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Sea cucumber intestinal hydrolysates alleviate insulin resistance through regulating IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway mediated by glutamine metabolism in high-fat and high-sucrose diet-induced mice

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food science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Meng Wang Man Yao Hao Yue Yingying Tian Zifang Zhao Changhu Xue Tiantian Zhang Yuming Wang SKL of Marine food Processing & Safety Control， college of food science and engineering， Ocean university of china Institute of food & Nutrition science and Technology， Shandong Academy of agricultural sciences Hainan Huayan Collagen Technology Co. Sanya Institute of Oceanography， Ocean university of china

It has been reported that sea cucumber intestine hydrolysates (SCIH) could promote glutamine metabolism in mice， while there is a close connection between glutamine metabolism and insulin sensitivity. However， the effect of SCIH on insulin resistance is still unclear. The results showed that SCIH hydrolyzed by flavor protease had significant activity using the insulin-induced HepG2 cell model. Animal experiments exhibited that SCIH supplementation significantly improved the high-fat and high-sucrose diet-induced impaired glucose tolerance， reduced fasting serum glucose and glycosylated serum protein. Besides， SCIH ameliorated islet vacuolization and decreased the pancreas TNF-α and IL-6 by 32.1% and 36.2%， respectively. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that SCIH promoted insulin secretion. Interestingly， SCIH significantly increased the liver glutamine levels and upregulated the expression of glutaminase1 (GLS1) and glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1). Furthermore， SCIH increased liver acetyl-CoA levels to enhance histone acetylation and activate the gene transcription and translation on glucose metabolism-related IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway， thereby attenuating insulin resistance. The present findings proposed the potential value for developing functional foods in SCIH utilization.

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In vitro digestibility of soybean β-conglycinin hydrolysates

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第7期24卷 585-587页

作者： Jian-Hua Ren Shun-Tang Guo college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural University

The in vitro digestibility of alcalase enzymatic hydrolysates of β-conglycinin was studied. The results showed that the zeta potentials of β-conglycinin hydrolysates decreased and their electronegativity increased when digested with pepsin and trypsin. Furthermore, the content of peptides with molecular weight from 10 kDa to 20 kDa remained stable, while those with higher molecular weight （〉20 kDa） decreased, and those with lower molecular weight （〈10 kDa） increased. The proportion of highly hydrophobic peptides decreased in the process of the in vitro digestion, but no significant change in the surface hydrophobicity indices of digestion products was observed （P 〈 0.05）. These results indicate that the β-conglycinin hydrolysates were degraded through in vitro digestion, but the degree of degradation was relatively low. Peptides with molecular weight from 10 kDa to 20 kDa in the β-conglycinin hydrolysates resisted the digestion by pepsin and trypsin and they remained stable during the in vitro digestion processes.

关键词： β-Conglycinin hydrolysates In vitro digestion Digestibility

Bumblebees with the socially transmitted microbiome:A novel model organism for gut microbiota research

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Insect science 2022年第4期29卷 958-976页

作者： Zi-Jing Zhang Hao Zheng college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

Eusocial bumble and honey bees are important pollinators for global ecology and the agricultural *** both the bumble and honey bees possess similar and host-restricted gut microbiota,they differ in aspects of morphology,autonomy,physiology,behavior,and life *** social bee gut bacteria exhibit host specificity that is likely a result of long-term *** unique life cycle of bumblebees is key for the acquisition and development of their gut microbiota,and affects the strain-level diversity of the core bacterial *** on bumblebee gut bacteria show that they retain less functional capacity for carbohydrate metabolism compared with that of the *** discuss the potential roles of the bumblebee gut microbiota against pathogenic threats and the application of host-specific probiotics for *** the advantages of the bumblebee microbiome,including the simple structure and host specificity,and the ease of manipulating bumblebee colonies,we propose that bumblebees may provide a valuable system for understanding the general principles of host-microbe interactions,gut-brain axis,and vertical transmission.

