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Evaluation of Auto-Ignition Characteristics of Diesel Surrogate Fuels with the Same Derived Cetane Numbers at Changed Thermodynamic Environments

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1590-1606页

作者： ZHANG Cong GUAN Yuanhang HUANG Zhen HAN Dong Key Laboratory for Power machinery and Engineering Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China college of Smart energy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shanghai Non-carbon energy Conversion and Utilization Institute Shanghai200240China

The ignition tendency of diesel fuels is highly sensitive to ambient conditions and fuel *** this study,the ignition characteristics of different diesel surrogate fuels with the same derived cetane numbers(DCN)were measured and compared in varied thermodynamic and oxidizing *** combustion pressures,heat release rates,ignition delays,and combustion delays of the test fuels were *** experimental results showed that the diesel surrogate fuels with the same DCNs exhibit similar ignition propensity at standard DCN test ***,for the test conditions of high cetane fuels,high ambient temperatures,and suficient oxygen concentrations,surrogate fuels with the same DCN have similar ignition behaviors,and using the DCN to evaluate fuel ignition tendency is ***,for the test conditions of low cetane fuels,low ambient temperatures,and reduced oxygen concentrations,different ignition behaviors are observed for the surrogate fuels with the same DCN,so at these conditions using DCN as the evaluation index for fuel ignition tendency may lead to higher uncertainty.

关键词： diesel fuels surrogate fuels derived cetane numbers constant volume combustion chamber

Improving anammox activity and reactor start-up speed by using CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) buffer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 60-71页

作者： Shaoan Cheng Huahua Li Xinyuan He Hua Chen Longxin Li State Key Laboratory of Clean energy Utilization College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Anammox bacteria grow slowly and can be affected by large pH *** suitable buffers could make the start-up of anammox reactors easy and *** this study,the effects of three kinds of buffers on the nitrogen removal and growth characteristics of anammox sludge were *** with CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3)buffer solution(CCBS)performed the best in nitrogen removal,while 4-(2-hydroxyerhyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid(HEPES)and phosphate buffer solution(PBS)inhibited the anammox *** with 50 mmol/L CCBS could start up in 20 days,showing the specific anammox activity and anammox activity of 1.01±0.10 gN/(gVSS·day)and 0.83±0.06 kgN/(m^(3)·day),*** Kuenenia was the dominant anammox bacteria,with a relative abundance of 71.8%.Notably,anammox reactors could also start quickly by using 50 mmol/L CCBS under nonstrict anaerobic *** findings are meaningful for the quick start-up of engineered anammox reactors and prompt enrichment of anammox bacteria.

关键词： Anammox bacteria Buffer solution CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) Physiological characteristics Microbial community shift

Vickrey-Clark-Groves-based Method for Eradicating Deceptive Behaviors in Demand Response Transactions

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2024年第4期12卷 1260-1271页

作者： Yingjun Wu Chengjun Liu Zhiwei Lin Zhaorui Chen Runrun Chen Yuyang Chen college of energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjingChina

Demand response transactions between electric con-sumers,load aggregators,and the distribution network manag-er based on the"combination of price and incentive"are feasi-ble and ***,the incentive payment of demand re-sponse is quantified based on private information,which gives the electric consumers and load aggregators the possibility of defrauding illegitimate interests by declaring false *** paper proposes a method based on Vickrey-Clark-Groves(VCG)theory to prevent electric consumers and load aggrega-tors from taking illegitimate interests through deceptive behav-iors in the demand response ***,a demand re-sponse transaction framework with the price-and-incentive com-bined mode is established to illustrate the deceptive behaviors in the demand response ***,the idea for eradi-cating deceptive behaviors based on VCG theory is given,and a detailed VCG-based mathematical model is constructed follow-ing the demand response transaction ***,the proofs of incentive compatibility,individual rationality,cost minimization,and budget balance of the proposed VCG-based method are ***,a modified IEEE 33-node system and a modified IEEE 123-node system are used to illustrate and val-idate the proposed method.

