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Recent advances in Raman spectroelectrochemistry on single-crystal surfaces

Science China Chemistry 2023年第12期66卷 3360-3371页

作者： Quan-Feng He Jia Yu Jin-Chao Dong Jian-Feng Li State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollege of EnergyiChEMXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and NanotechnologyInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Benefiting from a principally contaminant-free and well-defined surface,single-crystal electrodes offer new insights into interfacial processes and are important in *** early impetus for using single-crystal electrodes in electrocatalysis was to investigate the surface structure at the atomic level for the reactions that are sensitive to the *** studies were usually performed in an ultra-high vacuum with atomic force microscopy(AFM),scanning tunneling microscope(STM),and X-ray methods to avoid the ***,such characterizations are limited in their ability to identify chemical species definitively,a limitation that has similarly plagued the study of *** advances in shellisolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SHINERS)have enabled the detection of reaction intermediates on singlecrystal electrodes,in which shell-isolated nanoparticles on the single-crystal electrode can enhance the Raman signal from the surface,without changing the surface structure and electrochemical ***,this work aims to review recent advances in Raman spectroelectrochemical studies on single-crystal electrode *** discussion focuses on how SHINERS technology has enabled the effective detection of intermediate species and,when combined with the electrochemical method,has yielded novel insights into the dynamic evolution of surface structure and electrocatalytic reaction ***,the challenges and future of single-crystal electrodes are introduced.

关键词： single-crystal electrode shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy interfacial structures adsorption

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The endo-beta mannase MAN7 contributes to cadmium tolerance by modulating root cell wall binding capacity in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第7期65卷 1670-1686页

作者： Qi Wu Yu Ting Meng Zhi Hang Feng Ren Fang Shen Xiao Fang Zhu State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China college of Environmental and Resource sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The heavy metal cadmium(Cd) is detrimental to crop growth and threatens human health through the food chain. To cope with Cd toxicity,plants employ multiple strategies to decrease Cd uptake and its root-to-shoot translocation. However, genes that participate in the Cd-induced transcriptional regulatory network, including those encoding transcription factors, remain largely unidentified. In this study, we demonstrate that ENDO-BETA-MANNASE 7(MAN7) is necessary for the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to toxic Cd levels. We show that MAN7 is responsible for mannase activity and modulates mannose content in the cell wall, which plays a role in Cd compartmentalization in the cell wall under Cd toxicity conditions. Additionally,the repression of root growth by Cd was partially reversed via exogenous application of mannose,suggesting that MAN7-mediated cell wall Cd redistribution depends on the mannose ***, we identified a basic leucine zipper(bZIP) transcription factor, bZIP44, that acts upstream of MAN7 in response to Cd *** dual-luciferase assays indicated that bZIP44 directly binds to the MAN7 promoter region and activates its transcription. Loss of bZIP44 function was associated with greater sensitivity to Cd treatment and higher accumulation of the heavy metal in roots and ***, MAN7 overexpression relieved the inhibition of root elongation seen in the bzip44mutant under Cd toxicity conditions. This study thus reveals a pathway showing that MAN7-associated Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis is controlled by bZIP44 upon Cd exposure.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana bZIP44 cadmium cell wall MAN7 mannose

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Surrogate production of genome-edited sperm from a different subfamily by spermatogonial stem cell transplantation

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Science China(Life sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 969-987页

作者： Fenghua Zhang Yongkang Hao Xianmei Li Yi Li Ding Ye Ru Zhang Xiaosi Wang Mudan He Houpeng Wang Zuoyan Zhu Yonghua Sun State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Hongshan LaboratoryInstitute of HydrobiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China college of Advanced Agricultural sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The surrogate reproduction technique,such as inter-specific spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)transplantation(SSCT),provides a powerful tool for production of gametes derived from endangered species or those with desirable ***,generation of genome-edited gametes from a different species or production of gametes from a phylogenetically distant species such as from a different subfamily,by SSCT,has not ***,using two small cyprinid fishes from different subfamilies,Chinese rare minnow(gobiocypris rarus,for brief:Gr)and zebrafish(danio rerio),we successfully obtained Gr-derived genome-edited sperm in zebrafish by an optimized SSCT *** transplanted Gr SSCs supported the host gonadal development and underwent normal spermatogenesis,resulting in a reconstructed fertile testis containing Gr spermatids and zebrafish testicular somatic ***,the surrogate spermatozoa resembled those of host zebrafish but not donor Gr in morphology and swimming *** pou5f3 and chd knockout Gr SSCs were transplanted,Gr-derived genome-edited sperm was successfully produced in *** is the first report demonstrating surrogate production of gametes from a different subfamily by SSCT,and surrogate production of genome-edited gametes from another species as *** method is feasible to be applied to future breeding of commercial fish and livestock.