关键词： bumblebee gut microbiota host-microbe interaction model organism

Development and prospect of gene-edited fruits and vegetables

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food Quality and Safety 2024年第3期8卷 488-502页

作者： Siyuan Zhang Hongliang Zhu college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

As global climate change progresses and the demand for nutritional value in food increases,new challenges have been posed for the cultivation of grains,fruits,and vegetables and the functionality of *** breeding combined with hybridization enhances grain yield,boosts fruit and vegetable production,and augments the beneficial components of ***,these approaches fail to satisfy the diverse ***-editing technology offers new tools like clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR),CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9),transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs),and zinc finger nucleases(ZFNs),enabling precise modifications of plant or animal genes to enhance their ***-edited foods offer numerous advantages,such as increased crop yields,improved nutritional value,enhanced stress resistance,and disease ***,promoting genetically edited food faces several challenges,such as safety research,international regulatory differences,and public perception and *** achieve widespread application of gene-edited food,strengthening safety research,harmonizing international regulations,and raising public awareness are *** review highlights the development of gene-editing technology and its application in fruits and vegetables,reviews the legal regulations and attitudes of different countries towards gene-edited food,and provides perspectives on the future of gene-edited food.

关键词： Gene-edited fruits and vegetables Gene-edited food laws and regulations CRISPR-Cas9 TALENs ZFNs Fruits and vegetables improvement

Lycopene Accumulation Affects the Biosynthesis of Some Carotenoid-related Volatiles Independent of Ethylene in Tomato

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第8期50卷 991-996页

作者： Hongyan Gao Hongliang Zhu Yi Shao Anjun Chen Chengwen Lu Benzhong Zhu Yunbo Luo college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China

For elucidating the regulatory mechanism of ethylene on carotenoid-related volatiles （open chain） compounds and the relationship between lycopene and carotenoid-related volatiles, transgenic tomato fruits in which ACC synthase was suppressed were used. The transgenic tomato fruit showed a significant reduction of lycopene and aroma volatiles with low ethylene production. 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol and geranylacetone, which were suspected to be lycopene degradation products, were lower than those in wild type tomato fruits. In order to identify whether lycopene accumulation effects the biosynthesis of some carotenoid-related volatiles independent of ethylene in tomato or not, the capability of both wild type and transgenic tomato fruits discs to convert lycopene into carotenoid-related volatiles was evaluated. The data showed that external lycopene could convert into 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol in vivo, indicating that the strong inhibition of ethylene production had no effect on enzymes in the biosynthesis pathway of some carotenoid-related volatUes. Therefore, in ACS-suppression transgenic tomato fruits, the low levels of 6-methyl- 5-hepten-2-one, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol was due to decreased lycopene accumulation, not ethylene production. Ethylene only affected the accumulation of lycopene, and then indirectly influenceed the level of lycopene-related volatiles.

关键词： aroma volatiles ethylene lycopene tomato

Assessment of immune responses and intestinal flora in BALB/c mice model of wheat food allergy via different sensitization methods

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food science and Human Wellness 2023年第3期12卷 871-881页

作者： Chenglong Liu Chen Chen Xingyu Yan Shimin Gu Xin Jia Wenhui Fu Xiao Meng Wentong Xue college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Increasing incidences showed that food allergies have attracted more and more attention from ***/c mice were sensitized with wheat gluten combined with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant via intraperitoneal injection,transdermal sensitization,and oral gavage sensitization *** showed that all the three sensitization methods could induce allergic symptoms;increase the serum antibody(total immunoglobulin E(IgE),specific IgE,IgG,IgA)and histamine content;promote the secretion of Th2 cytokines(interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5,IL-13)and inflammatory factors(IL-6,IL-17 A,IL-10);and inhibit the production of Th1 cytokines(IFN-γ,IL-2).However,the allergic symptoms of mice sensitized by intraperitoneal injection were the most obvious among the three *** level of serum antibodies in intraperitoneal injection group was significantly higher than ***,16 S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the intestinal flora of *** results showed that the abundance of Firmicutes in the wheat protein sensitized group was lower than that in the normal group,while the abundance of Bacteroidetes was higher,and Lactobacillus was the difference marker in normal *** species diversity analysis showed that the species richness and diversity of intestinal flora in mice were decreased,the difference between mice induced by intraperitoneal injection and normal control group mice was the most *** together,these results show that among three sensitization methods used to build a mouse model with aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant,intraperitoneal injection is the comparably best way to build a mouse sensitization mode.

