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Driving forces analysis of reservoir wetland evolution in Beijing during 1984-2010

作者： Shanping Qin Gang Yin Yuhang Experimental Senior School Hangzhou College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Geographical practice power competence is the quality and action ability of students in a series of practical activities such as investigation, investigation and experiment. Based on the curriculum development of the Tangxi Ancient Town, this study takes action research as the approach to cultivating students’ systematic geographic practice ability in a familiar and real geographical situation. In the process of implementation, students should give full play to their dominant position and follow the scientific and operable principles. Finally, four geography course resources are developed around the ancient town, providing diversified methods for geography teaching. It not only enriches the teaching content, but also improves the students’ geographical practice power competence.

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第4期23卷 753-768页

作者：宫兆宁李洪赵文吉宫辉力 Base of the State Laboratory of Urban environmental Processes and Digital Modeling Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application of Ministry Key Laboratory of resource environment and GIS of Beijing college of resource environment & tourism Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China

The reservoir wetland, which is the largest artificial wetland in Beijing, constitutes one of the important urban ecological infrastructures. Considering two elements of natural environment and socio-economy, this paper established the driving factor indexing system of Beijing reservoir wetland evolution. Natural environment driving factors include precipitation, temperature, entry water and groundwater depth; social economic driving factors include resident population, urbanization rate and per capita GDP. Using multi-temporal Landsat TM images from 1984 to 2010 in Beijing, the spatial extent and the distribution of Beijing reservoir wetlands were extracted, and the change of the wetland area about the three decade years were analyzed. Logistic regression model was used to explore for each of the three periods： from 1984 to 1998, from 1998 to 2004 and from 2004 to 2010. The results showed that the leading driving factors and their influences on reservoir wetland evolution were different for each period. During 1984-1998, two natural environment indices： average annual precipitation and entry water index were the major factors driving the increase in wetland area with the contribution rate of Logistic regression being 5.78 and 3.50, respectively, and caused the wetland growth from total area of 104.93 km 2 to 219.96 km 2 . From 1998 to 2004, as the impact of human activities intensified the main driving factors were the number of residents, groundwater depth and urbanization rate with the contribution rate of Logistic regression 9.41, 9.18, and 7.77, respectively, and caused the wetland shrinkage rapidly from the total area of 219.96 km 2 to 95.71 km 2 . During 2004-2010, reservoir wetland evolution was impacted by both natural and socio-economic factors, and the dominant driving factors were urbanization rate and precipitation with the contribution rate of 6.62 and 4.22, respectively, and caused the wetland total area growth slightly to 109.73 km 2 .

关键词： reservoir wetland driving force Logistic regression model Beijing

Genotypic variations in the accumulation of Cd exhibited by different vegetables

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第8期22卷 1246-1252页

作者： Junxing Yang Haitao Guo Yibing Ma Liqun Wang Dongpu Wei Luo Hua Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China The Key Laboratory of resource environment and GIS College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 China

It is an important approach to use the Cd-contaminated soils properly by growing low accumulator or excluder plants for Cd to produce safe foods. To find the suitable vegetable species for growing in Cd-contaminated soils, in the present study the variations in the Cd accumulation for twenty eight vegetable species and several cultivars of five common vegetables （cowpea, kidney pea, bitter gourd, cucumber and squash） were investigated in two soil Cd levels （1 and 2 mg/kg Cd）. Experimental results showed that highly significant differences in Cd concentration were evident among 28 vegetables. For example, spinach Cd concentrations were 110-fold and 175-fold higher than that of sweet pea under the 1 and 2 mg/kg Cd exposures, respectively. For Cd accumulation, the order of vegetable species was： leafy vegetables solanaceous vegetables kale vegetables root vegetables allimus melon vegetables legumes. Distinctive differences were also identified when comparing different cultivars of the five common vegetables with an average range of 0.003–0.094 mg/kg Cd. Our results indicated that a large genotypic variation existed among vegetable species or cultivars when subjected to Cd exposure. Therefore, it is important and feasible to elect/breed vegetable species/cultivars with low accumulation of Cd, especially in mildly Cd-contaminated soils.

