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Reduction of global natural gas hydrate(NGH)resource estimation and implications for the NGH development in the South China Sea

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Petroleum Science 2022年第1期19卷 3-12页

作者： Xiong-Qi Pang Cheng-Zao Jia Zhang-Xing Chen He-Sheng Shi Zhuo-Heng Chen Tao Hu Tong Wang Zhi Xu Xiao-Han Liu Xing-Wen Zhang en-Ze Wang Zhuo-Ya Wu Bo Pang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum resources and Prospecting Beijing102249China college of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing100007China Chemical and Petroleum engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryT2N 1N4Canada Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd. GuangzhouGuangdong 510240China Geological Survey of Canada Natural Resources CanadaCalgaryT2L 2A7Canada School of Earth&Space sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

There have been at least 29 groups of estimates on the global natural gas hydrate(NGH)resource since1973,varying greatly with up to 10,000 times and showing a decreasing trend with *** the South China Sea(SCS),35 groups of estimations were conducted on NGH resource potential since 2000,while these estimates kept almost the same with time,varying between 60 and 90 billion tons of oil equivalent(toe).What are the key factors controlling the variation trend?What are the implications of these variations for the NGH development in the world and the SCS?By analyzing the investigation characteristics of NGH resources in the world,this study divided the evaluation process into six stages and confirmed four essential factors for controlling the variations of *** indicated that the reduction trend reflects an improved understanding of the NGH formation mechanism and advancement in the resource evaluation methods,and promoted more objective evaluation ***,the analysis process and improved evaluation method was applied to evaluate the NGH resources in the SCS,showing the similar decreasing trend of NGH resources with *** utilizing the decreasing trend model,the predicted recoverable resources in the world and the SCS are(205-500)×10^(12)m^(3)and(0.8-6.5)×10^(12)m^(3),respectively,accounting for 20%of the total conventional oil and gas *** NGH resource in the SCS is only about 4%-6%of the previous estimates of 60-90 billion *** extracted completely,it only can support the sustainable development of China for 7 years at the current annual consumption level of oil and *** cannot be the main energy resource in future due to its low resource potential and lack of advantages in recovery.

关键词： Natural gas hydrate Resource evaluation South China Sea Global NGH resource Reduction trend in NGH resource

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QTL Mapping for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in a Common Wheat RIL Population Derived from Chuanmai 32/Chuanyu 12

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1775-1782页

作者： WU Ling XIA Xian-chun ZHenG You-liang ZHANG Zheng-yu ZHU Hua-zhong LIU Yong-j ian YANG en-nian LI Shi-zhao HE Zhong-hu Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science Chengdu 610066 P.R. China Institute of Crop sciences National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 P.R.China Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 P..R. China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office/Chinese Academy of Agricultural sciences Beijing 100081 P.R China Plant Protection Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science Chengdu 610066 P.R.China college of Agriculture Siehuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 P.R.China

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a devastating wheat disease worldwide. The Chinese wheat cultivar Chuanmai 32 has shown stable resistance to stripe rust for 10 yr in Sichuan Province, a hotspot for stripe rust epidemics. The objective of the present study was to map quantitative trait loci （QTL） for adult-plant resistance （APR） to stripe rust in a population of 140 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from Chuanmai 32/Chuanyu 12. Field trials were conducted in Chengdu and Yaan, Sichuan, from 2005 to 2008, providing stripe rust reaction data for 6 environments. 797 simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were screened for association with stripe rust reaction, initially through bulked segregant analysis （BSA）. Based on the mean disease values averaged across environments, the broad-sense heritability of maximum disease severity （MDS） was 0.75. Two QTLs for stripe rust resistance were detected by composite interval mapping （CIM）. They were designated ***-3BL and ***-3BS and explained from 6.6 to 20.1%, respectively, of the phenotypic variance across environments. ***-3BL came from Chuanmai 32; ***-3BS with lower effect was from the susceptible parent Chuanyu 12. Both QTLs appear to be new.

