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Increased excitatory amino acid transporter 2 levels in basolateral amygdala astrocytes mediate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behavior

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1721-1734页

作者： Xirong Xu Shoumin Xuan Shuai Chen Dan Liu Qian Xiao Jie Tu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation for Neurological Diseases Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina University of Chinese of Academy of sciences BeijingChina Faculty of life and Health sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

The conventional perception of astrocytes as mere supportive cells within the brain has recently been called into question by empirical evidence, which has revealed their active involvement in regulating brain function and encoding behaviors associated with ***, astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala have been found to play a role in the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors triggered by chronic stress. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which basolateral amygdala astrocytes regulate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behaviors remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that in a mouse model of anxiety triggered by unpredictable chronic mild stress, the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 was upregulated in the basolateral amygdala. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the targeted knockdown of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically within the basolateral amygdala astrocytes was able to rescue the anxiety-like behavior in mice subjected to stress. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, whether achieved through intracranial administration of excitatory amino acid transporter 2agonists or through injection of excitatory amino acid transporter 2-overexpressing viruses with GfaABC1D promoters, evoked anxiety-like behavior in mice. Our single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further confirmed that chronic stress induced an upregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically in astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala. Moreover, through in vivo calcium signal recordings, we found that the frequency of calcium activity in the basolateral amygdala of mice subjected to chronic stress was higher compared with normal *** knocking down the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, the frequency of calcium activity was not significantly increased, and anxiety-like behavior was ob

关键词： anxiety astrocytes basolateral amygdala behavior dihydrokainic acid excitatory amino acid transporter 2 fiber photometry glutamate LDN-212320 transporter

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Influence of Samarium on Learning and Memory Function of Rats

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第Z2期24卷 419-422页

作者：施维林申秀英马锡英 School of life sciences Shaoxing College of Arts and Sciences School of life and Environment Zhejiang Normal University

Sixty-four Spraque-Dawley (SD) big rats with weaning weight of (195 qqqqqq 15) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 males and 8 females each group. One group drunk with de-ionized water served as control and was also used for analysis of the background. The other three groups rats were raised by de-ionized water containing low, middle and high concentrations of Sm for four months, then learning and memory tests were carried out in Y-electric maze. Compared with the control rats, the learning and memory of rats in low and middle groups shows a deterioration trend, exhibiting the function degradation of rats' brain. It may results from the rare earth elements through blood-brain barrier affecting the normal physiological functions of rats' brain. In addition, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rals' brain tie-creases , while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA.) concentration increases. The decreased SOD activity and the increased MDA mean the degeneration the ability of anti-oxidation in rats' brain, which are accordance with the degradation of learning and memory function of rats in low and middle Sm groups.

关键词： samarium learning-memory SOD MDA rare earth element

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Anthropogenic nesting materials and reproductive performance of Chinese Bulbuls(Pycnonotus sinensis)along the urbanization gradient in Hangzhou,China

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Avian Research 2024年第4期15卷 431-437页

作者： Xingmin Chen Qin Zhang Sisi Lan Qin Huang Shuihua Chen Yanping Wang Laboratory of Island Biogeography and Conservation Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China college of Chemistry and life sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Zhejiang Museum of natural History Hangzhou310012China

Urbanization induced by human activities presents both challenges and adaptive opportunities for *** notable impact of urban sprawl is the vast amount of waste it produces,which has discernible effects on ***,an emerging trend has been observed that birds are incorporating anthropogenic materials into their ***,the relationship between anthropogenic nesting materials(ANMs)and the reproductive performance of urban birds is *** this study,we investigated the relationship between the incorporation of ANMs into nests and the reproductive performance of Chinese Bulbuls(Pycnonotus sinensis)by monitoring and collecting data on 136 breeding nests in Hangzhou,*** gathered data on seven reproductive traits of Chinese Bulbuls,including laying date,incubation period,nestling period,clutch size,egg volume,hatching success rate,and fledging success *** then calculated the urbanization synthetic index as a measure of the level of urbanization and examined its relationship with the proportion and weight of *** examination of nest components,we observed significant increase in the proportion and weight of ANMs with the urbanization synthetic ***,we found a higher hatching success rate of Chinese Bulbuls with an increasing proportion of ***,the inclusion of ANMs in nests was not correlated with other reproductive traits of Chinese ***,the use of ANMs by Chinese Bulbuls is consistent with the adaptive hypothesis and the availability *** studies should use controlled experiments to investigate the impact of ANMs on avian reproductive success.

