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On-chip spiking neural networks based on add-drop ring microresonators and electrically reconfigurable phase-change material photonic switches

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 755-766页

作者： QIANG ZHANG NING JIANG YIQUN ZHANG ANRAN LI HUANHUAN XIONG GANG HU YONGSHENG CAO KUN QIU School of information and communication engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

We propose and numerically demonstrate a photonic computing primitive designed for integrated spiking neural networks (SNNs) based on add-drop ring microresonators (ADRMRs) and electrically reconfigurable phasechange material (PCM) photonic switches. In this neuromorphic system, the passive silicon-based ADRMR,equipped with a power-tunable auxiliary light, effectively demonstrates nonlinearity-induced dual neural dynamics encompassing spiking response and synaptic plasticity that can generate single-wavelength optical neural spikes with synaptic weight. By cascading these ADRMRs with different resonant wavelengths, weighted multiple-wavelength spikes can be feasibly output from the ADRMR-based hardware arrays when external wavelengthaddressable optical pulses are injected;subsequently, the cumulative power of these weighted output spikes is utilized to ascertain the activation status of the reconfigurable PCM photonic switches. Moreover, the reconfigurable mechanism driving the interconversion of the PCMs between the resonant-bonded crystalline states and the covalent-bonded amorphous states is achieved through precise thermal modulation. Drawing from the thermal properties, an innovative thermodynamic leaky integrate-and-firing (TLIF) neuron system is proposed. With the TLIF neuron system as the fundamental unit, a fully connected SNN is constructed to complete a classic deep learning task:the recognition of handwritten digit patterns. The simulation results reveal that the exemplary SNN can effectively recognize 10 numbers directly in the optical domain by employing the surrogate gradient algorithm. The theoretical verification of our architecture paves a whole new path for integrated photonic SNNs, with the potential to advance the field of neuromorphic photonic systems and enable more efficient spiking information processing.

关键词： neural networks precise

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Real-time UWOC miniaturized system based on FPGA and LED arrays and its application in MIMO

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 70-75页

作者：黄安殷洪玺梁彦军王建英沈众卫 School of information and communication engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

In order to alleviate the impact of turbulence on the performance of underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)in real time,and achieve high-speed real-time transmission and low cost and miniaturization of equipment,a 2×2 real-time multiple-input and multiple-output(MIMO)high-speed miniaturized UWOC system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)and a high-power light-emitting diode(LED)array is designed in this Letter.In terms of multiplexing gain,the imaging MIMO spatial multiplexing and high-order modulation for the first time are combined and the real-time high-speed transmission of PAM-4 signal based on the LED array light source in 12 m underwater channel at 100 Mbps rate is implemented,which effectively improves the throughput of the UWOC system with a high-power commercial LED light source.In light of diversity gain,the system employs the diversity of repeated coding scheme to receive two identical non-return-to-zero on-off keying(NRZ-OOK)signals,which can compensate the fading or flickering sublinks in real time under the bubble-like simulated turbulence condition,and has high robustness.To our knowledge,this is the first instance of a high rate and long-distance implementation of a turbulence-resistant real-time MIMO miniaturized UWOC system based on FPGA and high-power LED arrays.With spatial diversity or spatial multiplexing capabilities,its low cost,integrity,and high robustness provide the system with important practical prospects.

关键词： underwater wireless optical communication MIMO spatial diversity spatial multiplexing

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Thermogalvanic hydrogel-based e-skin for self-powered on-body dual-modal temperature and strain sensing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 293-302页

作者： Zhaosu Wang Ning Li Xinru Yang Zhiyi Zhang Hulin Zhang Xiaojing Cui college of Electronic information and Optical engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China college of Materials Science and engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China School of Physics and information engineering Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan030031China

Sensing of both temperature and strain is crucial for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.Here,we present a novel hydrogel-based electronic skin(e-skin)capable of dual-mode sensing of temperature and strain.The thermocouple ion selected for this study is the iodine/triiodide(I−/I3−)redox couple,which is a common component in everyday disinfectants.By leveraging the thermoelectric conversion in conjunction with the inherent piezoresistive effect of a gel electrolyte,self-powered sensing is achieved by utilizing the temperature difference between the human body and the external environment.The composite hydrogels synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)monomers using a simple freeze‒thaw method exhibit remarkable flexibility,extensibility,and adaptability to human tissue.The incorporation of zwitterions further augments the resistance of the hydrogel to dehydration and low temperatures,allowing maintenance of more than 90%of its weight after 48 h in the air.Given its robust thermal current response,the hydrogel was encapsulated and then integrated onto various areas of the human body,including the cheeks,fingers,and elbows.Furthermore,the detection of the head-down state and the monitoring of foot movements demonstrate the promising application of the hydrogel in supervising the neck posture of sedentary office workers and the activity status.The successful demonstration of self-powered on-body temperature and strain sensing opens up new possibilities for wearable intelligent electronics and robotics.