关键词： APR Triticum aestivum microsatellites quanitative trait locus yellow rust

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Effects of Three Nitrification Inhibitors on the Nitrogen Conversion in Purple Soil and Its Effect on the Nitrogen Uptake of Citrus Seedlings

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Agricultural sciences 2018年第6期9卷 655-669页

作者： Wenli Li Zhenzhen Zhang Danping Li Chaoyi Guo Yujiang Li Min Yang Xiaojun Shi Yueqiang Zhang college of resources and environment Southwest University Chongqing China Academy of Agricultural sciences Southwest University Chongqing China National Monitoring Station of Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency on Purple Soils Chongqing China

Experiments were carried out to study the effects of nitrification inhibitors (NI) on the transformation of soil nitrogen (N) in purple soil and the effects on the N accumulation in different organs of citrus seedlings. In incubation and pot experiments, the rate of nitrification inhibitors 2-chloro-6-trichloro-methyl pyridine (Nitrapyrin), 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and dicyandiamide (DCD) was 2.4%, 1.0% and 5.0% of N rate, respectively. The trend of different nitrification inhibitors on ammonium nitrogen ( NH+4-N ), nitrate nitrogen ( NO-3-N ) content and pH was compared in incubation experiment;and the effect of different NI on the dry matter quality, N uptake of citrus seedling was studied in pot experiment. The results showed that NI could significantly inhibit soil nitrification in the early culture period (p DMPP > en (calculated as nitrogen application rate). Application of NI increased the height and dry matter accumulation, N accumulation of citrus seedling grown in pot experiment. Thus, application of NI would be helpful for improving N use efficiency in purple soil which is one of major soil types for citrus production in China.

关键词： Citrus Nitrification Inhibitors Soil Nitrogen

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Mapping the potential for offshore aquaculture of salmonids in the Yellow Sea

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2022年第3期4卷 329-342页

作者： Shuang‑en Yu Shuang‑Lin Dong Zhi‑Xin Zhang Yu‑Yang Zhang Gianluca Sarà Jie Wang Yun‑Wei Dong Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education College of FisheriesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266235China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio‑resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyInnovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Laboratory of Ecology Department of Earth and Marine SciencesUniversity of Palermo90128 PalermoItaly

Mariculture has been one of the fastest-growing global food production sectors over the past three *** the congestion of space and deterioration of the environment in coastal regions,offshore aquaculture has gained increasing *** salmon(Salmo salar)and rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)are two important aquaculture species and contribute to 6.1%of world aquaculture production of *** the present study,we established species distribution models(SDMs)to identify the potential areas for offshore aquaculture of these two cold-water fish species considering the mesoscale spatio-temporal thermal heterogeneity of the Yellow *** values of the area under the curve(AUC)and the true skill statistic(TSS)showed good model *** suitability index(SI),which was used in this study to quantitatively assess potential offshore aquaculture sites,was highly dynamic at the surface water ***,high SI values occurred throughout the year at deeper water *** potential aquaculture areas for *** and *** in the Yellow Sea were estimated as 52,270±3275(95%confidence interval,CI)and 146,831±15,023 km^(2),*** results highlighted the use of SDMs in identifying potential aquaculture areas based on environmental *** the thermal heterogeneity of the environment,this study suggested that offshore aquaculture for Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout was feasible in the Yellow Sea by adopting new technologies(e.g.,sinking cages into deep water)to avoid damage from high temperatures in summer.

关键词： Aquaculture potential Offshore aquaculture Oncorhynchus mykiss Salmo salar Species distribution models The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass

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融雪径流的关键影响因子识别及中长期融雪径流预测

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2023年第6期33卷 1313-1333页

作者：赵红玲李鸿雁轩云卿鲍珊珊次旦央宗刘莹莹李昌海姚美初 college of New energy and environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Key Laboratory of Groundwater resources and environment Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water resources and environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Department of Civil engineering Swansea University Bay CampusFabian WaySwansea SA18ENUK Yellow River engineering Consulting Co.Ltd. Zhengzhou 450003China

Snowmelt runoff is a vital source of fresh water in cold regions. Accurate snowmelt runoff forecasting is crucial in supporting the integrated management of water resources in these regions. However, the performances of such forecasts are often very low as they involve many meteorological factors and complex physical processes. Aiming to improve the understanding of these influencing factors on snowmelt runoff forecast, this study investigated the time lag of various meteorological factors before identifying the key factor in snowmelt processes. The results show that solar radiation, followed by temperature, are the two critical influencing factors with time lags being 0 and 2 days, respectively. This study further quantifies the effect of the two factors in terms of their contribution rate using a set of empirical equations developed. Their contribution rates as to yearly snowmelt runoff are found to be 56% and 44%, respectively. A mid-long term snowmelt forecasting model is developed using machine learning techniques and the identified most critical influencing factor with the biggest contribution rate. It is shown that forecasting based on Supporting Vector Regression(SVR) method can meet the requirements of forecast standards.