关键词： Adaptive hypothesis Anthropogenic nesting materials Availability hypothesis Hatching success Reproductive traits Urbanization

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Targeting harmful effects of non-excitatory amino acids as an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2454-2463页

作者： Victoria Jiménez Carretero IrisÁlvarez-Merz Jorge Hernández-Campano Sergei A.Kirov Jesús M.Hernández-Guijo Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research(IRYCIS) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Institute of Neurobiology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine&Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

The involvement of the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate in ce rebral ischemia and excitotoxicity is ***,the role of non-excitatory amino acids in brain damage following a stroke or brain trauma remains largely *** release of amino acids by necrotic cells in the ischemic core may contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversible loss of field excitato ry postsynaptic potentials caused by transient hypoxia became irreversible when exposed to a mixture of just four non-excitatory amino acids(L-alanine,glycine,L-glutamine,and L-serine)at their plasma *** amino acids induce swelling in the somas of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,along with permanent dendritic damage mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal damage in the presence of these amino acids during *** is likely that astroglial swelling caused by the accumulation of these amino acids via the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system N transporters activates volume-regulated anion channels,leading to the release of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal damage through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ***,previously unrecognized mechanisms involving non-excitatory amino acids may contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurological emergencies such as stroke and traumatic brain *** these pathways co uld highlight new therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury.

关键词： cell swelling N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor non-excitatory amino acids stroke synaptic transmission

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Combined effects of two sulfonylurea herbicides on soil microbial biomass and N-mineralization

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2001年第3期13卷 311-317页

作者： A.M.EL-Ghamry HUANG Chang-yong XU Jian-ming college of natural Resources and Environmental sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029China

The interaction effect of two sulfonylurea herbicides, bensulfuron methyl (B) and metsulfuron methyl(M), were tested on microbial biomass C, N, N mineralization and C/N ratio in a loamy sand soil. The herbicides were applied at various levels of: control (B0M0), 0.01 and 0.01 (B1M1), 0.01 and 0.1 (B1M2), and 0.01 and 1.0 (B1M3) μg/g soil. Determinations of soil microbial biomass C, N and N mineralization contents were carried out at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 25 and 45 days after herbicides application. The results showed that the soil microbial biomass C (C mic ) and microbial biomass N (N mic ) decreased consistently with the increasing rates of herbicides. The results further indicated that B1M1 and B1M2 caused a significant reduction in C mic and N mic within first 10 and 7 days of incubation, respectively, as compared with the control. These reductions in C mic and N mic were also significant ( P =0.05) with B1M3 application especially within first 15 days of incubation. A significant reduction in N mineralization (N min) was observed with high doses (B1M2, B1M3) of herbicides within first 5 days of incubation, while low rate (B1M1) failed to produce any significant effect. An increase in the soil microbial biomass C:N ratio was also noted.

关键词： bensulfuron methyl metsulfuron methyl C mic N mic N mineralization loamy sand soil

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Exclusion of interspecific competition reduces scatter-hoarding of Siberian chipmunk Tamias sibiricus:A field study

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第2期15卷 127-134页

作者： Yinhua DENG Mengyao JU Xianfeng YI college of life sciences Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchangChina college of life sciences Qufu Normal UniversityQufuChina

Although food availability and the abundance of seed predators have been postulated to affect seed dispersal,it is not clear how seed-eating animals modify their scatter-hoarding strategies in response to different levels of interspecific *** placed paired germinated and ungerminated acorns of Quercus mongolica on 30-cm high platforms to exclude potential interspecific competition of the predominant larder hoarders Apodemus peninsulae and Myodes rufocanus,to investigate seed dispersal by a predominant scatter-hoarder,Tamias sibiricus,in the field in north-eastern *** results showed that *** ate more acorns in situ in the absence of interspecific *** the presence of interspecific competition of *** and ***,however,more acorns were scatter-hoarded by *** of interspecific competition,germination of acorns showed no significant effects on seed dispersal patterns,inconsistent with the“seed perishability hypothesis”that animals avoid hoarding seeds with high *** of interspecific competition,though relatively increasing the per capita seed abundance,appears to reduce seed dispersal,scatter-hoarding and seedling ***,we propose that moderate interspecific competition rather than competition exclusion may benefit seed scatter-hoarding and seedling establishment.

