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Application of phosphate-containing materials affects bioavailability of rare earth elements and bacterial community in soils

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第9期62卷 1616-1627页

作者： JIN ShuLan HU ZhongJun MAN BaiYing PAN HuaHua KONG Xiao JIN DeCai college of history Geography and TourismShangrao Normal UniversityShangrao 334000China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The exploitation and smelting of rare earths can cause serious pollution to the farmland around the mining area. The rare earth elements(REEs) are absorbed by crops and enter the human body through the food chain, which threatens people’s health. The effects of four phosphorus-containing materials-calcium superphosphate(SSP), phosphate rock(PR), calcium magnesium phosphate(CMP) and bone charcoal(BC) on rice growth and bacterial community structure in REE mining area of Xinfeng County were studied by pot experiment. The soil solution was collected during rice transplanting and harvest periods respectively, the rice and soil samples were collected and sequenced. The concentrations of water-soluble REEs were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), and bacteria in soil was deeply sequenced by the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform. PR, CMP and BC promoted the growth of rice, improved the biomass of rice roots, shoots and grains, and significantly reduced absorption and accumulation of REEs in rice roots, shoots and grains. SSP treatment reduced the pH value of soil, significantly improved the concentration of REE solution in soil and improved biomass of rice roots, shoots and grains,and significantly improved the concentration of REEs in grain. The effects of phosphorus-containing materials on the absorption and accumulation of 15 REEs in rice roots, shoots and grains were very different, and significantly influenced the soil bacterial community. SSP reduced richness and diversity of bacteria. CMP improved the diversity of soil bacteria, but reduced their richness. PR and BC treatment improved the richness and diversity of soil bacteria, and significantly increased the abundance of Bacillus. The results showed that adding PR, CMP and BC to soil in the REE mining area of Xinfeng can improve food security and eco-environmental quality, and hence, are potential restorative materials;SSP is not recommended for use in acidic soils.

关键词： calcium superphosphate phosphate rock calcium magnesium phosphorus bone charcoal rare earth elements rice bacterial community

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Influence of salinity and moisture on the threshold shear velocity of saline sand in the Qarhan Desert, Qaidam Basin of China: A wind tunnel experiment

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第5期11卷 674-684页

作者： LI Chao DONG Zhibao YIN Shuyan CHEN Guoxiang YANG Junhuai college of Geography and tourism Shaanxi Normal University

Determination of the threshold shear velocity is essential for predicting sand transport,dust release and *** this study,a wind tunnel experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of salinity and moisture on the threshold shear velocity of saline *** sand samples(mean particle size of 164.50–186.08μm and the total silt,clay and salt content of 0.80%–8.25%)were collected from three saline sand dunes(one barchan dune and two linear dunes)in the Qarhan Desert,Qaidam Basin of *** saline sand samples were placed in two experimental trays for wet and dry processing to simulate deliquescence and desiccation,*** moisture content ranging from 0.30% to 1.90% was generated by the steam method so that the saline sand can absorb water in a saturated water vapor *** motion of sand particles was determined by the observers with a solid *** laser sheet(0.80 cm thick),which was emitted by the solid laser,horizontally covered the sand surface and was bound to the *** show that the cohesion of saline sand results from a combination of salt and *** threshold shear velocity increases exponentially with the increase in crust thickness for the linear sand *** is a positive linear correlation between the original moisture content and relative threshold shear *** threshold shear velocity of dewatered sand is greater than that of wet sand with the same original moisture *** results will provide valuable information about the sand transport of highly saline soil in the desert.

关键词： threshold shear velocity saline sand barchan dune linear dune crust thickness moisture content Qaidam Basin

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Potentials of community-based tourism in transformations towards green economies after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in West China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第9期13卷 1688-1700页

作者： TANG Yong Department of tourism Management and Development College of Tourism and Urban-rural Planning Chengdu University of Technology

This study investigates the contrasting sceneries of community-based tourism after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and focuses on the potentials of tourism in transformations towards green economies. How are tourism and environment linked in a sustainable relationship? And how can potentials of community-based tourism be directed in transformations towards green economies? A qualitative research design is used to examine contrasting sceneries and specific green elements of community-based tourism in a Qiang people's fortress village in Mao County, Sichuan Province, West China and further discuss how tourism can be compatible with human wellbeing through demonstrating a commitment to sustainable development. The study argues that potential economic, social and environmental costs of tourism need to be considered when evaluating the loss of community benefits toward sustainability. The green elements suggest the potential of community-based tourism in transformations towards green economies, involving green agricultural, green building, and green energy, green governance, green service and green consumption. This study will contribute to the debate about the relationship between tourism and environment sustainability in the green economies, as well as the critique of what can be learned for community development from green tourism in mountainous regions after the inevitable natural disasters.