关键词： snowmelt runoff mid-long term forecast SVR cold regions

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Comparative genomic analysis of Thermus provides insights into the evolutionary history of an incomplete denitrification pathway

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mLife 2022年第2期1卷 198-209页

作者： Jian-Yu Jiao Zheng-Han Lian Meng-Meng Li Nimaichand Salam en-Min Zhou Lan Liu Hong Ming Guoxing Nie Wensheng Shu Guoping Zhao Brian P.Hedlund Wen-Jun Li State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)School of Life SciencesSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina International Joint Research Center for Karstology School of Earth SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina Synthetic Biology engineering Laboratory of Henan Province College of Life Sciences and TechnologyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina college of Fisheries Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina Institute of Ecological Science School of Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina Institute of Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina School of Life sciences University of NevadaLas VegasNevadaUSA Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine University of NevadaLas VegasNevadaUSA State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiChina

Biological denitrification is a crucial process in the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle,and Thermus has been reported to be a significant heterotrophic denitrifier in terrestrial geothermal ***,neither the denitrification potential nor the evolutionary history of denitrification genes in the genus Thermus or phylum Deinococcota is well ***,we performed a comparative analysis of 23 Thermus genomes and identified denitrification genes in 15 Thermus *** confirmed that Thermus harbors an incomplete denitrification pathway as none of the strains contain the nosZ *** character state reconstructions and phylogenetic analyses showed that narG,nirS,and norB genes were acquired by the last common ancestor of Thermales and were inherited *** contrast,nirK of Thermales was acquired via two distinct horizontal gene transfers from Proteobacteria to the genus Caldithermus and from an unknown donor to the common ancestor of all known Thermus species except Thermus *** study expands our understanding of the genomic potential for incomplete denitrification in Thermus,revealing a largely vertical evolutionary history of the denitrification pathway in the Thermaceae,and supporting the important role for Thermus as an important heterotrophic denitrifier in geothermal environments.

关键词： comparative genomics denitrification evolutionary history Thermus

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Evaluation and re-understanding of the global natural gas hydrate resources

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Petroleum Science 2021年第2期18卷 323-338页

作者： Xiong-Qi Pang Zhuo-Heng Chen Cheng-Zao Jia en-Ze Wang He-Sheng Shi Zhuo-Ya Wu Tao Hu Ke-Yu Liu Zheng-Fu Zhao Bo Pang Tong Wang State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas resources and Prospecting Beijing102249China college of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Geological Survey of Canada Natural Resources CanadaCalgaryT2L 2A7Canada China National Oil and Gas Corporation Beijing100007China School of Earth&Space sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd Guangzhou510240China CSIRO Earth Science and Resource engineering P.O.Box 1130BentleyWA6102Australia Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen1350KøbenhavnDenmark

Natural gas hydrate(NGH)has been widely considered as an alternative to conventional oil and gas resources in the future energy resource supply since Trofimuk’s first resource assessment in *** least 29 global estimates have been published from various studies so far,among which 24 estimates are greater than the total conventional gas *** drawn in chronological order,the 29 historical resource estimates show a clear downward trend,reflecting the changes in our perception with respect to its resource potential with increasing our knowledge on the NGH with time.A time series of the 29 estimates was used to establish a statistical model for predict the future *** model produces an expected resource value of 41.46×1012 m3 at the year of *** statistical trend projected future gas hydrate resource is only about 10%of total natural gas resource in conventional reservoir,consistent with estimates of global technically recoverable resources(TRR)in gas hydrate from Monte Carlo technique based on volumetric and material balance *** the technical challenges and high cost in commercial production and the lack of competitive advantages compared with rapid growing unconventional and renewable resources,only those on the very top of the gas hydrate resource pyramid will be added to future energy *** is unlikely that the NGH will be the major energy source in the future.