关键词： hydrogel modal utilizing

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Seamless Indoor-Outdoor Switching Localization Algorithm based on CKF

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Journal of communications and information Networks 2024年第1期9卷 88-98页

作者： Gang Yang Guodong Hou Ningning Feng Weida Meng School of communication and information engineering Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China

To solve the problem of large positioning error and discontinuous positioning of special forces members when moving in cross-region indoors and outdoors, and to compensate for the linearization error and local convergence problem that may exist in the extended Kalman filter(EKF)in nonlinear systems, that is,the iterative results may be trapped in a local optimum situation, a seamless indoor-outdoor switching localization algorithm based on cubature Kalman filter (CKF) is proposed. CKF does not require the computation of Jacobian matrices, which can improve computational efficiency and filtering accuracy to a certain extent. In the system, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) is employed to correct the positioning errors of ultra-wideband (UWB)and BeiDou navigation satellite system(BDS).The positioning data from UWB and BeiDou in cross-region are weighted fused and then fused with the data from the IMU using CKF to obtain the final accurate positioning information. This study designs a scene-switching mechanism to achieve seamless switching between indoor and outdoor positioning scenes. By jointly analyzing the positioning accuracy of UWB and BeiDou,the positioning scene is determined, and appropriate counting thresholds are set to avoid frequent erroneous scene switches. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a positioning accuracy of approximately 21.7 cm in cross-region,which can enable seamless integration of indoor and outdoor positioning,avoid positioning jumps, and enhance positioning accuracy.

关键词： cubature Kalman filtering ultra-wideband inertial measurement unit fusion positioning seamless switching

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Mutual information Maximization via Joint Power Allocation in Integrated Sensing and communications System

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China communications 2024年第2期21卷 129-142页

作者： Jia Zhu Junsheng Mu Yuanhao Cui Xiaojun Jing School of information and communication engineering Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

In this paper, we focus on the power allocation of Integrated Sensing and communication(ISAC) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) waveform. In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in ISAC, we propose a design scheme based on spectrum sharing, that is,to maximize the mutual information(MI) of radar sensing while ensuring certain communication rate and transmission power constraints. In the proposed scheme, three cases are considered for the scattering off the target due to the communication signals,as negligible signal, beneficial signal, and interference signal to radar sensing, respectively, thus requiring three power allocation schemes. However,the corresponding power allocation schemes are nonconvex and their closed-form solutions are unavailable as a consequence. Motivated by this, alternating optimization(AO), sequence convex programming(SCP) and Lagrange multiplier are individually combined for three suboptimal solutions corresponding with three power allocation schemes. By combining the three algorithms, we transform the non-convex problem which is difficult to deal with into a convex problem which is easy to solve and obtain the suboptimal solution of the corresponding optimization problem. Numerical results show that, compared with the allocation results of the existing algorithms, the proposed joint design algorithm significantly improves the radar performance.

关键词： coexistence communications multicarrier radar mutual information spectrum sharing

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Poles Extraction Based LiDAR Localization for Autonomous Robot Systems

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1413-1424页

作者： HONG Xin DONG Yi college of Electronic and information engineering Tongji University

With the development of intelligent technology, the problem of Li DAR-based localization has played an increasingly important role in the localization of robots in unmanned systems. Since the dense point clouds from the environment requires a large amount of memory, specific and stable structural features, such as pole-like objects in the environment, can serve as the ideal landmarks for localization in unmanned systems, which can effectively reduce the memory usage and mitigate the effects of dynamic environment changes. In this paper, the authors propose a pole-like objects extraction approach and then, it is applied into the localization system of mobile robots. Under the same experimental conditions, the proposed method can extract more pole-like objects and achieve better long-term localization accuracy than some existing methods in different urban environmental datasets.