关键词： vegetables cadmium accumulation genotypic variations

Soil Degradation and Food Security Coupled with Global Climate Change in Northeastern China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第5期23卷 562-573页

作者： GONG Huili MENG Dan LI Xiaojuan ZHU Feng Base of the State Key Laboratory of Urban environmental Processes and Digital Modeling Key Laboratory of resource Environment and Geographic Information System in Beijing Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application Ministry of Education College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

The northeastern China is an important commodity grain region in China,as well as a notable corn belt and major soybean producing area.It thus plays a significant role in the national food security system.However,large-scale land reclamation and non-optimum farming practices give rise to soil degradation in the region.This study analyzed the food security issues coupled with global climate change in the northeastern China during 1980–2000,which is the period of modern agriculture.The results of statistical data show that the arable land area shrank markedly in 1992,and then increased slowly,while food production generally continually increased.The stable grain yield was due to the increase of applied fertilizer and irrigated areas.Soil degradation in the northeastern China includes severe soil erosion,reduced soil nutrients,a thinner black soil layer,and deterioration of soil physical properties.The sustainable development of the northeastern China is influenced by natural-artificial binary disturbance factors which consist of meteorological conditions,climate changes,and terrain factors as well as soil physical and chemical properties.Interactions between the increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation in the region led to reduced accumulation of soil organic matter,which results in poor soil fertility.Human-induced factors,such as large-scale land reclamation and non-optimum farming practices,unsuitable cultivation systems,dredging,road building,illegal land occupation,and extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides,have led to increasingly severe soil erosion and destruction.Solutions to several problems of soil degradation in this region requiring urgent settlement are proposed.A need for clear and systematic recognition and recording of land use changes,land degradation,food production and climate change conditions is suggested,which would provide a reference for food security studies in the northeastern China.

关键词：中国东北地区全球气候变化土壤退化食品安全退化问题粮食安全问题土地利用变化耕作方式

Vulnerability of Chinese rural-to-urban migrants to social exclusion:Spatial pattern and mechanism

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第3期10卷 572-583页

作者： Juanjuan Zhao Haojie Pan Merih Wahid Fangzhou Liu College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China Manatee County Public Works BradentonFL34208USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of MunichMunich80333Germany

In response to China’s new“people-oriented urbanization”strategy,investigating the current integration situation of rural-to-urban migrants(RUMs)in cities is essential.However,existing studies have not focused on their subjective willingness and adaptive capacity.Moreover,the mechanism of RUMs’urban integration has not been fully explored.The conceptual framework of vulnerability,which originated from the discipline of natural hazards,is perfectly constructive to address these drawbacks.It consists of three main components,including exposure,sensitivity,and adaptive capacity.Vulnerability index has been constructed and calculated by combining the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and Delphi method.The spatial pattern of vulnerability level is also analyzed with geographic information system(GIS).Furthermore,the underlying mechanism of vulnerability and its associated factors are investigated with the principle component regression.Three major conclusions are reached.First,the vulnerability level of the RUMs to social exclusion presents a heterogeneous pattern between inland and coastal cities in Shandong Province.Second,while the exposure and sensitivity level of each city correlate spatially with the vulnerability level,RUMs’adaptive capacity further moderates it.Lastly,the level of urban development is revealed to be a key factor influencing vulnerability.This study offers meaningful references to promote inclusive urbanization and sustainable urban development.

