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Dynamic foraging strategy adaptation to heterogeneous environments contributes to social aggregation in snub-nosed monkeys

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 39-54页

作者： Lan Zhao Sheng-Nan Ji Xiao-Bing Du Jia-Hui Liu Bo-Lun Zhang Pei-Hua Li Yi-Jun Yang Bao-Guo Li Yan-Qing Guo Xiao-Guang Qi college of life sciences Northwest UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710069China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengduSichuan 610041China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

The dynamics of animal social structures are heavily influenced by environmental patterns of competition and *** folivorous colobine primates,prevailing theories suggest that larger group sizes should be favored in rainforests with a year-round abundance of food,thereby reducing feeding ***,paradoxically,larger groups are frequently found in high-altitude or high-latitude montane ecosystems characterized by a seasonal scarcity of *** contradiction is posited to arise from cooperative benefits in heterogeneous *** investigate this hypothesis,we carried out a six-year field study on two neighboring groups of golden snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellana),a species representing the northernmost distribution of colobine *** showed that the groups adjusted their movement and habitat selection in response to fluctuating climates and spatiotemporal variability of resources,indicative of a dynamic foraging ***,during the cold,resource-scarce conditions in winter,the large group occupied food-rich habitats but did not exhibit significantly longer daily travel distances than the smaller neighboring ***,we compiled an eco-behavioral dataset of 52 colobine species to explore their evolutionary *** of this dataset suggested that the increase in group size may have evolved via home range expansion in response to the cold and heterogeneous climates found at higher altitudes or ***,we developed a multi-benefits framework to interpret the formation of larger groups by integrating environmental *** cold and diverse environments,even smaller groups require larger home ranges to meet their dynamic survival *** spatiotemporal distribution of high-quality resources within these expanded home ranges facilitates more frequent interactions between groups,thereby encouraging social aggregation into larger *** process enhances the benefits of collabor

关键词： Social evolution Folivore paradox MLS Rhinopithecus roxellana Multi-benefits framework

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The influence of wing morphology upon intraspecific divergence in birds: A global study of subspecies richness

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 196-201页

作者： Haiying Fan Weibin Guo Buge Lin Zhiqing Hu Changcao Wang Shaobin Li School of life sciences Jinggangshan UniversityJi’An343009China State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062China college of life Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434023China

Since the time of Darwin,subspecies have been recognized as an initial stage in the evolution of ***,the impact of dispersal on subspecies richness in birds globally has received little attention,despite dispersal being a key factor in determining the rate of evolution and playing a significant role in evolutionary ***,it is important to conduct a comprehensive study to address this *** this study,we aimed to assess the association between subspecies richness(measured by the number of subspecies)and dispersal ability(measured by the hand-wing index)on a global scale,using a dataset of over 7000 bird *** results revealed a negative correlation between dispersal ability and the number of subspecies,without any quadratic *** wing is a crucial phenotypic trait for birds,and the concept of subspecies is important in speciation theory and conservation ***,our findings not only enhance our understanding of the association between avian morphological traits and evolutionary divergence but also have implications for the conservation of avian species diversity.

关键词： Dispersal Gene flow Hand-wing index Subspecies richness

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Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus) nestlings adapt their begging behavior to the host signal system

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Avian Research 2024年第3期 352-362页

作者： Sabah Mushtaq Puswal Guo Zhong Xuan Zhang Longwu Wang Wei Liang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province College of Life Sciences Hainan Normal University School of life sciences Guizhou Normal University

Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) dependent on parental care for post-hatching demonstrate an intriguing ability to modify their begging vocalizations to ensure maximum care and resources from their interspecific foster parents. Here, we compared begging calls of the Common Cuckoo nestlings fed by four host species, the Grey Bushchat(Saxicola ferreus), Siberian Stonechat(Saxicola maurus), Daurian Redstart(Phoenicurus auroreus),and Oriental Magpie-robin(Copsychus saularis). Results showed that begging calls of the stonechat–, redstart–,and robin–cuckoo resemble those of host species' nestlings in various aspects like low frequency, high frequency,frequency bandwidth and peak frequency, while the bushchat–cuckoo chicks' begging calls were only comparable to their host species in terms of how long they lasted and their peak frequency. In addition, cuckoo nestlings raised in different host nests displayed significant variations in their begging calls in low and peak *** study suggests that cuckoo nestlings do not mimic host species nestlings' begging calls throughout the nestling period, but may tune their begging calls according to host species, while begging calls vary with cuckoo and host species nestlings' ages. Future research should study the parents' reactions to these calls in different host species for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying such adaptations.