关键词： surrogate reproduction genome editing spermatogonial stem cell transplantation zebrafish Gobiocypris rarus

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Egg rejection and egg recognition mechanism in a Chinese Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus)population

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 487-491页

作者： Jianping Liu Longwu Wang Wei Liang college of Biological sciences and Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Life sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Recognition and rejection of foreign eggs are effective defense of hosts against brood ***,brood parasitism can impose various selection pressures on different geographic populations of the same host *** a multiple cuckoo system in China,Azure-winged Magpies(Cyanopica cyanus)are parasitized by both Indian Cuckoos(Cuculus micropterus)and Asian Koels(Eudynamys scolopaceus).In this study,egg recognition ability and recognition mechanism of the Azure-winged Magpie were investigated using a population in Fusong,southeastern Jilin,*** results showed that 55.6%(20/36)of the Azure-winged Magpies correctly rejected quail(Coturnix japonica)eggs in their nests,while 13.9%(5/36)of the individuals experienced rejection costs by wrongly rejecting their own ***-winged Magpies could accurately reject the experimental eggs when the number of such eggs in the nests was the same as that of the magpie ***,Azure-winged Magpies do not recognize and reject conspecific eggs(0/28).The present study indicates that the Azure-winged Magpie has moderate egg recognition ability toward non-mimetic quail eggs and shows a true recognition mechanism with rejecting foreign eggs by accurately recognizing their own ***,they cannot recognize conspecific eggs.

关键词： Azure-winged Magpie Cuckoo parasitism Egg rejection Recognition error True recognition

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Plant diversity of Hyrcanian relict forests:An annotated checklist,chorology and threat categories of endemic and near endemic vascular plant species

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Plant Diversity 2022年第1期44卷 39-69页

作者： Atefeh Ghorbanalizadeh Hossein Akhani Halophytes and C4 Plants Research Laboratory Department of Plant SciencesSchool of BiologyCollege of SciencesUniversity of TehranP.O.Box 14155-6455TehranIran

In this paper a critical annotated checklist of 256 endemic and near endemic species belonging to 152 genera and 50 families of flowering plants known from Hyrcanian relict forests is *** maps of taxa,elevational range,number of known records,chorotypes,life forms,IUCN threat categories and habitat types are also *** chorotypes are categorized into eight main patterns:1)the Omni-Hyrcanian pattern(OH),2)West Hyrcanian pattern(WH),3)Manjil-Rudbar pattern(MR),4)Central Hyrcanian pattern(CH),5)Central and East Hyrcanian pattern(CEH),6)East Hyrcanian pattern(EH),7)Alborz-Hyrcanian pattern(AH),and 8)Euxino-Hyrcanian pattern(XH).The richness and distribution maps were generated based on 5408 records gained from herbarium specimens and literature *** life form spectra show that the majority of taxa(54.7%)belong to hemicryptophytes,followed by the tuberous,bulbous and parasitic geophytes with 45 species(17.6%)and phanerophytes with 28 taxa(10.9%).The conservation status of species according to IUCN criteria indicates that 30 taxa are Critically Endangered,52 taxa Endangered,30 taxa Vulnerable,25 taxa Near Threatened and 81 taxa are of Least *** present data were not sufficient to evaluate 38 taxa that are categorized here as Data *** new combination of Leutea translucens(=Peucedanum translucens)is validated with inclusion of Peucedanum hyrcanicum as its *** disjunct occurrence of the Caucasian species Gentiana grossheimii is reported from the eastern parts of the Hyrcanian forests in Iran for the first *** conclude that(i)the Hyrcanian forests and associated habitats in the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains harbour tremendous floristic diversity of high conservation priority,and(ii)the Hyrcanian forest zone is an important and unique center of endemism within the Euro-Siberian region that should be considered a floristic province with a large number of relict species.