关键词： Allergy Wheat gluten BALB/c mice Sensitization methods Intestinal flora

Effects of Temperature Acclimation Pretreatment on the Ultrastructure of Mesophyll Cells in Young Grape Plants （Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu） Under Cross-Temperature Stresses

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第8期47卷 959-970页

作者： Jun-Huan ZHANG Wei-Dong HUANG Yue-Ping LIU Qiu-Hong PAN college of food science and nutritional engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China

Leaves from annual young grape plants （Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu） were used as experimental materials. The ultrastructural characteristics of mesophyll cells in chilling-treated plants after heat acclimation （HA） and in heat-treated plants after cold acclimation （CA） were observed and compared using transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that slight injury appeared in the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells after either HA （38℃ for 10 h） or CA （8℃ for 2.5 d）, but the tolerance to subsequent extreme temperature stress was remarkably improved by HA or CA pretreatment. The increases in membrane permeability and malondialdehyde concentration under chilling （0℃） or heat （45℃） stress were markedly inhibited by HA or CA pretreatment. The mesophyll cells of plants not pretreated with HA were markedly damaged following chilling stress. The chloroplasts appeared irregular in shape, the arrangement of the stroma lamellae was disordered, and no starch granules were present. The cristae of the mitochondria were disrupted and became empty. The nucleus became irregular in shape and the nuclear membrane was digested. In contrast, the mesophyll cells of HA-pretreated plants maintained an intact ultrastructure under chilling stress. The mesophyll cells of control plants were also severely damaged under heat stress. The chloroplast became round in shape, the stroma lamellae became swollen, and the contents of vacuoles formed clumps. In the case of mitochondria of control plants subjected to heat stress, the outer envelope was digested and the cristae were disrupted and became many small vesicles. Compared with cellular organelles in control plants, those in CA plant cells always maintained an integrated state during whole heat stress, except for the chloroplasts, which became round in shape after 10 h heat stress. From these data, we suggest that the stability of mesophyll cells under chilling stress can be increased by HA pretreatment. Similarly, CA pretreatment can p

关键词： chilling stress cold acclimation cross-adaptation grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu) plants heat acclimation heat stress ultrastructure.

Another piece of puzzle for the human microbiome: the gut virome under dietary modulation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第10期51卷 983-996页

作者： Fengxiang Zhao Jinfeng Wang college of food science&nutritional engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

The virome is the most abundant and highly variable microbial consortium in the *** of difficulties in isolating and culturing gut viruses and the lack of reference genomes,the virome has remained a rela-tively elusive aspect of the human *** recent years,studies on the virome have accumulated growing evidence showing that the virome is diet-modulated and widely involved in regulating ***,we review the responses of the gut virome to dietary intake and the potential health implications,presenting changes in the gut viral community and preferences of viral members to particular *** further discuss how viral-bacterial interactions and phage lifestyle shifts shape the gut *** also discuss the specific functions conferred by diet on the gut virome and bacterial community in the context of horizontal gene transfer,as well as the import of new viral members along with the *** these studies will expand our understanding of the dietary regulation of the gut virome and inspire dietary in-terventions and health maintenance strategies targeting the gut microbiota.

关键词： Diet Gut virome Phage lifestyle Auxiliary metabolic genes Horizontal gene transfer

Maternal and infant microbiome:next-generation indicators and targets for intergenerational health and nutrition care

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Protein & Cell 2023年第11期14卷 807-823页

作者： Shengtao Gao Jinfeng Wang college of food science&nutritional engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Microbes are commonly sensitive to shifts in the physiological and pathological state of their hosts,including mothers and *** this perspective,the microbiome may be a good indicator for diseases during pregnancy and has the potential to be used for perinatal health *** is embodied in the application of microbiome from multi body sites for auxiliary diagnosis,early prediction,prolonged monitoring,and retrospective diagnosis of pregnancy and infant complications,as well as nutrition management and health products developments of mothers and *** we summarized the progress in these areas and explained that the microbiome of different body sites is sensitive to different diseases and their microbial biomarkers may overlap between each other,thus we need to make a diagnosis prudently for those *** on the microbiome variances and additional anthropometric and physical data,individualized responses of mothers and neonates to meals and probiotics/prebiotics were predictable,which is of importance for precise nutrition and probiotics/prebiotics managements and *** a great deal of encouraging performance was manifested in previous studies,the efficacy could be further improved by combining multi-aspect data such as multi-omics and time series analysis in the *** review reconceptualizes maternal and infant health from a microbiome perspective,and the knowledge in it may inspire the development of new options for the prevention and treatment of adverse pregnancy outcomes and bring a leap forward in perinatal health care.

关键词： newborn microbiome disease detection pregnancy management health care products