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Economic analysis of rooftop photovoltaics system under different shadowing conditions for 20 cities in China

Building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 235-252页

作者： Zhiyi Ren Yixing Chen Chengcheng Song Mengyue Liu Anni XuQilin Zhang college of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China Key Laboratory of Building safety and energy Efficiency of Ministry of Education Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China

Installing photovoltaic(PV)systems is an essential step for low-carbon *** economics of PV systems are strongly impacted by the electricity price and the shadowing effect from neighboring *** study evaluates the PV generation potential and economics of 20 cities in China under three shadowing ***,the building geometry models under three shadowing conditions for the 20 cities were constructed using ***,60 building models with PV systems and shadows from surrounding buildings were generated by City Buildings,energy,and Sustainability(CityBES),an open platform,to simulate the PV power ***,the study presented one economic analysis model to evaluate the profitability by combining the market cost of rooftop PV systems and electricity prices in *** economic model included four indicators:payback period(static and dynamic),net present value(NPV),and internal rate of return(IRR).The results show that the reduction of PV power generation ranges from 8.29%to 16.01%under medium shadowing,and experiences a maximum decrease of up to 39.71%under high *** economic analysis shows that almost all the regions show reliable potential,obtaining an IRR higher than the reference value(5%).Nenjiang has the highest economic profit,with the highest NPV(86,181.15 RMB)and IRR(30.14%)under no shadowing among 20 *** also should be mentioned that the alignment between electricity price distribution and the solar power generation curve will directly impact the economic potential of PV systems.

关键词： rooftop photovoltaic system energyPlus economic analysis shadowing buildings electric price

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Defect and nanostructure engineering of polymeric carbon nitride for visible-light-driven CO2 reduction

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结构化学 2024年第3期43卷 10-18页

作者： Ziruo Zhou Wenyu Guo Tingyu Yang Dandan Zheng Yuanxing Fang Xiahui Lin Yidong Hou Guigang Zhang Sibo Wang State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China college of Environment and safety Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China

Sunlight-induced photocatalytic carbon dioxide(CO2)reduction to energy-rich chemicals by metal-free polymeric carbon nitride(CN)semiconductor is a promising tactic for sustained solar fuel ***,the reaction efficiency of CO2 photoreduction is restrained seriously by the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers on CN ***,we incorporate 2-aminopyridine molecule with strong electron-withdrawing group into the skeleton edge of CN layers through a facile one-pot thermal polymerization strategy using urea as the precursor,which renders a modified carbon nitride(ACN)with extended optical harvesting,abundant nitrogen defects and ultrathin nanosheet ***,the ACN photocatalyst with desirable structural features attains enhanced separation and migration of photoexcited charge *** visible light irradiation with Co(bpy)32+as a cocatalyst,the optimized ACN sample manifests a high CO2 deoxygnative reduction activity and high sta-bility,providing a CO yielding rate of 17 μmol h-1,which is significantly higher than that of pristine *** key intermediates engaged in CO2 photoreduction reaction are determined by the in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy,which sponsors the construction of the possible photocatalytic CO2 reduction mechanism on ACN nanosheets.

关键词： Carbon nitride Photocatalysis CO_2 reduction Nitrogen defects Nanosheets

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Thermal safety boundary of lithium-ion battery at different state of charge

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 59-72页

作者： Hang Wu Siqi Chen Yan Hong Chengshan Xu Yuejiu Zheng Changyong Jin Kaixin Chen Yafei He Xuning Feng Xuezhe Wei Haifeng Dai Clean energy Automotive Engineering Center Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China college of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China State Key Laboratory of Automotive safety and energy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Thermal runaway(TR)is a critical issue hindering the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Understanding the thermal safety behavior of LIBs at the cell and module level under different state of charges(SOCs)has significant implications for reinforcing the thermal safety design of the lithium-ion battery *** study first investigates the thermal safety boundary(TSB)correspondence at the cells and modules level under the guidance of a newly proposed concept,safe electric quantity boundary(SEQB).A reasonable thermal runaway propagation(TRP)judgment indicator,peak heat transfer power(PHTP),is proposed to predict whether TRP ***,a validated 3D model is used to quantitatively clarify the TSB at different SOCs from the perspective of PHTP,TR trigger temperature,SOC,and the full cycle ***,three different TRP transfer modes are *** interconversion relationship of three different TRP modes is investigated from the perspective of *** paper explores the TSB of LIBs under different SOCs at both cell and module levels for the first time,which has great significance in guiding the thermal safety design of battery systems.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Battery safety Thermal runaway State of charge Numerical analysis

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A Hierarchical Modeling Framework for Electrochemical Behaviors in Lithium-Ion Batteries with Detailed Structures

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energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第05期7卷 81-89页

作者： Binghe Liu Xin Liu Huacui Wang Jie Li Jun Xu college of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing University State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vehicle safety Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware energy Mechanics and Sustainability Laboratory (EMSLab) University of Delaware