关键词： Biodiversity Distribution pattern Endemic plant Hyrcanian forests IUCN category

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A loss-of-function mutant allele of a glycosyl hydrolase gene has been co-opted for seed weight control during soybean domestication

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第11期65卷 2469-2489页

作者： Siming Wei Bin Yong Hongwei Jiang Zhenghong An Yan Wang Bingbing Li Ce Yang Weiwei Zhu Qingshan Chen Chaoying He State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops/State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China China National Botanical Garden Beijing 100093China college of Life sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China college of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Jilin Academy of Agricultural sciences Changchun 130022China The Innovative Academy of Seed Design the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The resultant DNA from loss-of-function mutation can be recruited in biological evolution and ***,we present such a rare and potential case of“to gain by loss”as a neomorphic mutation during soybean domestication for increasing seed *** a population derived from a chromosome segment substitution line of Glycine max(SN14)and Glycine soja(ZYD06),a quantitative trait locus(QTL)of 100-seed weight(q HSW)was mapped on chromosome 11,corresponding to a truncatedβ-1,3-glucosidase(βGlu)*** novel gene hsw results from a 14-bp deletion,causing a frameshift mutation and a premature stop codon in theβ*** contrast to HSW,the hsw completely lostβGlu activity and function but acquired a novel function to promote cell expansion,thus increasing seed *** hsw instead of HSW produced large soybean seeds,and surprisingly,truncating hsw via gene editing further increased the seed *** further found that the core 21-aa peptide of hsw and its variants acted as a promoter of seed *** variation in these transgenic soybean lines substantiated the integration hsw into cell and seed size ***,the hsw allele underwent selection and expansion during soybean domestication and *** work cloned a likely domesticated QTL controlling soybean seed weight,revealed a novel genetic variation and mechanism in soybean domestication,and provided new insight into crop domestication and breeding,and plant evolution.

关键词： domestication frameshift mutation QTL seed weight soybean to gain by loss

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Fruit Leaf Diseases Classification: A Hierarchical Deep Learning Framework

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计算机、材料和连续体（英文） 2023年第4期75卷 1179-1194页

作者： Samra Rehman Muhammad Attique Khan Majed Alhaisoni Ammar Armghan Fayadh Alenezi Abdullah Alqahtani Khean Vesal Yunyoung Nam Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Computer sciences Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringJouf UniversitySakakah72311Saudi Arabia college of Computer Engineering and sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16242Saudi Arabia Department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Manual inspection of fruit diseases is a time-consuming and costly because it is based on naked-eye *** authors present computer vision techniques for detecting and classifying fruit leaf *** of computer vision techniques are preprocessing original images for visualization of infected regions,feature extraction from raw or segmented images,feature fusion,feature selection,and *** following are the major challenges identified by researchers in the literature:(i)lowcontrast infected regions extract irrelevant and redundant information,which misleads classification accuracy;(ii)irrelevant and redundant information may increase computational time and reduce the designed model’s *** paper proposed a framework for fruit leaf disease classification based on deep hierarchical learning and best feature *** the proposed framework,contrast is first improved using a hybrid approach,and then data augmentation is used to solve the problem of an imbalanced *** next step is to use a pre-trained deep model named Darknet53 and fine-tune ***,deep transfer learning-based training is carried out,and features are extracted using an activation function on the average pooling ***,an improved butterfly optimization algorithm is proposed,which selects the best features for classification using machine learning *** experiment was carried out on augmented and original fruit datasets,yielding a maximum accuracy of 99.6%for apple diseases,99.6%for grapes,99.9%for peach diseases,and 100%for cherry *** overall average achieved accuracy is 99.7%,higher than previous techniques.

