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Enhanced dynamics of Al3+/H+ ions in aqueous aluminum ion batteries:Construction of metastable structures in vanadium pentoxide upon oxygen vacancies

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 562-569页

作者： Zhibao Wang Hanqing Gu Tianci Wu Wenming Zhang Zhanyu Li Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic information and Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University

In recent years,aqueous aluminum ion batteries have been widely studied owing to their abundant energy storage and high theo retical *** in-depth study of vanadium oxide materials is necessary to address the precipitation of insoluble products covered cathode surface and the slow reaction ***,a method using a simple one-step hydrothermal preparation and oxalic acid to regulate oxygen vacancies has been reported.A high starting capacity(400 mAh g-1) can be achieved by Ov-V2O5,and it is capable of undergoing 200 cycles at 0.4 A g-1,with a termination discharge capacity of103 mAh *** analysis demonstrated that metastable structures（AlxV2O5and HxV2O5） were constructed through the insertion of Al3+/H+during discharging,which existed in the lattice intercalation with *** incorporation of oxygen vacancies lowers the reaction energy barrier while improving the ion transport *** addition,the metastable structure allows the electrostatic interaction between Al3+and the main backbone to establish protection and optimize the transport *** parallel,this work exploits ex-situ characterization and DFT to obtain a profound insight into the instrumental effect of oxygen vacancies in the construction of metastable structures during in-situ electrochemical activation,with a view to better understanding the mechanism of the synergistic participation of Al3+and H+in the *** work not only reports a method for cathode materials to modulate oxygen vacancies,but also lays the foundation for a deeper understanding of the metastable structure of vanadium oxides.

关键词： Electrochemical activation Metastable structure Oxygen vacancies Vanadium pentoxide

Intelligent integrated sensing and communication:a survey

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第03期68卷 5-46页

作者： Jifa ZHANG Weidang LU Chengwen XING Nan ZHAO Naofal AL-DHAHIR George K.KARAGIANNIDIS Xiaoniu YANG School of information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of Technology college of information Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology School of information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising technique to increase spectral efficiency and support various emerging applications by sharing the spectrum and hardware between these functionalities. However, the traditional ISAC schemes are highly dependent on the accurate mathematical model and suffer from the challenges of high complexity and poor performance in practical scenarios. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a viable technique to address these issues due to its powerful learning capabilities, satisfactory generalization capability, fast inference speed, and high adaptability for dynamic environments, facilitating a system design shift from model-driven to data-driven. Intelligent ISAC, which integrates AI into ISAC, has been a hot topic that has attracted many researchers to investigate. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of intelligent ISAC, including its motivation, typical applications, recent trends, and challenges. In particular, we first introduce the basic principle of ISAC, followed by its key techniques. Then, an overview of AI and a comparison between model-based and AI-based methods for ISAC are provided. Furthermore, the typical applications of AI in ISAC and the recent trends for AI-enabled ISAC are reviewed. Finally, the future research issues and challenges of intelligent ISAC are discussed.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning deep reinforcement learning federated learning generative artificial intelligence integrated sensing and communication machine learning transfer learning

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Efficient white-light-emitting lead-free halide double perovskites enabling full-spectrum pc-WLEDs

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期68卷 305-306页

作者： Xiaoyong Huang college of physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

With the rapid development of solid-state lighting, an important goal of phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (pc-WLEDs) is to provide a healthy and comfortable fullspectrum artificial light source with a co... 详细信息

关键词： spectrum white light

Quantum public-key crypto via EPR pairs

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 54-59页

作者： Xiang-Qun Fu Hong-Wei Li Jian-Hong Shi Tan Li Wan-Su Bao Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum information and Cryptography Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou 450004China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum information and Quantum physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

With the development of quantum computing technology,quantum public-key cryptography is gradually becoming an alternative to the existing classical public-key *** paper designs a quantum trapdoor one-way function via EPR pairs and quantum *** on this,a new quantum public-key cryptosystem is presented,which offers forward security,and can resist the chosen-plaintext attack and chosen-ciphertext *** with the existing quantum public-key cryptos,eavesdropping can be automatically detected in this new quantum public-key cryptosystem under a necessary condition,which is also detailed in the paper.