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Seasonal Variation of Hearing Sensitivity in the Red-eared Slider(Trachemys scripta elegans)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 82-89页

作者： Tongliang WANG Jinxia YANG Handong LI Jinhong LEI Haitao SHI Jichao WANG Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158HainanChina

Seasonal variation of hearing sensitivity has been observed in many vertebrate groups with obvious vocal *** hormones,conspecific calling signals,and temperature are potential factors that drive these plasticity *** have a hearing range that appears to be limited to under 1.5 kHz and are often thought to be non-vocal;thus,they are commonly neglected in vocal communication *** this study,we aimed to determine whether the auditory phenotype exhibits seasonal variation in sensitivity and to analyze the potential factors driving such variation patterns in *** measured hearing sensitivity and sex hormone levels in female(estradiol)and male(testosterone and dihydrotestosterone)Red-eared sliders(Trachemys scripta elegans)during spring and *** results showed that auditory brainstem response(ABR)thresholds were significantly lower in spring than in winter at a frequency range of 0.5-0.9 *** hearing-sensitivity bandwidth was wider,and the ABR latency was significantly shorter in spring than in *** significant differences were found in estradiol,testosterone,and dihydrotestosterone levels in *** elegans between spring and *** study is the first to reveal the seasonal variation of peripheral hearing sensitivity in turtles,a special animal group with limited hearing range and less *** variations may be used to explain these seasonal effects,but further research is required to confirm our findings.

关键词： auditory plasticity seasonal variation temperature turtles

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Identification of rural courtyards’utilization status using deep learning and machine learning methods on unmanned aerial vehicle images in north China

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Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 799-818页

作者： Maojun Wang Wenyu Xu Guangzhong Cao Tao Liu college of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China college of Urban and Environmental sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The issue of unoccupied or abandoned homesteads(courtyards)in China emerges given the increasing aging population,rapid urbanization and massive rural-urban *** the aspect of rural vitalization,land-use planning,and policy making,determining the number of unoccupied courtyards is *** and questionnaire-based surveys were currently the main approaches,but these traditional methods were often expensive and laborious.A new workflow is explored using deep learning and machine learning algorithms on unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)***,features of the built environment were extracted using deep learning to evaluate the courtyard management,including extracting complete or collapsed farmhouses by Alexnet,detecting solar water heaters by YOLOv5s,calculating green looking ratio(GLR)by *** precisions exceeded 98%.Then,seven machine learning algorithms(Adaboost,binomial logistic regression,neural network,random forest,support vector machine,decision trees,and XGBoost algorithms)were applied to identify the rural courtyards’utilization *** Adaboost algorithm showed the best performance with the comprehensive consideration of most metrics(Accuracy:0.933,Precision:0.932,Recall:0.984,F1-score:0.957).Results showed that identifying the courtyards’utilization statuses based on the courtyard built environment is *** is transferable and cost-effective for large-scale village surveys,and may contribute to the intensive and sustainable approach to rural land use.

关键词： unoccupied homesteads courtyard built environment inner courtyard management GLR solar water heaters machine learning algorithms

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Effects of Dietary Changes on the Gut Microbiota of Cynops orientalis

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 63-72页

作者： Yuting WANG Yuning XIE Siyu WU Wenwen ZHANG Xiner CHENG Zixuan LI Fangfei HAN Jiayi SHI Yingying SHI Zhirong HE Chunna ZHANG Yixin JIANG Na ZHAO Jiaqi LI Supen WANG college of life sciences Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000AnhuiChina Nanjing Institute of Environmental sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of ChinaNanjing 210042JiangsuChina School of Ecology and Environment Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of health for amphibians,and it has been fully recognized,but the effectiveness of various influencing factors has not yet been fully *** this association should be considered while the amphibian order Caudata is facing a severe situation of population decline and extinction,there is little understanding of the association between diets and the diversity of gut microbiota in the amphibian order ***,we conducted an extensive analysis of the gut microbiota of Cynops orientalis fed different diets using functional prediction and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing ***,we found that wild individuals had greater gut microbial diversity and richness in comparison to captive ***,we identified the bacterial taxa associated with diets and observed differences in the relative abundance of gut microbiota among people on various ***,we have a predictive comprehension of the selection and adaptative significance of shared core ASVs in the gut microbiota in maintaining the healthy survival of *** in a large-scale spatiotemporal *** study emphasizes how diets alter the gut microbiota of Caudata and offers fresh perspectives on the conservation and captive management of species in Caudata.