关键词： Fruit diseases data augmentation contrast enhancement deep learning improved butterfly optimization

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation in animal models of neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 251-265页

作者： Mohammad Uzair Turki Abualait Muhammad Arshad Woo-Kyoung Yoo Ali Mir Reem Fahd Bunyan Shahid Bashir Department of Biological sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University IslamabadPakistan college of Applied Medical sciences Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hallym University College of MedicineAnyangSouth Korea Hallym Institute for Translational Genomics&Bioinformatics Hallym University College of MedicineAnyangSouth Korea Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

Brain stimulation techniques offer powerful means of modulating the physiology of specific neural structures. In recent years, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation, have emerged as therapeutic tools for neurology and neuroscience. However, the possible repercussions of these techniques remain unclear, and there are few reports on the incisive recovery mechanisms through brain stimulation. Although several studies have recommended the use of non-invasive brain stimulation in clinical neuroscience, with a special emphasis on TMS, the suggested mechanisms of action have not been confirmed directly at the neural level. Insights into the neural mechanisms of non-invasive brain stimulation would unveil the strategies necessary to enhance the safety and efficacy of this progressive approach. Therefore, animal studies investigating the mechanisms of TMSinduced recovery at the neural level are crucial for the elaboration of non-invasive brain stimulation. Translational research done using animal models has several advantages and is able to investigate knowledge gaps by directly targeting neuronal levels. In this review, we have discussed the role of TMS in different animal models, the impact of animal studies on various disease states, and the findings regarding brain function of animal models after TMS in pharmacology research.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease depression glial cells neurorehabilitation Parkinson's disease repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation transcranial direct current stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

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A novel non-invasive identification of genome editing mutants from insect exuviae

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Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 21-32页

作者： Xiao-Xiao Wang Jing Li Tong-Xin Wang Yi-Nuo Yang Hai-Kang Zhang Meng Zhou Le Kang Li-Ya Wei college of Life sciences Institute of Life Sciences and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei Province071002China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

With the wide application of genome editing in insects, a simple and efficient identification method is urgently needed to meet the increasing demand for mutation detection. Here, taking migratory locusts as a model system, we developed a non-invasive method to accurately identify genome-edited mutants by using DNA from insect exuviae. We compared the quantity and quality of genomic DNA from exuviae in five instar hoppers and found that the 1st instar exuviae had the highest DNA yield and content, while the 3rd instar exuviae had the best quality. Consensus genotypes were identified from genomic DNA of hoppers at different developmental stages in the same individuals. Moreover, we demonstrated that the amplification products from DNA extracted from locust exuviae are the consensus sequences with those from the hemolymph and foreleg pre-tarsus. Therefore, non-invasive samples provide the same genotyping results as minimally invasive and invasive samples of the same individuals. Furthermore, this identification method that uses genomic DNA from exuviae can be used for early screening of positive genome-edited individuals in each generation for adult crossing. In our study, the non-invasive identification method was not only simpler and provided results earlier than existing methods, but also had a better reproducibility and accuracy. This non-invasive identification approach using genomic DNA from exuviae can be adapted to meet the growing demand for genetic analysis and will find wide application in insect genome editing research.

关键词： exuviae genome editing identification locusts molt non-invasive

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Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第8期17卷 1051-1064页

作者： Linghong Yin Zizhu Zhao Meng Han Wangda Qu Laboratory of Lignin-Based Materials College of Life SciencesQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

This research is a follow-up to our recent discovery of a facile strategy for directly converting lignin powder into carbon *** this work,we report that the thermal pretreatment parameters in air can remarkably influence the formation and properties of the derived carbon *** pretreatment parameters(heating rate,temperature,and residence time)were systematically investigated and a conversion mechanism into carbon foam was *** the thermal pretreatment,relatively low temperatures,low heating rates,and short residence time hindered the formation of smooth and well-connected structures in the carbon *** overall product yields were similar regardless of the thermal pretreatment *** densities of the different carbon foams ranged 0.27–0.83 g∙cm^(−3).The carbon foams with the highest compressive strengths(>10 MPa)were KLPC280-2-5,KLPC300-0-5,and ***280-2-5 exhibited a high iodine sorption value(182 mg∙g^(−1)).KLPC300-2-5 exhibited a specific capacitance of 158 F∙g^(−1) at a current density of 0.05 A∙g^(−1).The maximum evaporation rates in the solar vapor generation experiments were 1.05 and 1.38 kg∙m^(−2)∙h^(−1) under 100 and 150 mW∙cm^(−2) irradiation,*** good performances are attributed to the robust,porous,and continuous structure.

关键词： lignin carbon foam thermal pretreatment solar vapor generation

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