关键词： interspecific competition Quercus mongolica. seed dispersal seed perishability Tamias sibiricus

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Olfaction alters spatial memory strategy of scatter-hoarding animals

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第1期16卷 128-135页

作者： Sijie YI Minghui WANG Mengyao JU Xianfeng YI college of life and Environmental sciences University of ExeterExeterUK college of life sciences Qufu Normal UniversityQufuChina

Although it has been suggested that olfaction is closely interconnected with hippocampal systems,whether olfaction regulates spatial memory strategy remains never ***,no study has examined how olfaction mediates spatial memory established on the external objects,for example,caches made by scatter-hoarding ***,we experimentally induced nondestructive and reversible olfaction loss of a scatter-hoarding animal Leopoldamys edwardsi,to test whether and how olfaction regulates spatial memory to mediate cache recovery and *** results showed that the normal *** preferred to pilfer caches of others rather than to recover their own using accurate spatial memory(35.7%vs.18.6%).Anosmic *** preferred to recover the caches they made prior to olfaction loss rather than to pilfer from others relied on spatial memory(54.2%vs.36.0%).However,*** with anosmia showed no preference either to the caches they established after olfaction loss or caches made by others(25.8%vs.29.1%).These collectively indicate that olfaction loss has a potential to affect new memory formation but not previously established spatial memory on *** study first showed that olfaction modified spatial memory strategy in cache recovery and pilferage behaviors of scatter-hoarding *** suggest that future studies pay more attention to the evolution of olfaction and its relationship with spatial memory strategy.

关键词： cache pilferage cache recovery olfaction scatter-hoarding spatial memory

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Purification and characterization of vitellin in mature ovary of marine crab Charybdis japonica

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2008年第2期26卷 162-165页

作者：谢松郭成秀柳峰松梁晓晖 college of life sciences Hebei University

Vitellin of mature female marine crab Charybdis japonica was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, DEAE-cellulose-16 anion exchange column). The apparent molecular mass of the vitellin is 546 ku based on the data of native-PAGE. Under denatured condition (SDS-PAGE), it was found that vitellin was composed of four polypeptides each at 120, 100, 65, and 55 ku. One disulfide bond was detected in the binding of polypeptide subunits. The purified vitellin, contained 4.47% phosphor and 10.6% polysaccharides, and was identified as glyco-lipo-carotenoprotein, according to the PAGE staining data. The purified vitellin can be used as antigen to raise polyclonal antisera in further application.

关键词： Charybdis japonica vitellin purification characterization

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Structures,Components and Functions of Secretory Tissues in Houttuynia cordata

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第12期49卷 1734-1745页

作者： Xi-Lu Ni Li Peng Wen-Zhe Liu college of life sciences Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China college of life sciences Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China

Houttuynia cordata Thunb., traditionally used as a therapeutic plant in folk medicine, has shown antioxidant and anticancer activities. The species, as a core component of paleoherbs, is normally characterized based on the presence of different types of secretory tissue： oil cells, three types of secretory cells and glandular hairs. The aim of this work was to study the structural, componential, and the functional characteristics of the secretory tissues in both the floral and vegetative parts. The results indicate that oil cells and secretory cells are distributed in all organs of the plant, while glandular hairs are situated on the aerial stems and leaves. Both oil cells and glandular hairs initiate from the protoderm, but their developmental processes are different. Although three types of secretory cells initiate from different primary meristems, the developmental patterns of different secretory cells are the same. Also, although the origins of secretory cells are different from oil cells, their early developmental processes are the same. Histochemical results show that oil cells, secretory cells and glandular hairs produce flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, lipids, aldehyde and ketone-compounds. In addition, there are terpenoids and pectic-like substances in oil cells, alkaloids in secretory cells of aerial stems, and terpenoids and alkaloids in glandular hairs. These compounds play very important roles in protecting plants from being eaten by herbivores （herbivory） and infected by microbial pathogens. The oil cell and secretory cell, as unicellular secretory tissues, are intermediates between the primitive surface glandular and secretory cavity and canal during the evolution of secretory structures.

关键词： components functions glandular hairs Houttuynia cordata oil cells secretory ceils secretory tissues structures.

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MicroRNAs and Their Cross-Talks in Plant Development

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第4期40卷 161-170页

作者： Danfeng Jin Yue Wang Yuhua Zhao Ming Chen Department of Bioinformatics College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityZijingang Campus Institute of Microbiology College of Life SciencesZhejiang University

Plant development is a complex process influenced by exogenous and endogenous elements.A series of postembryonic developmental events is involved to form the final architecture and contend with the changing ***（miRNA） is one of endogenous non-coding RNAs,which plays an important role in plant developmental *** this review,we summarized 34 miRNA families that are closely associated with plant *** these families,nine are expressed only in specific organs,whereas 20 families are expressed in at least two different *** is known that some miRNAs are expressed across most processes of plant growth,while some appear only at particular developmental stages or under special environmental conditions such as drought,waterlogging and short-day *** miRNAs execute their diverse functions by regulating developmental gene expression levels,interacting with phytohormone signaling response,participating in the biogenesis of ta-siRNAs and affecting the production of miRNAs.

关键词： MicroRNA Development Regulation Cross-talk Plant

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