关键词： quantum public-key crypto trapdoor one-way function EPR pairs

Quantum purification for coherent states and its application

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 37-50页

作者： Lei Wang Geng Chai Zhengwen Cao Xinlei Chen Kexin Liang Jinye Peng Laboratory of Quantum information and technology School of Information Science and TechnologyNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710127China

The inevitable decoherence of quantum states leaks information to the environments and reduces the practical performance of quantum-information *** purification of coherent states provides an easy-to-implement approach to decouple from the environments utilizing the correlation of several ***,repeated transmission of quantum states reduces the randomness of the collectivity and generates security *** this paper,we propose a modified purification scheme and apply it to the continuous-variable quantum secure direct communication(CV-QSDC)protocol based on coherent *** designed purification scheme improves the security capacity of communication systems through the effective suppression of excess noises,accompanied by the maintenance of source-side *** conduct a proof-of-principle experiment of the purification scheme in the CV-QSDC *** appearance of transmitted quantum states in phase space and two-dimensional Gaussian distributions have high goodness of fit at two *** security capability of this system is improved by 43.6%as the excess noise is reduced to 0.58 times the original noise by purification.

关键词： quantum purification coherent state quantum secure direct communication

In situ seed layer bandgap engineering leading to the conduction band offset reversion and efficient Sb2Se3 solar cells with high open-circuit voltage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 201-212页

作者： Yanting Jiang Weiyu Wang Zhirong Chen Zhenyu Fang Qiqiang Zhu Qiao Zheng Jionghua Wu Hui Deng Weihuang Wang Shuying Cheng Fuzhou University Institute of Micronano Devices & Solar Cells College of Physics & Information Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Photovoltaic Science and Engineering

Sb2Se3solar cells have achieved a power conversion efficiency（PCE） of over 10%.However,the serious open-circuit voltage deficit(VOC-deificit),induced by the hard-to-control crystal orientation and heterojunction interface reaction,limits the PCE of vapor transport deposition（VTD） processed Sb2Se3solar *** overcome the VOC-deficit problem of VTD processed Sb2Se3solar cells,herein,an in-situ bandgap regulation strategy is innovatively proposed to prepare a wide band gap Sb2（S,Se）3seed layer（WBSL） at CdS/Sb2Se3heterojunction interface to improve the PCE of Sb2Se3solar *** analysis results show that the introduced Sb2（S,Se）3seed layer can enhance the [001] orientation of Sb2Se3thin films,broaden the band gap of heterojunction interface,and realize a "Spike-like" conduction band alignment withΔEc=0.11 *** addition,thanks to the suppressed CdS/Sb2Se3interface reaction after WBSL application,the depletion region width of Sb2Se3solar cells is widened,and the quality of CdS/Sb2Se3interface and the carrier transporting performance of Sb2Se3solar cells are significantly improved as ***,the harmful Se vacancy defects near the front interface of Sb2Se3solar cells can be greatly diminished by ***,the PCE of Sb2Se3solar cells is improved from 7.0% to 7.6%;meanwhile the VOCis increased to 466 mV which is the highest value for the VTD derived Sb2Se3solar *** work will provide a valuable reference for the interface and orientation regulation of antimony-based chalcogenide solar cells.

