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Analysis on velocity distribution and displacement along the profile of a slope using both empirical and analytical methods

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第12期14卷 2589-2602页

作者： CHen Tie-lin ZHOU Cheng LIU en-long DAI Feng LIU Jiao Key Laboratory of Urban Underground engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River engineering College of Water Resource and Hydropower Engineering Sichuan University Cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute Chinese academy of sciences

Assessing the slope deformation is significant for landslide prediction. Many researchers have studied the slope displacement based on field data from the inclinometer in combination with complicated numerical analysis. They found that there was a shear zone above the slip surface, and they usually focused on the distribution of velocity and displacement within the shear zone. In this paper,two simple methods are proposed to analyze the distribution of displacement and velocity along the whole profile of a slope from the slip surface to the slope surface during slow movement. In the empirical method, the slope soil above the shear zone is assumed as a rigid body. Dual or triple piecewise fitting functions are empirically proposed for the distribution of velocity along the profile of a slope. In the analytical method, the slope soil is not assumed as a rigid body but as a deformable material. Continuous functions of the velocity and displacement along the profile of a slope are directly obtained by solving the Newton's equation of motion associated with the Bingham model. Using the two proposed methods respectively, the displacement and velocity along the slope profiles of three slopes are determined. A reasonable agreement between the measured data and the calculated results of the two proposed methods has been reached. In comparison with the empirical method, the analytical method would be more beneficial for slope deformation analysis in slope engineering, because the parameters are material constants in the analytical solution independent of time t, and the nonlinear viscosity of the soil can be considered.

关键词： Slope deformation Progressive deformation Fitting function Analytical solution Bingham model Nonlinear viscosity

Block rotation: Tectonic response of the Sichuan basin to the southeastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau along the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault

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Block rotation: Tectonic response of the Sichuan basin to th...

Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Catering Industry in A Tourist City: Taking Lhasa City as A Case

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2014年度（第14届）学术年会

作者： Erchie Wang Kai Meng Zhe Su Qingren Meng Jean J.Chu Zhiliang Chen Gang Wang Xuhua.Shi Xinquan Liang State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral resources college of Earth sciences Chengdu University of Technology Department of Geosciences Pennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaUniversity Park State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

GPS field and seismic data show that the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is tectonically and seismically active. This activity is due to the southeastward extrusion of the Chuandian fragment, a large crustal block rotating clockwise around the northeastern syntaxis of the Himalayas. The eastern boundary fault of this fragment is de fined by the left-lateral Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault, which abruptly truncates the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze block. Our paper presents evidence indicating that the Sichuan basin experienced right-lateral shear along its margin, including the Longmen Shan fault belt, as shown by the presence of a large number of interference deformation features, including S-shaped and Z-shaped folds and faults, aligned in an en echelon pattern. This study hypothesizes that the Sichuan basin experienced counterclockwise rotation,dragged by the left-lateral movement along the Xianshuihe fault, and it is this rotation that was the underlying cause of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan M s7.9 earthquake. During the rotation, the Sichuan basin decoupled along a subhorizontal decollement fault zone that developed along Triassic gypsum- and coal-bearing rocks, at a mean depth of 000 m, below which the Paleozoic rocks experienced much more intense deformation than the overlying Mesozoic rocks, suggesting that the lower part of the basin experienced a larger-scale rotation relative to the uppermost part of the basin. Based on thermal data from the western margin of the Sichuan basin and from along the Xianshuihe fault, the counterclockwise bending/rotation of the Sichuan basin initiated in late Cenozoic time(3 Ma).

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Journal of resources and Ecology 2020年第2期11卷 191-205页

作者： LI Yunyun LIU Haiyang WANG Ling-en Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Animal Health and Productivity School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaKennett SquarePennsylvania 19348USA college of Geography and environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Affected by factors such as the city’s functional orientation and tourism consumption, the spatial layout of the catering industry in a tourism city has its own distinctive characteristics. The spatial distribution characteristics of the catering industry and the factors impacting it(from the perspectives of transportation, tourism resources and population) in the main city area of Lhasa, Tibet were analysed through point of interest data mining, average nearest neighbour analysis, a standard deviational ellipse, kernel density estimation, and buffer analysis in ArcGIS software. As a result, the spatial distribution pattern showed catering providers are mainly aggregated in the vicinity of areas with either developed transportation or rich tourism resources. The resident population has an important but inconclusive influence on the distribution, while the distribution of its concentration is highly consistent with that of the instant population. Considering the spatial structure, functional orientation, and tourism development of the area, measures are proposed for optimizing the spatial layout of the catering industry in this tourism-heavy plateau city.