关键词： Natural gas hydrate Global gas hydrate resource Conventional oil and gas resource Renewable and sustainable energy Trend analysis method

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A~60-Ma-long,high-resolution record of Ediacaran paleotemperature

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Science Bulletin 2022年第9期67卷 910-913,M0003页

作者： Biao Chang Chao Li Thomas J.Algeo Timothy W.Lyons Wei Shi Meng Cheng Genming Luo Zhenbing She Shucheng Xie Jinnan Tong Maoyan Zhu Junhua Huang Ian Foster Aradhna Tripati State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and environmental Geology School of Earth ScienceChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221-0013USA Department of Earth and Planetary sciences University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology&Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China college of Earth and Planetary sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China UMR6538 Géosciences Océan Institut Universitaire Européen de la MerTechnopôle Brest-IroisePlouzané29280France Department of Earth Planetary and Space SciencesDepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesInstitute of the Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

The Ediacaran Period(~635–539 Ma)was a critical time in Earth history due to large increases in atmospheric and oceanic oxygen levels and rapid evolution of early animals[1].It was also an interval of major climatic and geochemical perturbations,such as the~580-Ma Gaskiers Glaciation[2](Fig.S1 online)and the late Ediacaran Shuram Excursion(SE;also known as DOUNCE or en3 in South China,see Fig.S2 online),which was the largest negative carbonate carbon isotope(δ13Ccarb)excursion in Earth history[3,4].In contrast to established redox,biological,and C-cycling records for the Ediacaran,however,no secular,high-resolution paleotemperature record with climatic significance has been reported to date,impeding our understanding of the relationships among major environmental,biological,geochemical,and climatic processes and milestones.

关键词：温度记录氧化还原环境陡山沱组后生动物气候记录碳循环高分辨率

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Cumberland River Resource Stewardship and Protection: Managing the Cumberland River and the Land Between the Lakes Landscapes

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第2期13卷 92-111页

作者： Kenneth R. Olson college of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA

Cumberland River formed on Cumberland Plateau by confluence of the Poor and Clover forks in Harlan county, Kentucky and loops south through northern Tennessee. It joints the Ohio River at Smithland, Kentucky. The Cumberland River is 1107 km long and has a drainage area of 46,830 km2. The Cumberland crosses a highland bench in Cumberland Plateau and flows in a gorge between 90 - 120 m cliffs. The Cumberland Falls is 20.7 m high. The river enters the central limestone basin of Tennessee, turning north, crosses the plain of western Kentucky to Ohio River at Smithland, Kentucky and at one point it is less than 3 km from Tennessee River. The Cumberland River had a long history of transporting furs, canoes, guns, armies, settlers, coal products and manufactured goods in the 1700s and 1800s. Three separate forks (Martin’s Fork, Clover Fork, and Poor Fork) flow out of the Appalachian Mountains in southeast Kentucky near the Virginia border to form the headwaters of the Cumberland River near Harlan, Kentucky. Steamboat traffic on the Cumberland River increased substantially in the 1800s as expanding coal fields, stone quarries and Tennessee produce began to be shipped throughout the region. The Cumberland River was surveyed during this period and between 1832 and 1838 Congress appropriated $155,000 for improving commercial navigation. With this infusion of money the United States Army Corps of engineers (USACE) could clear the river of snags and build wing dams to deepen the channel. A 1060 km Cumberland River regional trail system, similar to the Tennessee River regional trail system under development, is needed to promote recreational tourism and increase use of the Cumberland River and basin. The primary objectives are: 1) to document how the landscape and geological resources of the Cumberland River have contributed to the successful water resource and economic development of a historic region in North America, 2) to identify future risks to the natural and en

关键词： Barkley Lake Tennessee Valley Authority TVA

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Study of“bright spots”in seismic reflection data

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Global Geology 2017年第2期20卷 106-111页

作者： YANG Li HAN Liguo LU Zhanwu HU Yong college of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Key Laboratory of Earth Probe and Geodynamics Ministry of Land and ResourcesBeijing 100037China

"bright spot" on reflection seismic profile has been regarded as one of the important indications of oil and gas,and it has been widely used in the oil and gas exploration. Moreover,with the development of new technologies,"bright spot" technique has been gradually applied to the exploration of coal,underground water and other fields,and also in the research of deep structure of the earth. Based on the reviewing of published literatures,the authors described the structural features and generation of "bright spot" on seismic profile for energy resources exploration and crustal-scale deep seismic reflection profiles,and further summarized the applications of the "bright spot"technique in energy resource exploration and deep structure research.

关键词： seismic reflection bright spot resources and energy deep structure

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