关键词： RUMs Social exclusion Vulnerability Spatial pattern Mechanism

Bioassay: A useful tool for evaluating reclaimed water safety

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 165-176页

作者： Jianying Xu Dongbin Wei Feipeng Wang Chenzhong Bai Yuguo Du State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Wastewater reclamation and reuse has been proved to be an effective way to relieve the fresh water crisis.However, toxic contaminants remaining in reclaimed water could lead to potential risk for reuse, and the conventional water quality standards have difficulty guaranteeing the safety of reclaimed water.Bioassays can vividly reflect the integrated biological effects of multiple toxic substances in water as a whole, and could be a powerful tool for evaluating the safety of reclaimed water.Therefore, in this study, the advantages and disadvantages of using bioassays for evaluating the safety of reclaimed water were compared with those of conventional water quality standards.Although bioassays have been widely used to describe the toxic effects of reclaimed water and treatment efficiency of reclamation techniques, a single bioassay cannot reflect the complex toxicity of reclaimed water, and a battery of bioassays involving multiple biological effects or in vitro tests with specific toxicity mechanisms would be recommended.Furthermore, in order to evaluate the safety of reclaimed water based on bioassay results, various methods including potential toxicology, the toxicity unit classification system, and a potential eco-toxic effects probe are summarized as well.Especially, some integrated ranking methods based on a bioassay battery involving multiple toxicity effects are recommended as useful tools for evaluating the safety of reclaimed water, which will benefit the promotion and guarantee the rapid development of the reclamation and reuse of wastewater.

关键词： Reclaimed water Water quality Safety evaluation Toxicity Bioassay

Heat Health Risk and Adaptability Assessments at the Subdistrict Scale in Metropolitan Beijing

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第6期13卷 987-1003页

作者： Xiaokang Su Fang Wang Demin Zhou Hongwen Zhang Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Beijing Meteorological Disaster Prevention Center Beijing 100089China

Against the background of global climate change, the increasing heat health risk from the combined effect of changes in high temperature, exposure, vulnerability, and other factors has become a growing concern.Yet the low number of temperature observation stations is insufficient to represent the complex changes in urban heatwaves, and subdistrict-scale(town, township, neighborhood committee, and equivalent) heat health risk and adaptability assessments are still limited. In this study, we built daytime and nighttime high-temperature interpolation models supported by data from 225 meteorological stations in Beijing.The models performed well at interpolating the cumulative hours of high temperature and the interpolation quality at night was better than that during the day. We further established a methodological framework for heat health risk and adaptability assessments based on heat hazard, population exposure, social vulnerability, and adaptability at the subdistrict scale in Beijing. Our results show that the heat health risk hotspots were mainly located in the central urban area,with 81 hotspots during the day and 76 at night. The average value of the heat health risk index of urban areas was 5.60 times higher than that of suburban areas in the daytime,and 6.70 times higher than that of suburban areas in the night. Greater population density and higher intensity of heat hazards were the main reasons for the high risk in most heat health risk hotspots. Combined with a heat-adaptive-capacity evaluation for hotspot areas, this study suggests that 11high-risk and low-adaptation subdistricts are priority areas for government action to reduce heat health risk in policy formulation and urban development.

关键词： Beijing Heat health risk Heat adaptability High-temperature interpolation models Subdistrict scale

Valuation of Lake and Marsh Wetlands Ecosystem Services in China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第3期24卷 269-278页

作者： ZHANG Yiran ZHOU Demin NIU Zhenguo XU Fengjiao Base of the State Key Laboratory of Urban environmental Processes and Digital Modeling College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences

Wetlands are highly productive natural ecosystems, providing valuable goods and services. There is growing interest in transferring ecosystem service value from the existing wetlands studied to other wetlands ecosystems at a large geographic scale. The benefit transfer method uses the known values from wetlands to predict the value of other wetland sites. This methodology requires only limited time and resources. The present study calculated the value of the ecological services provided by lake and marsh wetlands in China in terms of biodiversity indices, water quality indices and economic indices. Basic data on wetlands were obtained through remote sensing images. The results show that: 1) The total ecosystem service value of the lake and marsh wetlands in 2008 was calculated to be 8.1841 × 1010 United States Dollars(USD), with the marsh and lake wetlands contributing 5.6329 × 1010 and 2.5512 × 1010 USD, respectively. Values of marsh ecosystem service were concentrated in Heilongjiang Province(2.5516 × 1010 USD), Qinghai Province(1.2014 × 1010 USD), and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(1.1884 × 1010 USD). The value of the lakes were concentrated in Tibet Autonomous Region(6.223 × 109 USD), Heilongjiang(5.810 × 109 USD), and Qinghai(5.500 × 109 USD). 2) Waste treatment and climate regulation services contributed to 26.29% and 24.74% respectively, of the total ecosystem service value of the marsh wetlands. Hydrological regulation and waste treatment contributed to 41.39% and 32.75%, respectively, of the total ecosystem service value of the lake wetlands. 3) The total ecological service value of the lake and marsh wetlands was 54.64% of the total service value of natural grassland ecosystems and 30.34% of the total service value of forests ecosystems in China.

