features of the three *** test the effectiveness of the model,we conduct experiments on six *** achieve an accuracy of 100%on the UNSW-NB15 dataset and 99.99%on the CICIDS2017 dataset,which is higher than that of the existing models.

关键词： Random forest feature enhancement three-channel parallelism XSS detection

MADRL-based UAV swarm non-cooperative game under incomplete information

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 293-306页

作者： Ershen WANG Fan LIU Chen HONG Jing GUO Lin ZHAO Jian XUE Ning HE School of Electronic and Information Engineering Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110136China college of Robotics Beijing Union UniversityBeijing 100101China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China college of Smart City Beijing Union UniversityBeijing 100101China

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)play increasing important role in modern *** this paper,considering the incomplete observation information of individual UAV in complex combat environment,we put forward an UAV swarm non-cooperative game model based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning(MADRL),where the state space and action space are constructed to adapt the real features of UAV swarm air-to-air *** multi-agent particle environment is employed to generate an UAV combat scene with continuous observation *** recently popular MADRL methods are compared extensively in the UAV swarm noncooperative game model,the results indicate that the performance of Multi-Agent Soft Actor-Critic(MASAC)is better than that of other MADRL methods by a large *** swarm employing MASAC can learn more effective policies,and obtain much higher hit rate and win *** under different swarm sizes and UAV physical parameters are also performed,which implies that MASAC owns a well generalization ***,the practicability and convergence of MASAC are addressed by investigating the loss value of Q-value networks with respect to individual UAV,the results demonstrate that MASAC is of good practicability and the Nash equilibrium of the UAV swarm non-cooperative game under incomplete information can be reached.

关键词： UAV swarm Reinforcement learning Deep learning Multi-agent Non-cooperative game Nash equilibrium

Viologen-based flexible electrochromic devices

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 453-470,I0012页

作者： Wenwen Wu Shanlu Guo Jing Bian Xingyu He Haizeng Li Jianmin Li college of Electronic and Optical Engineering&college of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Department of Pathology College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati 45221OhioUSA Optics and Thermal Radiation Research Center Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237ShandongChina

Electrochromic technology has gained significant attention in various fields such as displays,smart windows,biomedical monitoring,military camouflage,human-machine interaction,and electronic skin due to its ability to provide reversible and fast color changes under applied *** the rapid development and increasing demand for flexible electronics,flexible electrochromic devices(FECDs)that offer smarter and more controllable light modulation hold great promise for practical *** electrochromic material(ECM)undergoing color changes during the electrochemical reactions is one of the key components in electrochromic *** the ECMs,viologens,a family of organic small molecules with 1,1'-disubstituted-4,4'-dipyridinium salts,have garnered extensive research interest,due to their well-reversible redox reactions,excellent electron acceptance ability,and the ability to produce multiple ***,viologen-based FECDs demonstrate color changes in the liquid or semisolid electrolyte layer,eliminating the need for two solid electrodes and thus simplifying the device ***,viologens offer significant potential for the development of FECDs with high optical contrast,fast response speed,and excellent *** review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress and perspectives of viologen-based *** begins by summarizing the typical structure and recent exciting developments in viologen-based FECDs,along with their advantages and ***,the review discusses recent advancements in FECDs with additional functionalities such as sensing,photochromism,and energy ***,the remaining challenges and potential research directions for the future of viologen-based FECDs are addressed.

关键词： Flexible electrochromic devices Optical modulation Viologens Flexible electronics Multifunctional devices Electrochromism

A survey on the network models applied in the industrial network optimization

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 85-103页

作者： Chao DONG Xiaoxiong XIONG Qiulin XUE Zhengzhen ZHANG Kai NIU Ping ZHANG Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications Ministry of EducationBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Smart City college Beijing Union University

Network architecture design is critical for optimizing industrial networks. Network architectures can be classified into small-scale networks and large-scale networks based on scale. Graph theory is an efficient mathematical tool for network topology modeling. For small-scale networks, their structure often has regular topology. For large-scale ones, the current body of work mainly focuses on random characteristics of network nodes and edges. Recently, widely used models include random networks, small-world networks,and scale-free networks. In this study, starting from the scale of the network, network modeling methods based on graph theory as well as their industrial applications, are summarized and analyzed. Moreover, a novel network performance metric, called system entropy, is proposed. From the perspective of mathematical properties, an analysis of its non-negativity and concavity is performed. The advantage of system entropy is that it can cover the existing regular networks, random networks, small-world networks, and scale-free networks, and has strong generality. The simulation results reveal that this proposed metric can achieve the comparison of various industrial networks under different models.

关键词： industrial network small-scale network large-scale network graph theory system entropy