关键词： Demand response transaction incentive mode cost-sharing false information deceptive behavior

Robust Forecasting-Aided State Estimation Considering Uncertainty in Distribution System

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CSEE Journal of Power and energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1632-1641页

作者： Dongchen Hou Yonghui Sun Linchuang Zhang Sen Wang college of energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

With the development of the smart grid,the distribution system operation conditions become more complex and ***,due to the influence of observation outliers and uncertain noise statistics,it is more difficult to grasp the dynamic operation characteristics of distribution *** order to address these problems,by using projection statistics and the noise covariance updating technology based on the Sage-Husa noise estimator,for distribution power system with outliers and uncertain noise statistics,a robust adaptive cubature Kalman filter forecasting-aided state estimation method is proposed based on generalized-maximum likelihood type ***,an adaptive strategy,which can enhance the filtering accuracy under normal conditions,is *** the simulation part,the branch parameters and node load parameters of the test system are appropriately modified to simulate the asymmetry of the three-phase branch parameters and the asymmetry of the three-phase ***,through simulation experiments on the improved test system,it is verified that the robust forecasting-aided state estimation method,presented in this paper,can effectively perceive the actual operating state of the distribution network in different simulation scenarios.

关键词： Cubature Kalman filter distribution power system forecasting-aided state estimation projection statistics

Evolution of helium bubbles in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys containing γ′ nanoprecipitates

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 491-500页

作者：冯婷蒋胜明胡潇天张子骏黄子敬董士刚张建 college of energy Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China16

A series of high-entropy alloys(HEAs) containing nanoprecipitates of varying sizes is successfully prepared by a non-consuming vacuum arc melting *** order to study the irradiation evolution of helium bubbles in the FeCoNiCrbased HE As with γ' precipitates,these samples are irradiated by 100-keV helium ions with a fluence of 5 × 10^(20) ions/m^(2) at 293 K and 673 K,*** the samples irradiated at room temperature are annealed at different temperatures to examine the diffusion behavior of helium *** electron microscope(TEM) is employed to characterize the structural morphology of precipitated nanoparticles and the evolution of helium *** results reveal that nanosized,spherical,dispersed,coherent,and ordered L1_(2)-type Ni_(3)Ti γ' precipitations are introduced into FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HEAs by means of ageing treatments at temperatures between 1073 K and 1123 *** the ageing treatment conditions adopted in this work,γ' nanoparticles are precipitated in FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HE As,with average diameters of 15.80 nm,37.09 nm,and 62.50 nm,*** average sizes of helium bubbles observed in samples after 673-K irradiation are 1.46 nm,1.65 nm,and 1.58 nm,*** improvement in the irradiation resistance of FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HEAs is evidenced by the diminution in bubbles ***,the FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HEAs containing γ' precipitates of 15.8 nm exhibits the minimum size and density of helium bubbles,which can be ascribed to the considerable helium trapping effects of heterogeneous coherent phase ***,annealing experiments conducted after 293-K irradiation indicate that HEAs containing precipitated phases exhibits smaller apparent activation energy(E_(a)) for helium bubbles,resulting in larger helium bubble *** study provides guidance for improving the irradiation resistance of L1_(2)-strengthened high-entropy alloy.

关键词： high-entropy alloys irradiation resistance coherent precipitates helium bubbles

Time-dependent model for two-phase flow in ultra-high water-cut reservoirs: Time-varying permeability and relative permeability

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2536-2553页

作者： Shao-Chun Wang Na Zhang Zhi-Hao Tang Xue-Fei Zou Qian Sun Wei Liu college of energy Resources Chengdu University of Technology college of Petroleum Engineering Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology

For the ultra-high water-cut reservoirs, after long-term water injection exploitation, the physical properties of the reservoir change and the heterogeneity of the reservoir becomes increasingly severe, which further aggravates the spatial difference of the flow field. In this study, the displacement experiments were employed to investigate the variations in core permeability, porosity, and relative permeability after a large amount of water injection. A relative permeability endpoint model was proposed by utilizing the alternating conditional expectation(ACE) transformation to describe the variation in relative permeability based on the experimental data. Based on the time dependent models for permeability and relative permeability, the traditional oil-water two-phase model was improved and discretized using the mimetic finite difference method(MFD). The two cases were launched to confirm the validation of the proposed model. The impact of time-varying physical features on reservoir production performance was studied in a real water flooding reservoir. The experimental results indicate that the overall relative permeability curve shifts to the right as water injection increases. This shift corresponds to a transition towards a more hydrophilic wettability and a decrease in residual oil saturation. The endpoint model demonstrates excellent accuracy and can be applied to time-varying simulations of reservoir physics. The impact of variations in permeability and relative permeability on the reservoir production performance yields two distinct outcomes. The time-varying permeability of the reservoir results in intensified water channeling and poor development effects. On the other hand, the time-varying relative permeability enhances the oil phase seepage capacity, facilitating oil displacement. The comprehensive time-varying behavior is the result of the combined influence of these two parameters, which closely resemble the actual conditions observed in oil field expl