关键词： Green economy Sustainable tourism Green tourism Community tourism Wenchuanearthquake Mountains

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Dark Touristic Perception: Motivation, Experience and Benefits Interpreted from the Visit to Seismic Memorial Sites in Sichuan Province

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1326-1341页

作者： TANG Yong Department of tourism Development and Management College of Tourism and Urban-rural Planning Chengdu University of Technology

This study investigates the motivations of Chinese domestic tourists visiting seismic memorial sites after the great Wenchuan earthquake of 2008, and examines their interpretation of experiences and benefits of the visits. Recent research on dark tourism has raised the possibility that people are attracted to death and memorial sites in ways different from other tourist attractions. The study used an empirical research design employing questionnaires to collect data from 255 Chinese domestic visitors at seismic memorial sites in west Sichuan. Analysis revealed that the obligation of commemoration mixed with curiosity represents a different set of travel motivation in dark tourism settings than in other kinds of tourism. In addition, the empirical evidence also suggests an interrelated pattern between motivations, experiences and benefits. This study implies that Chinese domestic tourists were attracted in ways different from other tourist attractions both because they tended to fulfill their obligation of commemoration and were interested in destruction; and visitor experiences played an important mediating role between travel motivations and benefits gained.

关键词： Dark tourism Travel Motivation Tourist Perception Chinese Domestic Tourists Seismic Memorial sites Wenchuan earthquake Mountains

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An Evolutionary Economic Geography Perspective on Types of Operation Development in West Lake, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第3期27卷 482-496页

作者： YANG Xingzhu ZHA Yanyan LU Lin YANG Yang college of Territorial Resources and tourism Anhui Normal University School of tourism and Hospitality Management Temple University

The types of operation play a key role in facilitating tourism consumption and economic development in a tourism destination. By adopting evolutionary economic geography theory, the paper analyzes the types of operation in West Lake Scenic Area from 1978 to 2013. First, an evolution process consisting of four stages is underpinned, and they are: the new establishment stage, the preliminary development stage, the speedup development stage, and the stabilized maturity stage. Specifically, the distinct characteristics associated with operation types are compared and evaluated at different stages throughout the process. The evolution trees are introduced to scrutinize types of operation development. The results of evolution trees demonstrate the substantial increase in both numbers and types. Second, by applying GIS spatial analysis, the paper also analyzes the spatial evolution characteristics on the types of operation, and the results unveil the co-existence of centripetal and centrifugal forces: the processes of spatial agglomeration and spatial dispersion. More specifically, we recognize the spatial process includes the emergence of node and concentration(1978–1995), the sparse distribution and intensity reduction(1996–2002), the patchy distribution and spatial agglomeration intensification(2003–2008), the dispersed distribution and core area agglomeration(2009–2013). Lastly, path dependence on resource endowment, government and market innovation, knowledge learning and spillover can reasonably explain the types of operation evolution. In conclusion, the evolutionary economic geography theories provide new theoretical and empirical perspectives for tourism policy analysis. At the same time, our comprehensive evidences impart more comprehensive insights and offer useful managerial and policy implications.

关键词： types of operation evolutionary economic geography spatial process West Lake China

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Feasibility Study of Applying Recycled Aggregate from Building Debris in Concrete

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沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版） 2011年第6期27卷 1137-1145页

作者：彭予柱 Taiwan Hospitality and tourism college

Coarse and fine aggregate constitutes an average of approximately 55% to 80% of the total volume of concrete *** remains the most commonly-used building material *** a result,the massive use of aggregate will have a direct impact on the earth′s natural resources if an appropriate replacement material is not found,violating the spirit of sustainable *** study makes a preliminary examination of using coarse and fine aggregate produced from discarded construction materials in *** indicate that the compressive strength of densified mixture concrete at 28 days can reach 56.88 MPa(recycled materials used as coarse aggregate,and natural sand used as fine aggregate)and 53.33 MPa(recycled materials used as both coarse and fine aggregate).While this type of material is not yet fully understood,further research into this area should enable feasible applications in ***,unsuitable mixtures have serious impact on the durability and overall economy of *** further research on suitable mixture designs,a complete application of recycled aggregate in concrete can be expected.