关键词： Pole-like landmark extraction robot localization

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A survey on intelligence-endogenous network:Architecture and technologies for future 6G

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第1期5卷 53-67页

作者： Lanlan Li the School of communication and information engineering Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronics&InformationShanghai 201141China

With the maturity of 5G technology and global commercialization,scholars in institutions and industrial circles began to research 6G technology.An important innovation of 6G technology is to integrate artificial intelligence(AI)technology and communication technology to build a highly endogenous intelligent communication network.This paper investigates the process of AI technology introduced into the field of communication and reviews the use cases of the simulation and application of AI algorithms being discussed in 3GPP meetings in industry circles.In this research report,we first investigate the progress of AI technology in 5G network architecture and then discuss the requirements of endogenous intelligent 6G networks,which leads to the possible network architecture.This work aims to provide enlightening guidance for subsequent research of intelligence-endogenous 6G network.

关键词： 5G 6G intelligence-endogenous artificial intelligence

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Probabilistic modeling of multifunction radars with autoregressive kernel mixture network

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 275-288页

作者： Hancong Feng Kaili.Jiang Zhixing Zhou Yuxin Zhao Kailun Tian Haixin Yan Bin Tang School of information and communication engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

The task of modeling and analyzing intercepted multifunction radars(MFRs)pulse trains is vital for cognitive electronic reconnaissance.Existing methodologies predominantly rely on prior information or heavily constrained models,posing challenges for non-cooperative applications.This paper introduces a novel approach to model MFRs using a Bayesian network,where the conditional probability density function is approximated by an autoregressive kernel mixture network(ARKMN).Utilizing the estimated probability density function,a dynamic programming algorithm is proposed for denoising and detecting change points in the intercepted MFRs pulse trains.Simulation results affirm the proposed method's efficacy in modeling MFRs,outperforming the state-of-the-art in pulse train denoising and change point detection.

关键词： Probabilistic forecasting Multifunction radar Unsupervised learning Change point detection Outlier detection

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Performance Analysis and Optimization of Energy Harvesting Modulation for Multi-User Integrated Data and Energy Transfer

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China communications 2024年第1期21卷 148-162页

作者： Yizhe Zhao Yanliang Wu Jie Hu Kun Yang School of information and communication engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)enables the electromagnetic waves to transmit wireless energy at the same time of data delivery for lowpower devices.In this paper,an energy harvesting modulation(EHM)assisted multi-user IDET system is studied,where all the received signals at the users are exploited for energy harvesting without the degradation of wireless data transfer(WDT)performance.The joint IDET performance is then analysed theoretically by conceiving a practical time-dependent wireless channel.With the aid of the AO based algorithm,the average effective data rate among users are maximized by ensuring the BER and the wireless energy transfer(WET)performance.Simulation results validate and evaluate the IDET performance of the EHM assisted system,which also demonstrates that the optimal number of user clusters and IDET time slots should be allocated,in order to improve the WET and WDT performance.

关键词： energy harvesting modulation(EHM) integrated data and energy transfer(IDET) performance analysis wireless data transfer(WDT) wireless energy transfer(WET)

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Event-triggered H_(∞) consensus control for input-constrained multi-agent systems via reinforcement learning

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第1期22卷 25-38页

作者： Jinxuan Zhang Chang-E Ren college of information engineering Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100089China

This article presents an event-triggered H_(∞) consensus control scheme using reinforcement learning (RL) for nonlinear second-order multi-agent systems (MASs) with control constraints. First, considering control constraints, the constrained H_(∞) consensus problem is transformed into a multi-player zero-sum game with non-quadratic performance functions. Then, an event-triggered control method is presented to conserve communication resources and a new triggering condition is developed for each agent to make the triggering threshold independent of the disturbance attenuation level. To derive the optimal controller that can minimize the cost function in the case of worst disturbance, a constrained Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation is defined. Since it is difficult to solve analytically due to its strongly non-linearity, reinforcement learning (RL) is implemented to obtain the optimal controller. In specific, the optimal performance function and the worst-case disturbance are approximated by a time-triggered critic network;meanwhile, the optimal controller is approximated by event-triggered actor network. After that, Lyapunov analysis is utilized to prove the uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) stability of the system and that the network weight errors are UUB. Finally, a simulation example is utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy provided.

关键词： H_(∞)optimal control Input constrains Multi-agent systems(MASs) Reinforcement learning(RL)

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