关键词： Mimetic finite difference Water flooding reservoir Time-varying physical properties Numerical simulation

Numerical Analysis on Charging Performance of the Macro-Encapsulating Combined Sensible-Latent Heat Storage System with Structural Parameters

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1026-1036页

作者： WANG Wei PAN Zhenfei WANG Jingfu WU Yuting MA Chongfang Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and energy Conservation Ministry of EducationCollege of Energy and Power EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and energy Conversion Beijing MunicipalityCollege of Energy and Power EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

For combined sensible-latent heat storage system(CSLHS)(termed as the hybrid configuration),macro encapsulation can effectively solve the leakage problem of ***,due to the poor thermal conductivity of PCMs,the charging performance of the hybrid configuration slightly increases compared to the solid structure(with only sensible materials).Meanwhile,the natural convection in the PCMs zone could improve the charging ***,how to improve natural convection intensity is a key issue for the CSLHS by macro *** is found that adding fins can significantly enhance natural convection and accelerate the melting of *** this paper,we proposed the hybrid configuration with fins built-in by macro encapsulation,and analyzed its charging performance with different fin structural parameters in the PCM zone by CFD *** the case,the sensible heat storage material is high-temperature concrete and the PCM is a low-melting-point mixed molten *** analyzed the effects of fin number,fin length and fin thickness on the charging performance of the hybrid configuration *** the result,the charging performance increases with the fin number,but the increase rate gradually *** the fin number is 6,the charging performance increases by 20.18%compared to the situation without *** charging performance increases gradually with the fin *** with the hybrid configuration without fin,for each 10 mm increase in fin length,its charging performances increase by 4.09%,5.26%,7.02%,8.77%,11.70%,and 15.79%,*** from number and length of fins,the effect of thickness on the charging performance is very *** the fin thickness increased from 1 mm to 4 mm,the charging performance only increased by 2.3%.It indicates that the main reason for the improving the charging performance is to increase the natural convection intensity by dividing the PCM zone through *** results show that the charging performance

关键词： macro-encapsulation hybrid configuration natural convection structural parameter charging performance

1.42-fold enhancement of formate selectivity by linker conversion on the Zn-based metal organic framework catalyst

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 183-190,I0006页

作者： Yayu Guan Yuyu Liu Fanghua Ning Jin Yi Jiujun Zhang Institute for Sustainable energy College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Electro-reduction of carbon dioxide(ERCO_(2)) is considered an effective method to alleviate the greenhouse effect and produce value-added *** the dominant selectivity of Zn-based catalysts for formate remains a *** this article,the ZnIn-E_(12) catalyst is successfully prepared by solvent assisted ligand exchange(SALE) method to convert organic ligands,achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 72.28% for formate at-1.26 V ***(V_(RHE)),which is 1.42 times higher than the original *** shows that the successful conversion of organic ligands can transform the catalyst from the original large size polyhedron to cross-linked network of particles with a diameter of about 30 *** increased specific surface area can expose more active sites and facilitate the electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2) to *** work is expected to provide inspiration for the regulation of formate selectivity and catalyst size in Zn-based catalysts.

关键词： Electrocatalyst Carbon dioxide Formate Linker conversion

Oxygen reduction electrocatalysis:From conventional to single-atomic platinum-based catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Frontiers in energy 2024年第2期18卷 206-222页

作者： Cheng YUAN Shiming ZHANG Jiujun ZHANG Institute for Sustainable energy/college of Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Platinum(Pt)-based materials are still the most efficient and practical catalysts to drive the sluggish kinetics of cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).However,their catalysis and stability performance still need to be further improved in terms of corrosion of both carbon support and Pt catalyst particles as well as Pt loading *** on the developed synthetic strategies of alloying/nanostructuring Pt particles and modifying/innovating supports in developing conventional Pt-based catalysts,Pt single-atom catalysts(Pt SACs)as the recently burgeoning hot materials with a potential to achieve the maximum utilization of Pt are comprehensively reviewed in this *** design thoughts and synthesis of various isolated,alloyed,and nanoparticlecontained Pt SACs are *** single-atomic Pt coordinating with non-metals and alloying with metals as well as the metal-support interactions of Pt single-atoms with carbon/non-carbon supports are emphasized in terms of the ORR activity and stability of the *** advance further research and development of Pt SACs for viable implementation in PEMFCs,various technical challenges and several potential research directions are outlined.

关键词： oxygen reduction electrocatalysis Pt singleatom catalysts conventional Pt-based catalysts design thoughts and synthesis metal-support interactions