The accurate representation of lithium plating and aging phenomena has posed a persistent challenge within the battery research community. Empirical evidence underscores the pivotal role of cell structure in influencing aging behaviors and lithium plating within lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Available lithium-ion plating models often falter in detailed description when integrating the structural intricacies. To address this challenge, this study proposes an innovative hierarchical model that intricately incorporates the layered rolling structure in cells. Notably, our model demonstrates a remarkable capacity to predict the non-uniform distribution of current density and overpotential along the rolling direction of LIBs. Subsequently, we delve into an insightful exploration of the structural factors that influence lithium plating behavior,leveraging the foundation laid by our established model. Furthermore, we easily update the hierarchical model by considering aging factors. This aging model effectively anticipates capacity fatigue and lithium plating tendencies across individual layers of LIBs, all while maintaining computational efficiency.

关键词： aging model battery design hierarchical modeling lithium plating lithium-ion battery

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Research advances in enhanced coal seam gas extraction by controllable shock wave fracturing

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 1-31页

作者： Chaojun Fan Hao Sun Sheng Li Lei Yang Bin Xiao Zhenhua Yang Mingkun Luo Xiaofeng Jiang Lijun Zhou college of Mining Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin123000China college of safety Science and Engineering Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin123000China energy Business Department Shanxi Lu’an Chemical GroupChangzhi046200China

With the continuous increase of mining in depth,the gas extraction faces the challenges of low permeability,great ground stress,high temperature and large gas pressure in coal *** controllable shock wave(CSW),as a new method for enhancing permeability of coal seam to improve gas extraction,features in the advantages of high efficiency,eco-friendly,and low *** order to better utilize the CSW into gas extraction in coal mine,the mechanism and feasibility of CSW enhanced extraction need to be *** this paper,the basic principles,the experimental tests,the mathematical models,and the on-site tests of CSW fracturing coal seams are reviewed,thereby its future research directions are *** on the different media between electrodes,the CSW can be divided into three categories:hydraulic effect,wire explosion and excitation of energetic materials by detonating *** the process of propagation and attenuation of the high-energy shock wave in coal,the shock wave and bubble pulsation work together to produce an enhanced permeability effect on the coal *** stronger the strength of the CSW is,the more cracks created in the coal is,and the greater the length,width and area of the cracks *** repeated shock on the coal seam is conducive to the formation of complex network fracture system as well as the reduction of coal seam strength,but excessive shock frequency will also damage the coal structure,resulting in the limited effect of the enhanced gas *** the influence of ground stress,the crack propagation in coal seam will be *** difference of horizontal principal stress has a significant impact on the shape,propagation direction and connectivity of the CSW induced *** permeability enhancement effect of CSW is affected by the breakage degree of coal *** shock wave is absorbed by the broken coal,which may hinder the propagation of CSW,resulting in a poor effect of permeability *** arranging two a

关键词： Controllable shock wave Permeability enhancement Gas extraction Basic principle Experimental test Mathematical models On-site test

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Frequency Domain Fatigue Evaluation on SCR Girth-Weld Based on Structural Stress

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 255-270页

作者： ZHANG Long ZHAO Tian-feng college of safety and Ocean Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

The Steel Catenary Riser(SCR)is a vital component for transporting oil and gas from the seabed to the floating *** harsh environmental conditions and complex platform motion make the SCR’s girth-weld prone to fatigue *** structural stress fatigue theory and Master S-N curve method provide accurate predictions for the fatigue damage on the welded joints,which demonstrate significant potential and compatibility in multi-axial and random fatigue ***,we propose a new frequency fatigue model subjected to welded joints of SCR under multiaxial stress,which fully integrates the mesh-insensitive structural stress and frequency domain random process and transforms the conventional welding fatigue technique of SCR into a spectrum analysis technique utilizing structural ***,a full-scale FE model of SCR with welds is established to obtain the modal structural stress of the girth weld and the frequency response function(FRF)of modal coordinate,and a biaxial fatigue evaluation about the girth weld of the SCR can be achieved by taking the effects of multi-load correlation and pipe-soil interaction into *** research results indicate that the frequency-domain fatigue results are aligned with the time-domain results,meeting the fatigue evaluation requirements of the SCR.