关键词： 16S rRNA Caudata core microbiota diet gut microbiota

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Lineaperpetua ***.:a new diatom genus in the Thalassiosirales supported by morphology and molecular data

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 277-290页

作者： Pan YU Lin YANG Qingmin YOU John Patrick KOCIOLEK Kangyu WANG Yonghong BI Quanxi WANG college of life sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ColoradoUCB 218Boulder CO 80309USA

Based on a combination of morphology and molecular data of ribosomal DNA genes,a new diatom genus Lineaperpetua ***,You,Kociolek&Wang is *** features that help define Lineaperpetua at the level of genus include:a tangentially undulated valve face;continuous cribra areolae on the valve interior consisting of pores arranged as strips;single rimoportula located inside the ring of marginal ***,phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear small subunit(SSU)rDNA sequences and nuclear large subunit(LSU)rDNA gene placed the three strains of *** in a single,monophyletic clade at a considerable sequence distance from the other genera(Thalassiosira,Conticribra,Planktoniella,Shinodiscus,and other genera)belonging to *** the similarities with some species of Thalassiosira,Conticribra,and Spicaticribra,the suite of features found in Lineaperpetua differentiate it from these other *** molecular data and morphological characters suggest an affinity of the new genus to the Thalassiosiraceae.

关键词： diatom morphology new genus phylogeny taxonomy Thalassiosiraceae

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Discovery of Triassic coal-bearing strata in the Daxing'anling Region, Northeast China

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2471-2473页

作者： Zhuolong Yang Pujun Wang Yulong Huang Youfeng Gao Chongyang Chen college of Earth sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Research Center of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China college of Geographic sciences and Tourism jilin Normal UniversitySiping 136000China

During the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic,a tectonic transition occurred in Northeast China,marking a shift from the Paleo-Asian Ocean to the Mongolian Okhotsk and Paleo-Pacific tectonic domains[1].As a result of regional compression induced by oceanic closure and continental collision,stratigraphic records from this period are scarce,but such records are essential for elucidating the tectonic and paleographic evolution of the region during the transition.

关键词： Northeast tectonic strata

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Combined effects of climate and land-use changes on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals in China

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Science China life sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2224-2233页

作者： Chao Zhang Yumei Li Wei Wang Zexuan Gao Hanqing Liu Yonggang Nie Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences college of life sciences Hebei University university of Chinese Academy of sciences

Climate and land-use changes are predicted to impact biodiversity, threatening ecosystem services and functions. However, their combined effects on the functional diversity of mammals at the regional scale remain unclear, especially at the beta level. Here, we use projected climate and land-use changes in China to investigate their potential effects on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals under low-and high-emission scenarios. In the current projection, we showed strong positive spatial correlations between functional richness and species richness. Functional evenness(FEve), functional specialization(FSpe), and functional originality(FOri)decreased with species richness, and functional divergence(FDiv) increased first and then plateaued. Functional beta diversity was dominated by its nestedness component, in contrast to the taxonomic facet. Potential changes in species richness are more strongly influenced by land-use change under the low-emission scenario, while under the high-emission scenario, they are more strongly influenced by climate change. Changes in functional richness(FRic) were inconsistent with those in species richness, with a magnitude of decreases greater than predicted from species richness. Moreover, mammal assemblages showed potential functional differentiation(FD) across the country, and the trends exceeded those towards taxonomic differentiation(TD). Our findings help us understand the processes underlying biodiversity responses to global changes on multiple facets and provide new insight for conservation plans.

关键词： climate change land-use change functional diversity terrestrial mammals biodiversity conservation

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The biological functions and metabolic pathways of valine in swine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 20-34页

作者： Chuni Wang Yao Peng Yiru Zhang Juan Xu Sheng Jiang Leli Wang Yulong Yin Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation College of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina

Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid. Due to the involvement of branchedchain amino acids in various metabolic pathways, there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and its role in animal physiology. In pigs, the interactions between valine and other branched-chain amino acids or aromatic amino acids are complex. In this review, we delve into the interaction mechanism, metabolic pathways, and biological functions of valine. Appropriate valine supplementation not only enhances growth and reproductive performances, but also modulates gut microbiota and immune functions. Based on past observations and interpretations, we provide recommended feed levels of valine for weaned piglets, growing pigs, gilts, lactating sows, barrows and entire males. The summarized valine nutrient requirements for pigs at different stages offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications in animal husbandry.

关键词： Additional dosage Biological function Metabolic pathway Pig Valine

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