关键词： catering industry spatial distribution tourism city POI Lhasa

Analysis of SNPs in the Promoter Region of the Growth Hormone(GH) Gene in Mini-pigs

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畜牧兽医学报 2010年第S1期41卷 26-30页

作者： ZHenG Mao-en PAN Deng-ke FenG Shu-tang LIU Xiao YE Shao-hui PU Ya-bin HE Xiao-hong ZHAO Qian-jun GUAN Wei-jun MA Yue-hui Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China college of Animal Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Lanzhou Institute of Animal and Veterinary Pharmaceutics Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730050China Shandong Laboratory Animal Center Ji’nan 250002China

Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the growth hormone(GH) gene were investigated in six pig breeds,consisting of four mini-pig breeds(Wuzhishan,Bama,Xiang and Tibet pig),and two others(Dahlan and Landrace pig).Three pairs of primers for promoter regions of the GH gene were designed on the basis of the pig genomic sequence and SNPs were detected by the PCR-SSCP *** results indicated three mutations in the 5’-flanking *** analysis results showed that the frequencies of allele A and D in four mini-pig breeds were higher than that in other breeds at a locus within the 5’-flanking region(Pences in body size may be associated with these SNPs of 5’-flanking region and amino acid mutation of the signal peptide of GH in these pig breeds.

关键词： minipigs growth hormone promoter region dwarf

Characterization and normalization factors of abiotic resource depletion for life cycle impact assessment in China

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 215-222页

作者： GAO Feng NIE ZuoRen WANG ZhiHong GONG XianZheng ZUO TieYong college of Materials Science and engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

The availability of resources for economic activities differs between regions, and the importance of the resources is consequently observed to be different within regions compared to a global scale. With the current situation in Chinese mining industry and its statistic characteristics, the characterization procedures of abiotic resource in life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) have demonstrated certain limita-tions in the Chinese materials industry. The aim of this paper is to propose new characterization and normalization factors for abiotic resource depletion categories such as metals and non-renewable en- ergy resources in a Chinese context. The actual production of abiotic resources calculated by a modi- fied model is compared to the reserve base in line with the new national standard to determine char- acterization factors in equivalence units, with antimony as the reference mineral. The normalization factors are based on the total base reserves of the most important minerals in China. A case study on primary magnesium production using the Pidgeon process is used to compare LCIA results for abiotic resource categories that are between current LCIA factors and the new Chinese factors. These factors not only reflect the importance of abiotic resource with respect to region-specific resource depletion, but also can compare with the global factors.

关键词： resource depletion abiotic resource categories life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) magnesium production the Pidgeon process China

Mechanical and corrosion properties of Al/Ti film on magnesium alloy AZ31B

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2015年第1期9卷 66-76页

作者： Rong-Chang ZenG KeJIANG Shuo-Qi LI Fen ZHANG Hong-Zhi CUI en-Hou HAN college of Materials Science and engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590 China State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590 China Institute of Metals Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

Preparation of titanium film on magnesium substrate faces a challenge due to non-Fickian inter-diffusion between titanium and magnesium. Aluminum can build a bridge between titanium and magnesium. Al/Ti duplex coatings were deposited on magnesium alloy AZ31B using magnetron sputtering （MS）. The low temperature diffusion bonding behavior of the MglAl/Ti coating was investigated through SEM and its affiliated EDS. The phase structure and critical load of the coatings were examined by means of XRD and scratch tests, respectively, The results demonstrated that the bonding strength was significantly improved after a post heat treatment （HT） at a temperature of 210℃. The diffusion mechanism of the interfaces of MglAI and Al/Ti in the coating was discussed based on the analysis of formation energy of vacancies and diffusion rates. The Al/Ti dual layer enhanced the corrosion resistance of the alloy. And the HT process further increased the corrosion resistance of the coated alloy. This result implies that a post HTat a lower temperature after MS is an effective approach to enhance the bonding strength and corrosion resistance of the Al/Ti film on Mg alloys.

关键词： magnesium alloy aluminum/titanium coating magnetron sputtering (MS) diffusion bonding strength

On the evaluation of steam assisted gravity drainage in naturally fractured oil reservoirs

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Petroleum 2017年第2期3卷 273-279页

作者： Seyed Morteza Tohidi Hosseini Shayan Esfahani Mehran Hashemi Doulatabadi Abdolhossein Hemmati Sarapardeh Amir H.Mohammadi Department of Petroleum engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Institut de Recherche en Genie Chimique et Petrolier(IRGCP) Paris CedexFrance Thermodynamics Research Unit School of EngineeringUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalHoward College CampusKing George V AvenueDurban 4041South Africa Departement de Genie des Mines de la Metallurgie et des MateriauxFaculte des Sciences et de GenieUniversite LavalQuebec(QC)G1V 0A6Canada

Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage(SAGD)as a successful enhanced oil recovery(EOR)process has been applied to extract heavy and extra heavy *** amount of global heavy oil resources exists in carbonate reservoirs which are mostly naturally fractured *** clastic reservoirs,few studies were carried out to determine the performance of SAGD in carbonate *** though SAGD is a highly promising technique,several uncertainties and unanswered questions still exist and they should be clarified for expansion of SAGD methods to world wide applications especially in naturally fractured *** this communication,the effects of some operational and reservoir parameters on SAGD processes were investigated in a naturally fractured reservoir with oil wet rock using CMG-STARS thermal *** purpose of this study was to investigate the role of fracture properties including fracture orientation,fracture spacing and fracture permeability on the SAGD performance in naturally fractured ***,one operational parameter was also studied;one new well configuration,staggered well pair was *** indicated that fracture orientation influences steam expansion and oil production from the horizontal well *** was also found that horizontal fractures have unfavorable effects on oil production,while vertical fractures increase the production rate for the horizontal ***,an increase in fracture spacing results in more oil production,because in higher fracture spacing model,steam will have more time to diffuse into matrices and heat up the entire ***,an increase in fracture permeability results in process enhancement and ultimate recovery ***,diagonal change in the location of injection wells(staggered model)increases the recovery efficiency in long-term production plan.

关键词： SAGD EOR Naturally fractured reservoir Operational parameters

Earth Observation as a Support to Improve Water Use in Irrigated Agriculture

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2010年第6期4卷 1-9页

作者： E. V. Palacios L. S. Palacios J. C. Rodriguez J. E. S. Palacios Department of Hidrosciences Graduate College on Agriculture Sciences Montecillo State of Mexico ZC 53050 Mexico ＂Servieios en Ingenieria y Sistemas S. A. ＂（SElSSA）Hermosillo Son. ZC 83294 Mexico University of Sonora Campus Hermosillo Son. ZC 83000 Mexico University of Sonora Campus Navojoa Son. ZC 85880 Mexico

By the end of sixties, several satellites were launched to observe the earth; among them the Landsat missions have been important to study natural resources, especially in agriculture. Currently, Landsat 7, with some problems, and Landsat 5 are useful to evaluate crop development. A project called ＂Participatory multi-Level EO-assisted tools for Irrigation water management and Agricultural Decision-Support＂（PLEIADES） was financed by the European Commission. This project considers eleven countries and 23 research institutions, Mexico being one of the selected countries. Landsat images are a basic tool of this project. Some of the results obtained in this study are presented in this article. By using w^getation indices obtained by the combinations of reflectances in different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, it has been possible to estimate the behavior of several biophysical parameters of crops which are used to evaluate plant development, water stress, spatial soil variation, and the effect of plagues and crop diseases. To facilitate this process, a visor was developed, named SPIDER （System of Participatory Information Decision support and Expert knowledge for River basin management） whose use in this work is explained.

关键词： Satellites reflectances vegetation indices water stress SPIDER.

Hydrological Systems in the Greater Virunga Landscape: Water Quality around Mikeno Sector

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第3期8卷 382-396页

作者： Katcho Karume Mashimango Bagalwa Mapendano Yalire Katya Kazi Espoir Mukengere Bagula Robert Bitariho Deogratias Nahayo Aventino Kasangaki James Byamukama Observatoire Volcanologique de Goma Goma D.R. Congo Centre de Recherche en Science Naturelles de Lwiro Bukavu D.R. Congo Université Evangélique en Afrique Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques et Environnement Bukavu D.R. Congo Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation Kabale Uganda Institute d’enseignement Supérieur de Ruhengeri Ruhengeri Rwanda college of Science and Technology Mbarara University Kampala Uganda Greater Virunga Transboundary Collaboration Kigali Rwanda

Monitoring of environmental parameters is one of the highest priorities in the evaluation of environmental status of water resources and in environmental protection policy. The main objectives are to understand and evaluate the water quantity and quality in order to provide water of appropriate quality to various water users. The water quantity was assessed by the measurement of runoff or discharge at specific river cross sections using floating method for surface water and bucket and stopwatch method for springs and boreholes. The quality of river water and spring was identified in terms of its physical, chemical, and biological parameters. The analyzed data were compared with standard values recommended by WHO. Macroinvertebrates were collected in the rivers using a plankton nets and 10 minutes of sampling. Identification was made at the laboratory of Malacology. Results revealed that the quality of water obtained from sampling points is generally good to use for different domestic purposes except the Idanta River and Rwembwe borehole, which need an appropriate treatment before use. All sampling points are located far from houses and latrines, which can contribute to fecal contamination. On the different sampling points, bathing and washing clothes were observed and could constitute the source of pollution of drinking water. In Idanta and Kamira Rivers animals used water for drinking while also people use this water for domestic and drinking. In the two sampling points high values of Escherichia coli were found. No pollutant-taxa tolerant were found in the two monitored rivers for macroinvertebrates. Since water quality and quantity remain a major challenge in rural areas, the government should provide safe water to the population around Mikeno sector after treatment using suitable techniques.

关键词： Water Quality Quantity Greater Virunga Landscape Macroinvertebrates Indicators D.R. Congo