关键词： sustainable development construction waste materials recycled aggregate densified mixture

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Development Mechanism of Urban System in Rapidly Changing Period in China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2007年第1期17卷 10-18页

作者： DU Guoqing college of tourism Rikkyo （St. Paul） University Japan

The purpose of this research is to investigate the socio-economic development mechanism of China’s urban system in terms of spatial structure and its change. Totally 246 cities from 340 designated cities in 1985, and 488 from 640 designated cities in 1995 are selected as sample cities. And 22 attributes concerning urban features are analyzed to clarify the socio-economic characteristics and their changes in the urban system. Finally, the primary development factors are verified with the relationship of spatial structure and socio-economic characteristics. In conclusion, the socio-economic changes occurred more extremely than spatial structure changes. Furthermore, foreign investment be- came a major power for the development of China’s urban system in the period of 1985–1995.

关键词： urban system socio-economic development foreign investment China

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Spatial-temporal pattern and formation mechanism of county urbanization on the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第4期18卷 1093-1111页

作者： SONG Yong-yong MA Bei-bei DAI Lan-hai XUE Dong-Qian XIA Si-you WANG Peng-tao School of Geography and tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China college of history Culture and TourismHexi UniversityZhangye 734000China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of tourism&Research Institute of Human Geography Xi'an International Studies UniversityXi'an 710128China

Urbanization is a comprehensive and complex socioeconomic phenomenon that plays an influential role in promoting global socioeconomic *** Loess Plateau region is an important part of the China’s ecological security pattern,and occupies an important position in the implementation of China’s new-type urbanization strategy and the realization of the urban *** characteristics of the staged changes and regional differentiation of urbanization in the area from 1990 to 2018 were studied with focus on regions and subregions by selecting 341 county-level administrative units on the Chinese Loess Plateau as the research area,and employing partition analysis and geographic detector *** revealed the formation mechanism of the spatial differentiation pattern of urbanization on the Loess *** found that the urbanization of the Loess Plateau,previously in a slow growth phase,entered the accelerated development phase,presenting a macro pattern of high rates of urbanization in central and eastern areas and low rates in western *** formation of the regional differentiation patterns of urbanization on the Loess Plateau were the combined results of natural geographical and socioeconomic *** these factors,the interaction of any two factors had a stronger impact on regional urbanization patterns than a single factor,which was specifically manifested as nonlinear or bi-factor enhancement *** findings of this paper may provide a theoretical reference and scientific basis for the scientific promotion of healthy urbanization on the Chinese Loess Plateau and the ecologically fragile areas of developing countries around the world.

关键词： Urbanization Spatial-temporal pattern Influencing factors Driving mechanism Geographical detector Chinese Loess Plateau

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A Review of China tourism Education during the Republic of China( 1912 - 1949 )

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学术界 2015年第1期 293-299页

作者： Wang Zhanhua college of tourism Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453002 School of history and Culture Central China Normal University Wuhan Hubei 430079

With the primary development of tourism industry during the Republic of China,tourism education had drawn the attention of the relevant people and a number of practical activities were carried out one after *** article mainly analyzed the general situations of tourism education of the Republic of China from the object,the form and the content of tourism education and thought that tourism education of that period had extensive objects,various forms,rich and practical *** the characteristics of tourism education during the Republic of China had a positive role in the future development of tourism education in China.

关键词：旅游教育中国民国实践活动旅游产业教育内容共和国旅游业

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Image Perception and Emotional Evaluation of Tourists for Desert tourism Destinations in Inner Mongolia——Content Analyses Based on Network Travel Notes

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Journal of Landscape Research 2019年第1期11卷 95-103页

作者： AO Hongyan LI Meng college of history and tourism Culture Inner Mongolia University

Recent years have witnessed the popularity of desert tourism as a fashion tourism product in the 21^(st) century along with the increasing demand for personalized tourism for tourists. The academic community is paying growing attention to desert tourism research, but there is little research on the perception of tourists about the image of desert tourism destinations in Inner Mongolia. With Inner Mongolia as the object of the study, this paper analyzed the image perception and evaluation of tourists for Inner Mongolia desert tourism destinations from three aspects of cognitive image perception, emotional image perception, and overall image perception according to the "cognitive-emotional" model, with the help of relevant network text analysis methods, and proposed some suggestions for the future development of desert tourism destinations in Inner Mongolia from the aspects of increasing desert humanities tourism resources and product development, improving scenic spot management ability, improving tourism service quality, improving tourism infrastructure construction and strengthening environmental protection. It is hoped that this paper can provide a reference for improving the image of Inner Mongolia desert tourism destinations and improving the tourist experience.

关键词： Inner Mongolia Desert tourism destination Image perception Content analysis

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