关键词： SCR girth weld random vibration self(cross)power spectrum structural stress method biaxial fatigue damage

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Numerical and experimental study on the falling film flow characteristics with the effect of co-current gas flow in hydrogen liquefaction process

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1369-1384页

作者： Chong-Zheng Sun Yu-Xing Li Hui Han Xiao-Yi Geng Xiao Lu college of energy Storage Technology Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590ShandongChina college of Pipeline and Civil Engineering/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation safety China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580ShandongChina

Liquid hydrogen storage and transportation is an effective method for large-scale transportation and utilization of hydrogen energy. Revealing the flow mechanism of cryogenic working fluid is the key to optimize heat exchanger structure and hydrogen liquefaction process(LH2). The methods of cryogenic visualization experiment, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are conducted to study the falling film flow characteristics with the effect of co-current gas flow in LH2spiral wound heat *** results show that the flow rate of mixed refrigerant has a great influence on liquid film spreading process, falling film flow pattern and heat transfer performance. The liquid film of LH2mixed refrigerant with column flow pattern can not uniformly and completely cover the tube wall surface. As liquid flow rate increases, the falling film flow pattern evolves into sheet-column flow and sheet flow, and liquid film completely covers the surface of tube wall. With the increase of shear effect of gas-phase mixed refrigerant in the same direction, the liquid film gradually becomes unstable, and the flow pattern eventually evolves into a mist flow.

关键词： Hydrogen liquefaction Spiral wound heat exchanger Flow pattern transition Falling film flow

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Trial application of the envelope method to the potential ambiguity problem

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 73-80页

作者： Li-Yuan Hu Yu-Shou Song Fundamental Science on Nuclear safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China college of Nuclear Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of Nuclear safety and Advanced Nuclear energy Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The optical potential ambiguity is a long-standing problem in the analysis of elastic scattering *** a specific collid-ing system,ambiguous potential families can lead to different behaviors in the nearside and farside scattering *** contrast,the envelope method can decompose the experimental data into two components with negative and positive deflection angles,***,a question arises as to whether the comparison between the calculated nearside(or farside)component and the derived positive-deflection-angle(or negative-deflection-angle)component can help analyze the potential ambiguity *** this study,we conducted a trial application of the envelope method to the potential ambiguity *** envelope method was improved by including uncertainties in the experimental *** colliding systems of 16O+28Si at 215.2 MeV and 12C+12C at 1016 MeV were considered in the *** each colliding system,the angular distribution experimental data were described nearly equally well by two potential sets,one of which is“surface transpar-ent”and the other is *** calculated angular distributions were decomposed into nearside and farside scattering *** the improved envelope method,the experimental data were decomposed into the positive-deflection-angle and negative-deflection-angle components,which were then compared with the calculated nearside and farside *** capability of the envelope method to analyze the potential ambiguities was also discussed.

关键词： Elastic scattering Optical potential ambiguities Envelope method Nearside/farside decomposition

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Vickrey-Clark-Groves-based Method for Eradicating Deceptive Behaviors in Demand Response Transactions

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2024年第4期12卷 1260-1271页

作者： Yingjun Wu Chengjun Liu Zhiwei Lin Zhaorui Chen Runrun Chen Yuyang Chen college of energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjingChina

Demand response transactions between electric con-sumers,load aggregators,and the distribution network manag-er based on the"combination of price and incentive"are feasi-ble and ***,the incentive payment of demand re-sponse is quantified based on private information,which gives the electric consumers and load aggregators the possibility of defrauding illegitimate interests by declaring false *** paper proposes a method based on Vickrey-Clark-Groves(VCG)theory to prevent electric consumers and load aggrega-tors from taking illegitimate interests through deceptive behav-iors in the demand response ***,a demand re-sponse transaction framework with the price-and-incentive com-bined mode is established to illustrate the deceptive behaviors in the demand response ***,the idea for eradi-cating deceptive behaviors based on VCG theory is given,and a detailed VCG-based mathematical model is constructed follow-ing the demand response transaction ***,the proofs of incentive compatibility,individual rationality,cost minimization,and budget balance of the proposed VCG-based method are ***,a modified IEEE 33-node system and a modified IEEE 123-node system are used to illustrate and val-idate the proposed method.

关键词： Demand response transaction incentive mode cost-sharing false information deceptive behavior

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Improving anammox activity and reactor start-up speed by using CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) buffer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 60-71页

作者： Shaoan Cheng Huahua Li Xinyuan He Hua Chen Longxin Li State Key Laboratory of Clean energy Utilization College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Anammox bacteria grow slowly and can be affected by large pH *** suitable buffers could make the start-up of anammox reactors easy and *** this study,the effects of three kinds of buffers on the nitrogen removal and growth characteristics of anammox sludge were *** with CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3)buffer solution(CCBS)performed the best in nitrogen removal,while 4-(2-hydroxyerhyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid(HEPES)and phosphate buffer solution(PBS)inhibited the anammox *** with 50 mmol/L CCBS could start up in 20 days,showing the specific anammox activity and anammox activity of 1.01±0.10 gN/(gVSS·day)and 0.83±0.06 kgN/(m^(3)·day),*** Kuenenia was the dominant anammox bacteria,with a relative abundance of 71.8%.Notably,anammox reactors could also start quickly by using 50 mmol/L CCBS under nonstrict anaerobic *** findings are meaningful for the quick start-up of engineered anammox reactors and prompt enrichment of anammox bacteria.

关键词： Anammox bacteria Buffer solution CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) Physiological characteristics Microbial community shift

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