关键词： Band gap alignment Carrier transport Crystal orientation Open circuit voltage deficit Seed-layer

An Improved Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Algorithm Based on XGBoost Grouping for Consortium Chains

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1295-1311页

作者： Xiaowei Wang Haiyang Zhang Jiasheng Zhang Yingkai Ge Kexin Cui Zifu Peng Zhengyi Li Lihua Wang college of Electronic and information Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China

In response to the challenges presented by the unreliable identity of the master node,high communication overhead,and limited network support size within the Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerant(PBFT)algorithm for consortium chains,we propose an improved PBFT algorithm based on XGBoost grouping called XG-PBFT in this ***-PBFT constructs a dataset by training important parameters that affect node performance,which are used as classification indexes for *** XGBoost algorithm then is employed to train the dataset,and nodes joining the system will be grouped according to the trained grouping *** them,the nodes with higher parameter indexes will be assigned to the consensus group to participate in the consensus,and the rest of the nodes will be assigned to the general group to receive the consensus *** order to reduce the resource waste of the system,XG-PBFT optimizes the consensus protocol for the problem of high complexity of PBFT ***,we evaluate the performance of *** experimental results show that XG-PBFT can significantly improve the performance of throughput,consensus delay and communication complexity compared to the original PBFT algorithm,and the performance enhancement is significant compared to other algorithms in the case of a larger number of *** results demonstrate that the XG-PBFT algorithm is more suitable for large-scale consortium chains.

关键词： Consortium chain PBFT grouping reputation XGBoost

An Enhanced Lung Cancer Detection Approach Using Dual-Model Deep Learning Technique

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 835-867页

作者： Sumaia Mohamed Elhassan Saad Mohamed Darwish Saleh Mesbah Elkaffas Department of information technology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21526Egypt college of Computing and information technology Arab Academy for ScienceTechnology and Maritime TransportAlexandriaP.O.Box 1029Egypt

Lung cancer continues to be a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide,emphasizing the critical need for improved diagnostic *** detection of lung tumors significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and ***,current diagnostic methods often fail to detect tumors at an early stage or to accurately pinpoint their location within the lung ***-model deep learning technologies for lung cancer detection,while beneficial,cannot capture the full range of features present in medical imaging data,leading to incomplete or inaccurate ***,it may not be robust enough to handle the wide variability in medical images due to different imaging conditions,patient anatomy,and tumor *** overcome these disadvantages,dual-model or multi-model approaches can be *** research focuses on enhancing the detection of lung cancer by utilizing a combination of two learning models:a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)for categorization and the You Only Look Once(YOLOv8)architecture for real-time identification and pinpointing of *** automatically learn to extract hierarchical features from raw image data,capturing patterns such as edges,textures,and complex structures that are crucial for identifying lung ***8 incorporates multiscale feature extraction,enabling the detection of tumors of varying sizes and scales within a single *** is particularly beneficial for identifying small or irregularly shaped tumors that may be challenging to ***,through the utilization of cutting-edge data augmentation methods,such as Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks(DCGAN),the suggested approach can handle the issue of limited data and boost the models’ability to learn from diverse and comprehensive *** combined method not only improved accuracy and localization but also ensured efficient real-time processing,which is crucial for practical clinical applicati

关键词： Lung cancer detection dual-model deep learning technique data augmentation CNN YOLOv8

New results on finite-time stability and instability theorems for stochastic nonlinear time-varying systems

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 186-199页

作者： Weihai ZHANG Liqiang YAO college of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and Technology School of Mathematics and information Science Yantai University

This paper studies finite-time stability and instability theorems in the probability sense for stochastic nonlinear timevarying systems. Firstly, a new sufficient condition is proposed to guarantee that the considered system has a global ***, we propose new finite-time stability and instability criteria that relax the constraints on LV(the infinitesimal operator of Lyapunov function V) by the uniformly asymptotically stable function. On the one hand, these obtained results make up for the shortcomings of the existing results. On the other hand, the new finite-time stability theorems can be viewed as natural extensions of the existing results and also allow LV to be indefinite(negative or positive) rather than just only allow LV < ***, some simulation examples verify the validity of the theoretical results.

关键词： stochastic nonlinear systems finite-time stability finite-timeinstability uniformly asymptotically stable function