关键词：生态系统服务价值沼泽湿地中国森林生态系统服务功能生态服务价值生物多样性指数湖泊湿地估值

Nutrient Loss from Various Land-Use Areas in Shixia Small Watershed of Miyun County, Beijing, China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2003年第2期22卷 173-178页

作者：王晓燕王晓峰王振刚汪青平蔡新广 college of resource Environment & Tourism Capital Normal University Soil/Water Conservation Station of Miyun County

In the Shixia small watershed, twenty experimental plots and two monitoring channels, the residential area and livestock areas were used to monitor the flow, runoff and erosion. Nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations associated with various land uses were analyzed at the same time. The results are presented as follows: (1) TP, TN and COD concentrations of runoff samples in the residential area and livestock areas are nearly 10 times those in other land-use areas. High nutrient loads are associated with village land use, which is due to unsuitable livestock rising. These areas should be treated as the critical areas of non-point source pollution. (2) Different land-use influences intensity the loss of nutrients, especially slope tillings in agricultural land. The amount of nutrient loss from agricultural land per unit is highest, that from forestry is intermediate and that from pastures is lowest. However, in consideration of the variability of land-use areas, agricultural land contributes the greatest to TP and forestry land to TN. (3) The concentrations of TN and TP in sediments from gangues are highest, those in forestry land are intermediate, and those in agricultural land are lowest. Nutrient loss from hilly areas is much greater than from mountainous areas.

关键词：土地利用类型氮磷营养损失北京农业用地土壤侵蚀

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艾比湖流域典型荒漠植被水分利用来源研究

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第6期32卷 1103-1118页

作者：郝帅李发东 college of Geographic Science and tourism Xinjiang Normal UniversityUrumqi 830054China Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid AreaUrumqi 830054China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China college of resource and environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

In arid and semi-arid environments,desert vegetation plays an important role in preventing soil erosion by wind and helps maintain the stability of desert and oasis ecosystems.Four types of typical desert vegetation,namely Populus euphratica,Haloxylon ammodendron,Nitraria sibirica,and Halostachs caspica,corresponding to different habitats(i.e.,river bank,sand dune,desert,and salt marsh)were chosen as the model vegetation in this research.Theδ^(2)H andδ^(18)O for rainwater,soil water,and plant water were applied to identify the water sources and quantify the proportions of different water sources used over the entire plant growth period(from March to October).The results showed that the precipitationδ^(2)H andδ^(18)O in the Ebinur Lake basin varied from-142.5‰to-0.6‰and from-20.16‰to 1.20‰,respectively.The largestδ^(2)H andδ^(18)O values occurred in summer and the smallest in winter.The soil waterδ^(2)H andδ^(18)O of the four habitats decreased gradually with increasing depth.Theδ^(2)H andδ^(18)O values of water extracted from the stems of the four plants had similar variation trends,that is,the maximum was observed in spring and the minimum in summer.Among the four plants,H.caspica had the highest stable isotopic values in the stem water,followed by N.sibirica,H.ammodendron,and P.euphratica.The water sources and utilization ratios of desert vegetation varied across different growth stages.Throughout the growing period,H.ammodendron mainly used groundwater,whereas the water source proportions used by N.sibirica varied greatly throughout the growing season.In spring,plants mainly relied on surface soil water,with a contribution rate of 80%-94%.However,in summer,the proportion of deep soil water used was 31%-36%;and in autumn,the proportion of middle soil water used was 33%-36%.H.caspica mainly relied on topsoil water in spring and autumn,and the proportion of soil water in the middle layer slightly increased to 20%-36%in summer.P.euphratica mainly used intermediate soil water in spring with a utilization rate of 53

关键词： desert vegetation water use stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen Ebinur Lake basin